Assessment of Water Quality in the Molnár János Cave – Budapest, Hungary

Molnár János Cave (MJC) is the only underwater cave and the only active one in the Buda Thermal Karst system (BTK). At MJC, there is a large amount of water that can be considered as a possible source of drinking water. We evaluated the physical and chemical parameters of the cave water to understand natural and possible anthropogenic interference in water quality. Therefore, measurements of temperature and chemical compositions were performed for dripwaters and water from the cave conduits over a four-year period and compared to historical data. Statistical analysis of the produced data revealed yearly changes as well seasonal periodicity in the component ion concentrations. In the case of dripwaters, we observed a periodicity that revealed information about the origin of the dripwater. For the first time, we had identified seasonal variations in conduit waters. Previous studies only analyzed water at the entrance of the cave. Then, this research focuses on the water from the newly discovered inner passages

Implementing Cost-effective Co-treatment of Domestic and Food-industrial Wastewater by Novel Methods for Estimating Industrial Load

Detection and characterization of hidden industrial inflows causing high fluctuations of the inlet load, is a challenging issue pushing plant operators for a cost-effective solution at regional wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). On the other hand, carbon source of food industrial origin may have a good use at WWTPs facing otherwise inlet carbon source deficiency.In a case study of a regional domestic WWTP receiving seasonally organic carbon-rich discharge from a fruit juice factory, a new method combining on-site measurements and mathematical modelling was developed and successfully applied for estimating the quality and quantity of both industrial influent load and incoming domestic wastewater streams properly. The originally un-staged bioreactor system operated at low dissolved oxygen (low DO) concentration was unable to meet effluent nitrogen requirements with an additional constant risk of encouraging filament growth. A novel screening method based on special sampling campaigns for estimating carbon availability and C:N ratios of influent wastewater streams coming separately from the large catchment area, was developed and applied. Staging of the previously low DO basins into a flexible system containing non-aerated selectors proved to be efficient for enhancing both biological nitrogen removal and sculpturing appropriately settling biomass

A termékenység és a társadalmi státusz közötti kapcsolat a rendszerváltozás után Magyarországon különös tekintettel a jövedelemre, az iskolai végzettségre, a lakóhelyre és annak fejlettségére = The relationship between fertility and social status in Hungary after the change in the political, socio-economic regime with special reference to income, educational attainment, residence and its level of infrastructure development

Minél magasabb a társadalmi státusz, annál alacsonyabb a termékenység, Budapesten azonban a magasabb társadalmi státuszhoz járul a magasabb termékenység. Ökológiai megközelítésben egyrészt a TTA, másrészt a társadalmi státuszt meghatározó mutatók közötti kapcsolat szorosságát tekintve legerősebb magyarázó ereje a humán fejlettségi mutatónak és a születéskor várható élettartamnak van, majd az egy főre jutó adóköteles jövedelem, végül a felsőfokú végzettségűek százalékos aránya a 25 éves és idősebb népességben következik. A humán fejlettségi mutató (HFM) azt mutatja, hogy minél kisebb a kistérségek népességének átlagos lélekszáma, annál alacsonyabb a mutató értéke. A régiók közül Észak-Alföld, a megyék között Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén, a nagyvárosok között Miskolc HFM-je a legalacsonyabb. | There is an inverse relationship between fertility and social status in the country as a whole, but the relationship is direct in Budapest. In an ecological approach the strongest correlation can be found on the one hand between fertility on the other in order the modified human development index (HDI), life expectancy at birth, the gross income per capita and the proportion of people with the highest level of educational attainment in the population aged 25 years and above. The HDI shows that smaller the population size of the small statistical-planning units the lower the HDI. The HDI is lowest in the Northern Plain region, in Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén county and among the large cities in Miskolc

Fenyegetett helyzetben a szociológia?!

1. A magyar szociológia új útja — és ami a múltból felhasználható 2. Látlelet — némi távolságból 3. "Vannak tudományok, amelyeknek örök ifjúság az osztályrészük" 4. Az autonómia ára 5. A Társaság szemével nézv