Catalytic Performance of One-Pot Synthesized Fe-MWW Layered Zeolites (MCM-22, MCM-36, and ITQ-2) in Selective Catalytic Reduction of Nitrogen Oxides with Ammonia

[EN] The application of layered zeolites of MWW topology in environmental catalysis has attracted growing attention in recent years; however, only a few studies have explored their performance in selective catalytic reduction with ammonia (NH3-SCR). Thus, our work describes, for the first time, the one-pot synthesis of Fe-modified NH3-SCR catalysts supported on MCM-22, MCM-36, and ITQ-2. The calculated chemical composition of the materials was Si/Al of 30 and 5 wt.% of Fe. The reported results indicated a correlation between the arrangement of MWW layers and the form of iron in the zeolitic structure. We have observed that one-pot synthesis resulted in high dispersion of Fe3+ sites, which significantly enhanced low-temperature activity and prevented N2O generation during the reaction. All of the investigated samples exhibited almost 100% NO conversion at 250 degrees C. The most satisfactory activity was exhibited by Fe-modified MCM-36, since 50% of NO reduction was obtained at 150 degrees C for this catalyst. This effect can be explained by the abundance of isolated Fe3+ species, which are active in low-temperature NH3-SCR. Additionally, SiO2 pillars present in MCM-36 provided an additional surface for the deposition of the active phase.Agnieszka Szymaszek-Wawryca gratefully acknowledges the financial support of the research from the National Science Centre Grant, Preludium 19 (no. 2020/37/N/ST5/00186). Monika Motak would like to kindly acknowledge AGH Grant "Excellence Initiative-Research University" (no. 501.696.7996) for the financial support. Bogdan Samojeden is thankful to AGH Grant (no. 16.16.210.476) for the foundation of the publication. Urbano Diaz acknowledges the support from the Government of Spain through the project PID2020-112590GB-C21/AEI/10.13039/501100011033.Szymaszek-Wawryca, A.; Díaz Morales, UM.; Samojeden, B.; Motak, M. (2022). Catalytic Performance of One-Pot Synthesized Fe-MWW Layered Zeolites (MCM-22, MCM-36, and ITQ-2) in Selective Catalytic Reduction of Nitrogen Oxides with Ammonia. Molecules. 27(9):1-24. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules2709298312427

Architectural Transformations of the Basilica of Saints Cosmas and Damian in Rome. The concept of a project of visualization

The project presented aims to develop knowledge about the history of the Basilica of Saints Cosmas and Damian in Rome in the form of visualization. The concept described is an attempt to exploit the advantages of visual representation offered by information technology in the study of historical monuments. The issues related to computer visualization of cultural heritage indicate a need to establish a reference model for the project, which will increase the sustainability of its results and facilitate access to them. Implementation of this model in the database of source materials, which is discussed in the text, forms a documentation of the current state of work. Particular attention was given to resources essential for understanding of spatial relationships in the building, such as iconographic and historical descriptions of the basilica. This survey determined that extensive material exists, which can provide data for the visualization

Przemiany architektoniczne bazyliki świętych Kosmy i Damiana w Rzymie. Propozycja projektu wizualizacji

The project presented aims to develop knowledge about the history of the Basilica of Saints Cosmas and Damian in Rome in the form of visualization. The concept described is an attempt to exploit the advantages of visual representation offered by information technology in the study of historical monuments. The issues related to computer visualization of cultural heritage indicate a need to establish a reference model for the project, which will increase the sustainability of its results and facilitate access to them. Implementation of this model in the database of source materials, which is discussed in the text, forms a documentation of the current state of work. Particular attention was given to resources essential for understanding of spatial relationships in the building, such as iconographic and historical descriptions of the basilica. This survey determined that extensive material exists, which can provide data for the visualization

The application of modified layered double hydroxides in selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides by ammonia (NH3-SCR)

Selective catalytic reduction with ammonia (NH3-SCR) is very efficient DeNOx technique. According to some problems with the commercial catalyst, novel one should be prepared. Hydrotalcites are potential precursors of the new catalysts of NH3-SCR. In this paper, several attempts to apply these materials in NH3-SCR are presented

