A global experiment on motivating social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic

Finding communication strategies that effectively motivate social distancing continues to be a global public health priority during the COVID-19 pandemic. This cross-country, preregistered experiment (n = 25,718 from 89 countries) tested hypotheses concerning generalizable positive and negative outcomes of social distancing messages that promoted personal agency and reflective choices (i.e., an autonomy-supportive message) or were restrictive and shaming (i.e., a controlling message) compared with no message at all. Results partially supported experimental hypotheses in that the controlling message increased controlled motivation (a poorly internalized form of motivation relying on shame, guilt, and fear of social consequences) relative to no message. On the other hand, the autonomy-supportive message lowered feelings of defiance compared with the controlling message, but the controlling message did not differ from receiving no message at all. Unexpectedly, messages did not influence autonomous motivation (a highly internalized form of motivation relying on one’s core values) or behavioral intentions. Results supported hypothesized associations between people’s existing autonomous and controlled motivations and self-reported behavioral intentions to engage in social distancing. Controlled motivation was associated with more defiance and less long-term behavioral intention to engage in social distancing, whereas autonomous motivation was associated with less defiance and more short- and long-term intentions to social distance. Overall, this work highlights the potential harm of using shaming and pressuring language in public health communication, with implications for the current and future global health challenges

A global experiment on motivating social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic

Finding communication strategies that effectively motivate social distancing continues to be a global public health priority during the COVID-19 pandemic. This cross-country, preregistered experiment (n = 25,718 from 89 countries) tested hypotheses concerning generalizable positive and negative outcomes of social distancing messages that promoted personal agency and reflective choices (i.e., an autonomy-supportive message) or were restrictive and shaming (i.e. a controlling message) compared to no message at all. Results partially supported experimental hypotheses in that the controlling message increased controlled motivation (a poorly-internalized form of motivation relying on shame, guilt, and fear of social consequences) relative to no message. On the other hand, the autonomy-supportive message lowered feelings of defiance compared to the controlling message, but the controlling message did not differ from receiving no message at all. Unexpectedly, messages did not influence autonomous motivation (a highly-internalized form of motivation relying on one’s core values) or behavioral intentions. Results supported hypothesized associations between people’s existing autonomous and controlled motivations and self-reported behavioral intentions to engage in social distancing: Controlled motivation was associated with more defiance and less long-term behavioral intentions to engage in social distancing, whereas autonomous motivation was associated with less defiance and more short- and long-term intentions to social distance. Overall, this work highlights the potential harm of using shaming and pressuring language in public health communication, with implications for the current and future global health challenges

Black Americans

ix, 321 p. ; 21 cm

It's of a jolly . . .in London did dwell

Cobbler entertains lady in her home and is apprehended by her husband, the butcher

Black americans

vi, 321 hlm,; ilus ; 20 c

Memahami dan menikmati jazz

Dengan membaca buku ini maka akan diajak menelusuri sejarah jazz yang berliku mulai dari kemunculan swing dan big band, kebangkitan bepop, perpecahan kubu tradisional dan avant garde hingga perkembangan terkini drum'n' bass dan neo swing. Selain itu ia mengeksplorasi peran rhythm section, menganalisis teknik-teknik di balik improvisasi jazz dan merunut tekanan-tekanan sosial yang mengarah pad amarginalisasi musik ini di kota-kota besar dunia pada tahun 1970an.xi, 274 hal. ; 23 c

Down in [Lamilina?] restaurant, a hobo chanced to stray

Hobo steals beans and is chased by "cop"

Come all you jolly hunters who are gathered here today

Man shoots dove, RCMP comes to arrest him

I'll sing you a song if you'll all pay attention

A girl gets married and has a confrontation with her jilted boyfriend.Laws, ABBB, P31; Mercer: Greenleaf, p. 155; Karpeles (1934), p. 134; Karpeles (1971), p. 124; Peacock, p. 691