Gender Differences in Academic Performance in a Large Public University in Turkey

The paper attempts to determine whether there are significant gender differences in academic performance among undergraduate students in a large public university in Turkey based on three indicators; university entrance scores, performance in the English preparatory school and in the program the student is majoring in. The paper finds that a smaller number of female students manage to enter the university and when they do so, they enter with lower scores. However, once they are admitted to the university, they excel in their studies and outperform their male counterparts. This result holds after controlling for the field of study and individual attributes.Academic achievement, undergraduate students, gender disparity, Turkey

Pollution Haven Hypothesis and the Role of Dirty Industries in Turkey’s Exports

Pollution haven hypothesis argues that the industries that are highly pollution intensive i.e. dirty industries, have been migrating from developed economies to the developing world. It is argued that the environmental concerns of the developed economies caused them to enact strict environmental regulations, which have increased the cost of production of the dirty industries at home. On the other hand, the developing countries with their low wages and lax environmental regulations have been attractive alternative producers in these sectors. At the same time this migration is also beneficial for developing countries that are in need of financial resources for industrial development. Consequently, developing countries provide pollution havens for dirty industries. In this process while the dirty industries have been migrating to the developing countries, the developed countries also have become net importers of these sectors. In this study the pollution haven argument for Turkey, for 1994-1997 period is examined. The study focuses on the pollution haven hypothesis from trade perspective by looking at the manufacturing industry data at 4-digit ISIC detail by using the panel data approach. It is found that exports increase as the dirtiness of the industries increases, providing some evidence for the pollution haven hypothesis.Turkey, Pollution Haven Hypothesis, environment, manufacturing

Management of primary spontaneous pneumothorax: Our single-center, five-year experience

Background: In this study, we aimed to analyze the effects of admission time to the hospital and different variables on the treatment efficiency and to evaluate the recurrence during the clinical management process in patients with the diagnosis of primary spontaneous pneumothorax. Methods: A total of 149 patients with primary spontaneous pneumothorax (131 males, 18 females; mean age: 24.8 +/- 6.8 years; range, 17 to 35 years) treated in our clinic between January 2015 and December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Time from symptom onset to hospital admission (admission time) was classified as three periods: 72 h. Data including admission time, demographic and clinical characteristics, smoking history, body mass index, the use of pleurectomy or pleural abrasion during surgery were collected from the charts of the patients. Results: Admission time had no statistically significant effect on the length of hospital stay, recurrence, and the need for surgery. Male sex, smoking history, and lower body mass index had no significant effect on the recurrence. Recurrence and length of hospital stay did not significantly differ between the patients in whom pleurectomy or pleural abrasion added to the procedure during the operation. Conclusion: A longer interval between symptom onset and hospital admission and lower body mass index have no adverse effect on treatment outcomes and the recurrence in patients with primary spontaneous pneumothorax. Despite the fact that surgical treatment significantly decreases the recurrence rate, pleurectomy and pleural abrasion techniques have no significant difference on the clinical influence and recurrence of these patients

Intrathoracic pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis associated with Bochdalek hernia and lung hypoplasia

PubMed: 19278858[No abstract available

A case of bilateral spontaneous pneumothorax in a patient with covid-19 pneumonia

One of the rare complications of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), which can present with different clinical pictures, is pneumothorax. In our case, a patient who did not have predisposing risk factors for pneumothorax such as a history of trauma, smoking, past intubations, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and who developed bilateral spontaneous pneumothorax while under treatment with the diagnosis of COVID-19 is presented. Acute worsening in COVID-19 patients may be due to primary disease or pulmonary embolism. With this case, we emphasize the importance of considering spontaneous pneumothorax in patients with acute clinical deterioration

Investigation of surfactant protein-D and interleukin-6 levels in patients with blunt chest trauma with multiple rib fractures and pulmonary contusions: a cross-sectional study in Black Sea Region of Turkey

