The Grave Barrier Reef

The Great Barrier Reef, located off the Northern East coast of Australia, has been experiencing significant levels of coral bleaching since 1998 when it experienced its first major bleaching. When water temperatures rise due to climate change, corals lose their bright colors and turn white. Once a coral is bleached, it becomes more vulnerable to other factors, increasing its chance of mortality. Greenhouse gas emissions have been seen to be one of the major factors that lead to climate change. The Australian and Queensland governments have put many different acts and policies into place to protect the Great Barrier Reef from dying at such a fast rate, and to try and decrease the greenhouse gas emissions that are released into the atmosphere.https://digitalcommons.salve.edu/glo100/1000/thumbnail.jp

Liriodendron tulipifera (Tulip Tree) #358

https://digitalcommons.salve.edu/bio140_arboretum/1032/thumbnail.jp

Liriodendron tulipifera (Tulip Tree) #358

https://digitalcommons.salve.edu/bio140_arboretum/1032/thumbnail.jp

Immunostimulation with oral vaccines for prevention and treatment of respiratory tract infections

The respiratory system is susceptible to unfavourable effects of biological and non-biological factors. In the protection against infectious agents, the immune system plays a crucial role thanks to close cooperation of specific (acquired) and non-specific (natural, innate) immune mechanisms. A non-specific response actively supports specific response mechanisms. This enables effective protection of our body against infections, both at the stage when pathogens reach the organism and after their penetration into tissues. A stimulation with microbial antigens leads to the activation of specific immunity mechanisms: humoral and cell-mediated responses. In the humoral response, specific immunoglobulins of various classes are involved to protect from recurrent infections. The knowledge of immunity development enables immune system stimulation with pharmaceutical products. The most common immunostimulants are non-specific and specific bacterial vaccines. The main goal of vaccines is the protection of healthy individuals against infections. Conventional prophylactic vaccines are immunogenic products. They contain a combination of extracts of various bacteria, usually ones that are aetiological factors of upper respiratory tract infections. Non-specific vaccines are administered to provoke a specific immune response towards antigens contained in the vaccine. They are bacterial immunostimulants acting mainly by stimulation and mobilisation of host defensive mechanisms. They improve antibacterial serum properties by increasing the level of natural antibodies. If needed, these reactions should be easily stimulated by a pathogen present in nature and should effectively neutralize or limit the disease. In patients who have been treated with a non-specific vaccine, decreased numbers of episodes of respiratory tract infections as well lower antibiotic intake were noted

The Grave Barrier Reef

The Great Barrier Reef, located off the Northern East coast of Australia, has been experiencing significant levels of coral bleaching since 1998 when it experienced its first major bleaching. When water temperatures rise due to climate change, corals lose their bright colors and turn white. Once a coral is bleached, it becomes more vulnerable to other factors, increasing its chance of mortality. Greenhouse gas emissions have been seen to be one of the major factors that lead to climate change. The Australian and Queensland governments have put many different acts and policies into place to protect the Great Barrier Reef from dying at such a fast rate, and to try and decrease the greenhouse gas emissions that are released into the atmosphere.https://digitalcommons.salve.edu/glo100/1000/thumbnail.jp

Numerical investigations of influence of additional lending gear fastener on original navy helicopter structure

W artykule zaprezentowano opis prac związanych z numeryczną analizą elementów wzmacniających podwozie śmigłowca morskiego. Podczas eksploatacji śmigłowca stwierdzono odkształcenia konstrukcji względem pierwotnej geometrii, aby powstrzymać pogłębianie się tych zmian zaproponowano wprowadzenie zastrzałów. W pracy zaprezentowano wykorzystanie modelu globalnego i modeli lokalnych MES oraz sposób weryfikacji obliczeń numerycznych z wykorzystaniem pomiarów tensometrycznych.In this paper, numerical investigations of additional lending gear fastener on the original navy helicopter structure is presented. During the years of helicopters exploitation, their structures got same deformations comparing to the original shape. To prevent further deformation in the area close to the lending gear attachments, additional fasteners have been fixed. Numerical calculations were carried out to prove an idea of critical region strengthening. These calculations were complemented by strain measurements on the real helicopter