The application of modified layered double hydroxides in selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides by ammonia (NH3-SCR)

Selective catalytic reduction with ammonia (NH3-SCR) is very efficient DeNOx technique. According to some problems with the commercial catalyst, novel one should be prepared. Hydrotalcites are potential precursors of the new catalysts of NH3-SCR. In this paper, several attempts to apply these materials in NH3-SCR are presented

Selective catalytic reduction of NO,sub>x</sub> with ammonia (NH₃-SCR) over transition metal-based catalysts -influence of the catalysts support

Natural layered clays (bentonite and vermiculite) and natural zeolite (clinoptilolite) were tested and compared as the supports of the catalysts forselective catalytic reduction withammonia (NH3-SCR). The raw materials were modified in order to improve their catalytic properties. Layered clays were treated with HNO3 and intercalated with Al2O3 pillars to enhance their acidity, porosity and specific surface area. Clinoptilolite was ion-exchanged with NH4NO3 in order to increase the content of Brönsted acid sites, indispensablefor NH3 adsorptionduring the reaction. Subsequently, iron as an active phase was deposited on the modified supports by various methods, including incipient wetness impregnation, ion-exchange and co-precipitation. The efficiency of these methods was compared as NOx conversionobtained for each material. XRD analysis indicated that the initial modifications affected the structure of the raw aluminosilicates. FT-IR measurement confirmed the presence of characteristic Si-O and Al-O bonds and H2O molecules that occurnaturally in the materials. UV-Vis spectroscopy results indicated that different types of Fe species were deposited on the catalysts surface and theirform strongly depends on the type of the support. NH3-SCR catalytic tests showedthat all of the analyzed materials exhibitsatisfactory level of NO conversion and negligible concentration of by-product (N2O) in the exhaust gas. The highest catalytic activity (ca. 50% at 170°C and over 95% above 250°C) was obtained for Fe-Bent. The lowest concentration of N2O in the flue gas (less than 5 ppm in the whole temperature range) was observed for Fe-Clin

Participatory Design with Preschool Children: A Smartphone Application Concept

This paper presents experiences of the design process of a mobile application concept addressed to children of 5-6 years old. The work was an attempt to approach an interaction design problem from a child-centered design perspective within the scope of a student project. The project was realized during an 8 weeks course run by the Gothenburg Working Group for Interaction Design and Children. Several methods aimed for the intended user group were employed and adapted for the project’s needs, such as “Mission from Mars” and peer tutoring. The process involved participation of young users in co-design and evaluation sessions, that both took place in the natural setting of a preschool. A concept for a Christmas calendar application was developed during the project. The application consists of simple click and play mini-games, that are revealed day-by-day as time progresses. The games aim to encourage children exploration and counting skills as well as they build continuous narrative around Christmas related characters. The project was aimed to apply child-centered methods and to learn from their realization in context of a concept development of an application addressed to children

Off the Cuff – an improvisation game supporting face-to-face interaction

This paper presents the design of the Off the Cuff mobile application aimed to support face-to-face interaction. Off the Cuff is a multiplayer game in which one person tells an improvised story including words given by other players. The concept for the app is based on playful exercises used in improvisation theater. The app is used to manage the game, so participants can focus on the story. We describe our design process from a concept to a fully functional prototype, discuss the results and point to possible directions of future development

Modified bentonite-derived materials as catalystsfor selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides

In the last few years, cationic layered clays, including bentonites have been investigated as potentialcatalysts for SCR DeNOxsystems. In this work, bentonite as the representative of layered clays wasmodified in order to obtain an alternative, low-cost NH3–SCR catalyst. Samples of raw clay wereactivated with HCl or HNO3, treated with C2H2O4and subsequently pillared with alumina by the ion-exchange. Afterwards, the modified materials were impregnated with iron and copper. The obtainedcatalysts were characterized by XRD and FT-IR. SCR catalytic tests carried out over analyzed samplesindicated the conversion of NO of approximately 90% for the most active sample. The type of acidused for modification and the type of active phase strongly influenced the catalytic properties of theanalyzed materials