Gender and autistic personality traits predict perspective-taking ability in typical adults

Adopting another’s visual perspective is exceedingly common and may underlie successful social interaction and empathizing with others. The individual differences responsible for success in perspective-taking, however, remain relatively undiscovered. We assessed whether gender and autistic personality traits in normal college student adults predict the ability to adopt another’s visual perspective. In a task differentially recruiting VPT-1 which involves following another’s line of sight, and VPT-2 which involves determining how another may perceive an object differently given their unique perspective (VPT-2), we found effects of both gender and autistic personality traits. Specifically, we demonstrate slowed VPT-2 but not VPT-1 performance in males and females with relatively high ASD-characteristic personality traits; this effect, however was markedly stronger in males than females. Results contribute to knowledge regarding ASD-related personality traits in the general population and the individual differences modulating perspective-taking abilities

Reductions in prefrontal activation predict off-topic utterances during speech production

The ability to speak coherently is essential for effective communication, but little is known about the neural systems that support coherence. Here, the authors show that activity in two prefrontal cortex regions, BA10 and BA45, predicts the level of coherence in the speech of healthy older adults

The application of marketing techniques to improve the efficiency of a commercial enterprise

The article analyzes the range of production and commercial enterprises using the methods of ABC, XYZ – analysis. To identify more profitable positions and measures to increase profits, the commodity positions of the enterprise are ranked. The analysis of marketing directions using the method of paired comparisons in order to identify the most effective of them to promote products and ranking the order of application, as well as the distribution of resources between them. An assessment of the price risk of the goods, with which it was revealed the projected value of the income of the enterprise in the sale of goods. Risk assessment is made for further development of the marketing strategy of the enterprise