Development of experimental pneumococcal vaccine for mucosal immunization

Streptococcus pneumonia is an important human pathogen that causes various severe diseases such as pneumonia, otitis and meningitis. Vaccination against S. pneumoniae is implemented in many developed countries. The presently used vaccines are safe, well tolerated but relatively expensive and require modification due to the immunological changes of the epidemic strains. This paper describes the development of a new pneumococcal vaccine candidate for immunization on mucosal surfaces. For this purpose the antigens of chimeric protein PSPF, previously suggested for an injectable S. pneumoniae vaccine, were expressed on the surface of the live probiotic strain Enterococcus faecium L3. Experiments on laboratory mice vaccinated with live bacteria demonstrated the appearance of the specific IgA and IgG which provide protection against the lethal S. pneumoniae infection. © 2019 Gupalova et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited

Combined immunization with attenuated live influenza vaccine and chimeric pneumococcal recombinant protein improves the outcome of virus-bacterial infection in mice.

Influenza and its bacterial complications are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The effect of combined immunization with live influenza vaccine and recombinant chimeric pneumococcal protein in dual infection caused by influenza H1N1 and S. pneumoniae (serotype 3) has been studied. The combined vaccine consisted of the strain A/California/2009/38 (H1N1) pdm and chimeric recombinant protein PSPF composed of immunodominant fragments of the surface virulence factors of S. pneumoniae-PsaA, PspA, and Shr1875-associated with modified salmonella flagellin. Vaccinated mice were infected with the influenza virus 24 hours before or 24 hours after the onset of pneumococcal infection. The protective effect of combined vaccination was shown on both models of viral-bacterial infection

Osobennosti kardial'nykh narusheniy pri diabeticheskoy nefropatii

Поражение почек при сахарном диабете (СД) типа 2 развивается у 30-60% больных. В 5-10% случаев диабетическая нефропатия (ДН) заканчивается терминальной стадией почечной недостаточности (ТСПН), которая в структуре смертности больных СД типа 2 составляет 1,5-3%. Самый ранний маркер поражения почек при СД - микроальбуминурия. Обнаружение микроальбуминурии при СД 2 является не только предвестником клинической стадии ДН, но свидетельствует о повышенном риске сердечно-сосудистой патологии. Какое из этих поражений будет доминировать, неизвестно. Все стадии ДН ассоциируются с сердечно-сосудистой патологией. ДН приводит к 5-8-кратному увеличению смертности по сравнению с лицами без СД и ДН. Заболевания сердечно?сосудистой системы до настоящего времени продолжают оставаться основной причиной, приводящей к летальному исходу больных СД 2. не доживших до ТСПН. Механизмы, обусловливающие факт сочетанного повреждения сердца и почек, до конца не изучены. Целью исследования явилось определение структурно-функциональных особенностей сердца больных СД 2, имеющих различные стадии ДН

The bacterial count at different stages of GBS infection in mice after nasal vaccination.

<p>Nasally vaccinated immune mice (n = 160, 10 mice per each point) were infected with GBS (H36 Iac) by intranasal (A), intraperitoneal (B) and vaginal (C) routes. After infection, the bacterial burden in CFU within lungs (A), spleens (B), and vaginal lavages (C) was calculated and expressed as log10. (A) Means with letter a and b differ significantly (p<0,05) (B) Means with letter c and d differ significantly (p<0,05).</p

The bacterial count at different stages of GBS infection in mice after vaginal and oral vaccination.

<p>Vaginally vaccinated immune mice (n = 60, 10 mice per each point) were infected intravaginally with GBS (H36 Iac) (A). At the same time, orally vaccinated immune mice (n = 40, 10 mice per each point) were infected intraperitoneally with the same strain (B). After infection, the bacterial burden in CFU within the vaginal cavity (A) and the spleen (B) was calculated and expressed as log10. (A) Means with letter a and b differ significantly (p<0,05).(B) Means with letter c and d differ significantly (p<0,05).</p

Development of experimental GBS vaccine for mucosal immunization

<div><p><i>Streptococcus agalactiae</i>, or group B streptococcus (GBS), is an important pathogen as it is the leading cause of neonatal deaths due to sepsis, meningitis or bacterial pneumonia. Although the development of an effective and safe GBS vaccine is on the agenda of many research labs, there is no GBS vaccine on the market yet. In the present study we attempted to engineer a live vaccine strain based on Bac, a surface protein of GBS, incorporated into a surface fimbrial protein of probiotic Enterococcus. The resulting strain induced specific systemic and local immune responses in mice and provided protection against GBS when administered via the intranasal, oral or intravaginal immunization routes.</p></div

Oligonucleotide primers.

<p>Oligonucleotide primers.</p