Cure, Medine Cumhur/0000-0001-9253-6459; cure, erkan/0000-0001-7807-135XWOS: 000391303200084PubMed: 27733410Objective: Multiple rib fractures (RFs) and pulmonary contusions (PCs), with resulting systemic lung inflammation, are the most common injuries caused by blunt chest trauma (BCT) in motor vehicle accidents. This study examined levels of the inflammation marker interleukin (IL)-6 and those of the acute-phase reactant surfactant protein (SP)-D in patients with BCT. Design: Prospective, cross-sectional, observational study. Setting: Single-centre, tertiary care hospital in the Black Sea Region of Turkey. Participants: the study included 60 patients with BCT who were hospitalised in our thoracic surgery department. Parameters measures: the SP-D and IL-6 serum levels of patients with RFs (two or more RFs) (n=30) and patients with PCs (n=30) were measured after 6 hours, 24 hours and 7 days, and compared with those of age-matched and gender-matched healthy participants. Results: the 6-hour serum SP-D levels of the RFs (p=0.017) and PCs (p<0.001) groups were significantly higher than those of the healthy controls. the 24-hour and 7-day SP-D levels of both groups were also higher than the control group. the serum IL-6 levels of both groups were significantly higher than those of the control group. We have found Injury Severity Score to be independently related to 6-hour IL-6 (beta=1.414, p<0.001) and 24-hour IL-6 levels (beta=1.067, p<0.001). the development of complications was independently related to 6-hour SP-D level (beta=0.211, p=0.047). Conclusions: RFs and PCs after BCT lead to local and systemic inflammation due to lung injury. the levels of the systemic inflammation marker IL-6 and those of the acute-phase reactant SP-D were elevated in the present study. the SP-D level may be used as a marker in the follow-up of BCT-related complications.Scientific Research Projects of Recep Tayyip Erdogan University [2013.106.02.2]This study was funded by Scientific Research Projects of Recep Tayyip Erdogan University (project number: 2013.106.02.2)

The protective effect of infliximab against carbon tetrachloride-induced acute lung injury

cure, erkan/0000-0001-7807-135X; Cure, Medine Cumhur/0000-0001-9253-6459WOS: 000380177400015PubMed: 27482351Objective(s): Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) causes pulmonary toxicity. Infliximab (Ib) is a potent inhibitor of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). We aimed to investigate whether Ib has a protective effect on CCl4 induced lung injury. Materials and Methods: Rats were divided into control, CCl4, and CCl4+Ib groups. A single dose of 2 ml/kg CCI4 was administered to CCI4 group and a single dose of 7 mg/kg Ib was given to CCl4+Ib group 24 hr before applying CCI4. Results: TNF-alpha, malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) and caspase-3 levels of the CCl4 group were markedly higher than both the control and CCl4+Ib groups. the CCI4+Ib group had lower histopathological injury than the CCl4 group. Conclusion: Ib as a strong TNF-alpha blocker decreases the production of proinflammatory cytokines, MDA, and oxidative stress leading to a protective effect against CCl4 induced lung tissue injury

The people of Afet Ilgaz's novels

Romanı oluşturan unsurlarda şahıs, olay, mekân ve zamanın üzerindedir. Tanzimat'tan günümüze kadar hızlı bir yükseliş gösteren Türk romanında yazarlar unutulmayacak derecede gerçekçi şahıslar oluşturmuştur. Cumhuriyet Edebiyatı'nın 1960'tan sonraki bölümlerinde romanlarıyla varlık sahasında olan Afet Ilgaz'ın oluşturduğu şahıslar da bunlara dâhil edilebilir. Bu çalışmamızda amacımız Afet Ilgaz'ın romanlarındaki şahısları değerlendirmektir. Giriş kısmında romanın Afet Ilgaz'ın özel ve edebî hayatına, sanat anlayışına dair kısa bilgi verdik. İkinci bölümde Afet Ilgaz'ın yazdığı on bir roman hakkında bilgi ve onların özetlerine, şahısların romanlarda anlatıldığı şekilde özelliklerine yer verdik Üçüncü kısımda bu şahısları sınıfladık. Romanlardaki şahısları kurgudaki yerlerine göre, tip ve karakter oluşlarına göre ayrı ayrı ele aldık. Roman şahıslarının hem birbirlerine hem de yazara olan benzerliklerini tesbit ettik. Sonuç bölümünde ise elde ettiğimiz verileri kısaca anlattık. In the components of the novel,the character is above the event,place and the time.The writers has created so real characters that cannot be forgotten in Turkish novel which improved fast from the administirative reforms to the present day. In Republic literature after 1960 presented in novel asset with her novels, Afet Ilgaz,and her created characters may also said among these.Our mission in this study to evaluate the characters in Afet Ilgaz's novels. In the prologue of the novel,we gave some informations about Afet Ilgaz's personal and literacy life also artisty life. In the second part we gave way to some information about eleven novels, summary of them, and the features of the characters however told in the novels that Afet Ilgaz wrote. In the third part,we classified these characters. We took up the characters differently according to their places in the editing and according to their being a person or a character in the novel. Also we established the similarities of the people to each other and to the author in the novel. In conclusion part we talked briefly about the datas we got

