23,586 research outputs found
PSM5 USE OF THE INSULIN TREATMENT SATISFACTION QUESTIONNAIRE (ITSQ)ANDTHE ENVIRONMENTAL TOBACCO SMOKE QUESTIONNAIRE (ETS-Q) IN AN INTERNATIONAL STUDY
77Se NMR Investigation of the K(x)Fe(2-y)Se(2) High Tc Superconductor (Tc=33K)
We report a comprehensive 77Se NMR study of the structural, magnetic, and
superconducting properties of a single crystalline sample of the newly
discovered FeSe-based high temperature superconductor K(x)Fe(2-y)Se(2) (Tc=33K)
in a broad temperature range up to 290 K. We will compare our results with
those reported for FeSe (Tc=9K) and FeAs-based high Tc systems.Comment: Final versio
Can the frequency-dependent specific heat be measured by thermal effusion methods?
It has recently been shown that plane-plate heat effusion methods devised for
wide-frequency specific-heat spectroscopy do not give the isobaric specific
heat, but rather the so-called longitudinal specific heat. Here it is shown
that heat effusion in a spherical symmetric geometry also involves the
longitudinal specific heat.Comment: Paper presented at the Fifth International Workshop on Complex
Systems (Sendai, September, 2007), to appear in AIP Conference Proceeding
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Absence of an embryonic stem cell DNA methylation signature in human cancer.
BackgroundDifferentiated cells that arise from stem cells in early development contain DNA methylation features that provide a memory trace of their fetal cell origin (FCO). The FCO signature was developed to estimate the proportion of cells in a mixture of cell types that are of fetal origin and are reminiscent of embryonic stem cell lineage. Here we implemented the FCO signature estimation method to compare the fraction of cells with the FCO signature in tumor tissues and their corresponding nontumor normal tissues.MethodsWe applied our FCO algorithm to discovery data sets obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and replication data sets obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) data repository. Wilcoxon rank sum tests, linear regression models with adjustments for potential confounders and non-parametric randomization-based tests were used to test the association of FCO proportion between tumor tissues and nontumor normal tissues. P-values of < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.ResultsAcross 20 different tumor types we observed a consistently lower FCO signature in tumor tissues compared with nontumor normal tissues, with 18 observed to have significantly lower FCO fractions in tumor tissue (total n = 6,795 tumor, n = 922 nontumor, P < 0.05). We replicated our findings in 15 tumor types using data from independent subjects in 15 publicly available data sets (total n = 740 tumor, n = 424 nontumor, P < 0.05).ConclusionsThe results suggest that cancer development itself is substantially devoid of recapitulation of normal embryologic processes. Our results emphasize the distinction between DNA methylation in normal tightly regulated stem cell driven differentiation and cancer stem cell reprogramming that involves altered methylation in the service of great cell heterogeneity and plasticity
Competitive priorities to address optimisation in biomass value chains: the case of biomass CHP
Policy and industry decision makers place high priority on the contribution of biomass to the emerging low carbon, circular economy. Optimisation of performance, from the perspectives of environmental, social and economic sustainability and resource efficiency, is essential to successful development and operation of biomass value chains. The complexity of value chains, which comprise interrelated stages from land use to conversion and multiple end products, presents challenges. To date, decision makers have approached from the viewpoints of single market sectors or issues, such as market shares of bioeconomy and reduction of carbon emissions to mitigate climate change. This approach does not achieve a full understanding of value chains and their competitive priorities, limits consumer awareness, and poses risks of sub-optimal performance and under-development of potential local capacity. This paper presents a conceptual framework that combines value chain analysis and competitive priority theory with indicators suitable to measure, monitor and interpret sustainability and resource efficiency at value chain level. The case of biomass Combined Heat and Power (CHP) is used to illustrate how optimisation strategies can be focused to address challenges in value chain stages which will lead to better performance and uptake of sustainably sourced, widely accepted biomass options
A New Timepiece: An Epigenetic Mitotic Clock
A new mitotic clock and mathematical approach that incorporates DNA methylation biology common among human cell types provides a new tool for cancer epigenetics research
X-ray absorption spectroscopic analysis of raw and processed hog manure
Non-Peer ReviewedAnaerobic digestion technology is a process that allows livestock producers to generate electricity and heat by digesting manure. Clear-Green Environmental Inc. uses this process to make biogas from hog manure. Raw manure is pumped into a digester where it is digested anaerobically by mesophyllic bacteria. The digested manure is transferred to a dual purpose tank (DPT) which serves as a secondary digester from which the biogas is collected. Carbon is the only nutrient consumed in the digester and the by-product of this process is used in fertilizers. It has not been shown if there is a change in speciation of key elements like nitrogen and phosphorus upon digestion. X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure spectroscopy (XANES) was used to characterize the nitrogen, phosphorous and iron found in raw and digested hog manure. Two detection modes, Total Electron Yield (TEY) and Fluorescence Yield (FY) were used for
data collection. Raw hog manure contained organic nitrogen, phosphates and ferrous iron. Digested hog manure contained organic and inorganic nitrogen, phosphates as well as a mix of ferrous and ferric iron
Solar-like oscillations in the G8 V star tau Ceti
We used HARPS to measure oscillations in the low-mass star tau Cet. Although
the data were compromised by instrumental noise, we have been able to extract
the main features of the oscillations. We found tau Cet to oscillate with an
amplitude that is about half that of the Sun, and with a mode lifetime that is
slightly shorter than solar. The large frequency separation is 169 muHz, and we
have identified modes with degrees 0, 1, 2, and 3. We used the frequencies to
estimate the mean density of the star to an accuracy of 0.45% which, combined
with the interferometric radius, gives a mass of 0.783 +/- 0.012 M_sun (1.6%).Comment: accepted for publication in A&
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