CORRUPTION AS A PHENOMENON OF GLOBALIZATION

Objective: determination of the impact of globalization processes on the state of corruption in the modern world and individual countries. Methods: universal dialectical method of cognition, which allows to study the phenomena and processes of reality in their historical development, the interrelationship and interdependence, and based on it, and the special general scientific methods of research Results: basing on the assessment of different scientists’ opinions in the studied area of activity, the necessity is proved to form a single anti-corruption strategy acceptable to all states, and effective at all levels of state management; the principles of such a strategy are defined. Scientific novelty: The close relationship is revealed between the globalization processes and the global spread of corruption phenomena. The point of view is substantiated that the liberalization of market relations has both a deterrent and a stimulating effect on the corruption of public management. The need is proved to form national anti-corruption policies based on international standards of anti-corruption activities. Practical value: the possibility to extrapolate international practices to combat corruption in public administration

Diagnostics of Disorders of Mucociliary Clearance in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease by Determining Content of Medium Weight Molecules in Sputum.

Investigation of mucociliary clearance (MCC) condition in 90 patients with COPD was performed according to the stage of the disease by determining the level of biochemical indicator of sputum - medium weight molecules (MWM). To determine the effect of chronic inflammation in the respiratory tract on a general condition of the organism, MWM content in blood serum was investigated. To reduce the influence of comorbidity on MWM content in blood serum, patients with COPD without or with mild comorbidity in remission were selected, and the results were compared with those of healthy people (control group, n = 20). The results showed a direct correlation between the severity of airflow limitation and concentration of MWM in sputum, this was accompanied by increasing of viscosity and adhesive performance of sputum and violation of the optimal conditions of MCC functioning. The fact established allows to use determination of MWM content in sputum of COPD patients as a noninvasive and accessible for pulmonology practice method, which allows to quickly and adequately assess MCC condition and aggregate of metabolic abnormalities in patients' respiratory tract. Chronic inflammation in respiratory tract is accompanied by disorders of determined indicators in the serum as well, but increase of MWM content in sputum is specific, while the accumulation of MWM in serum of patients with COPD is not specific

New Supramolecular Au^I–Cu^I Complex as Potential Luminescent Label for Proteins

A novel supramolecular [Au₆Cu₂(C₂C₆H₄-4-COONC₄H₄O₂)₆(Ph₂PC₆H₄PPh₂)₃]­(PF₆)₂ complex functionalized with a succinimide ester alkynyl substituent has been synthesized and characterized using X-ray crystallography, mass spectrometry, and NMR spectroscopy. Like the other complexes of this class, it demonstrates bright emission in acetone and dichloromethane solutions with the excited state lifetime in a microsecond domain. This complex readily reacts with a surface amine group of proteins/enzymes (human serum albumin (HSA), rabbit anti-HSA antibodies, soybean trypsin inhibitor, and α-chymotrypsin) to give covalent conjugates, which contain up to five molecules of the luminescent label bound to the biomolecule. The conjugates keep a high level of the phosphorescent label emission, but in contrast to the parent complex molecule, display excellent solubility and high stability in physiological media. Investigation of the biological activity of the conjugates also showed that the specific structure of the biomolecules remained nearly unchanged upon bonding with the label, which is indicative of a very prospective of the conjugates application in biomolecular detection