Determination of some nutrient elements in solid vermicompost obtained from red california wormfeeding with brewed tea waste and domestic food waste

Bu çalışmada, demlenmiş çay atığı ve evsel yemek atıkları ile beslemenin Kırmızı Kalifornia solucanından elde edilen katı solucan gübresindeki (vermikompostaki) bazı besin elementlere etkisi araştırılmıştır. Bu çalışma, ülkemizde evsel yemek atıklarından Kırmızı Kalifornia solucanı ile katı solucan gübresinin elde edilmesi için yapılan ilk araştırmadır. Bu çalışmada, altı farklı besi ortamında rastgele yönteme göre üç tekrarlı deneme deseni uygulanmıştır. Bu amaçla, denemelerin her birine başlangıç ağırlıkları belirlenen besi ortamları ve bu besi ortamlarının içine ağırlıkları tespit edilen30'ar adet solucan eklenmiştir.1 ay arayla deneme kaplarındaki solucanlar sayılmış, ağırlıkları belirlendikten sonra tekrar deneme kaplarına bırakılmıştır. Sekiz haftadan sonra solucan gübreleri alınmış ve hava kurusu hale getirildikten sonra analiz edilmiştir. En yüksek solucan sayısı ve ağırlığına E (% 50 demlenmiş çay atığı + % 50 inek gübresi) besi ortamında rastlanmıştır. Yemek atıklarının ? % 50 olduğu besi ortamlarında(B, C, F) solucanlar ölmüştür. Besi ortamlarından elde edilen solucan gübresindeki en yüksek N değerine (% 2,16) % 100 demlenmiş çay atığından elde edilen solucan gübresinde, en yüksek P, K, Ca, Zn, Cu, Fe, Mg değerleri ve pH'a % 50 demlenmiş çay atığı + % 50 inek gübresinden elde edilen solucan gübresinde, en yüksek Mn değerine % 40 demlenmiş çay atığı + % 40 yemek atığı + % 20inek gübresinden elde edilen solucan gübresinde rastlanmıştır. Farklı besi ortamı olarak tercih edilen organik atıkların kompoze süresinin solucan ağırlığı, sayısı ve meydana gelen solucan gübresinin bazı besin elementlerine etkisi olduğu söylenebilmektedir. Dolayısıyla; kompoze yöntemi, zaman ve besi ortamı açısından yeni araştırmalara ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. In this study, the effect of feeding with brewed tea waste and domestic food waste on the number and weight of Red California Worm and some nutrient elements of vermicompost were investigated. This study is the first research to obtain solid vermicompost with Red California Worm from domestic food waste in our country. In this study, three repeating trial designs were applied in six different media according to random method.For this purpose, the feeds assignedinitialweights and 30 worms in the these feeds were added in the each of the experiments. The worms were counted in trial containers in every 4 week, after their weights were determined, they were returned to the containers. After eight weeks, vermicompost were removed and analyzed later air drying. The highest number and the heaviest weight of worms were found in the medium of E (brewed tea waste 50 % + cow dung 50 %). Worms were mortality in food waste (? 50 %) in the mediums(B, C, F). The highest N value(2.16 %) was determined in the vermicompost which formed growth media brewed tea waste (100 %), the highest P, K, Ca, Zn, Cu, Fe, Mg values and pH were determined in the vermicompost which formed growth media brewed tea waste (50 %) + cow dung (50 %), and the highest Mn value was determined in the vermicompost which formed growth media brewed tea waste (40 %) + food waste (40 %) + cow dung (20 %), respectively. The effect of composition time of organic waste materials as different media should be considered on the weight and number of worms and certain nutrient elements of vermicompost. Therefore, there is need to new research for composition method, time and growth media