22 research outputs found
Dissimilar impact of type 2 diabetes on cardiovascular outcomes according to age categories: a nationwide population study from Hungary
BACKGROUND: The excess risks of mortality and cardiovascular morbidity among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is well known. In this nationwide study, we assessed risks of mortality and cardiovascular events comparing patients with T2DM and matched controls. METHODS: We identified patients with T2DM in a retrospective cohort study using the database of the National Health Insurance Fund between 1 January 2010 and 31 December, 2013. Controls were randomly included and matched according to age, gender, and zip code of residence. Patients were divided into subgroups according to age decades for outcome analyses. RESULTS: During the mean follow-up period of 2.3 years, 152,678 patients with T2DM and 305,356 matched controls were included. Patients with T2DM showed significantly higher risk for all-cause mortality (HR 1.26, 95% CI 1.22-1.29, p < 0.0001), myocardial infarction (HR 1.81, 95% CI 1.69-1.94, p < 0.0001) and stroke (HR 1.40, 95% CI 1.35-1.46, p < 0.0001) compared to matched controls. The higher risk associated with T2DM for mortality, myocardial infarction and stroke differed significantly between age groups (pinteraction < 0.05 for all outcomes) with significantly higher risk observed in younger patients. CONCLUSIONS: The risk of cardiovascular outcomes and all-cause mortality is significantly higher in patients with T2DM. Notably, the relative hazard increases with decreasing age suggesting that younger patients with T2DM should receive more attention for cardiovascular prevention
Pseudouridylation defect due to DKC1 and NOP10 mutations causes nephrotic syndrome with cataracts, hearing impairment, and enterocolitis
Research UK Innovation and Project; Cancer Research U
Pest Control: from Chemical Ecology to Evolution. A Hungarian Perspective
From 1880, the year of funding the
National Phylloxera Research Station, the predecessor of the present Department
of Zoology of the Plant Protection Institute, the main thrust of entomological
research was towards solving practical problems in agriculture, which mission
governs our recent activity and guides our plans for the future. Our studies on
the behaviour of herbivorous insects have shown that oligophagy is mainly due
to the sensitivity of the insects'
chemosensory system to deterrent chemicals occurring in the non-host plants.
This enables the use of antifeedants in pest control. In field experiments the
insects found their hosts largely by chance, which has implications for crop
rotation. The ability of learning in some herbivorous insect species has been
demonstrated. It may result in induced preference for some otherwise avoided
plants. Ecological studies indicated that predispersal seed predators do not
necessarily affect plant population dynamics and that there is no interspecific
competition among them. Studying the presumable processes that drive the
evolution of insect-plant associations resulted in elaborating the theory of
sequential evolution instead of the theory of coevolution. In course of 30 year
studies, female-produced sex pheromones were evidenced in behavioural studies,
isolated, and chemically identified in cooperations with organic chemical
laboratories, for a few dozens of lepidopterous species. Related sex
attractants were established by means of field trappings for further dozens of
species. Based on these results, the role of sex pheromones in maintaining
reproductive isolation between taxonomically closely related, sympatric
species, as well as the chemotaxonomical value of sex attractants in higher
taxa of Lepidoptera are discussed. As a result of our studies on Elateridae
(Coleoptera) we developed and optimized pheromone baits and traps for catching
males of all important pest Agriotes click beetles in Central and Western
Europe. The most effective pheromone combinations for each species were tested
in a Europe-wide comparative effort, giving information on the probable
importance of the respective species in the respective area. In Scarabaeidae
(Coleoptera) we discovered sex attractants for 3 species of the genus Anomala,
and floral attractants for 4 species of the subfamily Cetoniinae, all orchard
pests damaging fruits or flowers. Traps were developed for these scarabs taking
into consideration the optimal visual and chemical cues for each respective
species. The trap and bait combinations show preliminary evidence that their
use for direct control through mass trapping is possible. Among chrysomelid
beetles, new trap types were developed for the western corn rootworm Diabrotica
v. virgifera. These trap types are widely used in Europe for the detection and
monitoring of the pest. Most recent results concern the relationships between
host-plant related and pheromonal communication in flea beetles (Phyllotreta
spp.)
Family History - BMD Independently - Influences Fracture Risk
CONTEXT: Parental history of osteoporosis is associated with an increased risk of fracture. However, there are not many data on the mechanism of action. Our objective was to determine if heredity influences fracture rate: independently or through the bone mineral density; to identify also the strongest independent risk factors of osteoporotic fractures among our study population. METHODS: We processed data of 541 women outpatients with an average age of 55 years, participating in an osteoporosis screening program. Our results confirm that the presence of family history significantly increases fracture prevalence, (37% vs. 17%, p<0.001, OR 2.853, p=0.001) and decreases BMD scores. Fractures occur at higher (better) T and Z-scores. The risk of having T values in the range of (0- -1) and Z values in (-1--2) is much higher in the positive group. The logistic regression analysis confirms the BMD-independent influence of heredity on fracture risk. CONCLUSIONS: Parental history of osteoporosis negatively affects bone density and significantly increases the incidence of fractures. The latter happens also independently of the bone density values. Timely intervention in these easy-to-detect cases may be the most effective prevention of osteoporotic fractures
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Fluvial magnetic susceptibility as a proxy for long-term variations of mountain permafrost development in the Alp-Carpathian region
Low field magnetic susceptibility (MS) records of 13 reference boreholes representing the whole Quaternary fluvial succession of the Great Hungarian Plain were correlated to develop regional stratigraphy. Data from 12 of
the boreholes were published between 2016 and 2020, the Tiszainoka borehole is newly reported in this paper. Eleven magnetic susceptibility cycles, capped by the most emergent master MS peaks (MP) and bordered by susceptibility termination surfaces, have been correlated. Supported by the already evaluated palaeomagnetic reversals and instability events, MPs have been correlated to the cold stages of the marine isotope stage (MIS)
records. MPs represent MIS 104, 100, 98, 82, 60, 52, 34(-36) and 26 of increased heavy oxygen isotope value, constituting the significant Early Pleistocene glaciations, and MIS 18, 16, 12, 8, 6 and 2 mostly representing the substantial Middle and Upper Pleistocene European glaciation events. The interpretation of early postglacial fluvial MS maxima, that emphasise the escape of weathering-sensitive magnetic minerals from the catchment
area triggered by the thawing of mountain permafrost, is confirmed by the correlation of MPs to the changes of the global ice volume. As a result, fluvial MS records can be considered as a proxy for mountain permafrost
development in the catchment areas. Regional correlations confirmed that the Körös and Jåszsåg Basins and the Makó Trough are sites of almost continuous fluvial records of the past 2600 ka. Thus, the Pannonian Quaternary fluvial succession is sufficiently complete to provide satisfactory record of mountain permafrost development of the Alp-Carpathian region the latter being a globally relevant European representative of mid-latitude mountain regions. The similarity of the Pannonian fluvial MS succession as a permafrost proxy to the marine ice-rafted detritus (IRD) and Chinese loess/palaeosol MS records promises the possibility of comparative investigations of globally relevant proxy records and mid-latitude mountain permafrost development
Effect of a dietary supplement containing blueberry and sea buckthorn concentrate on antioxidant capacity in type 1 diabetic children
Many studies have shown that oxidative stress plays an important role in the etiology of diabetes and its
complications. New methods of treatment for prevention and control of this disease is a priority for the
international scientific community. Methods: We investigated the relationship between the glycated hemoglobin, C peptide and two
antioxidant enzymes. Thirty type 1 diabetic children were treated with a blueberry and sea buckthorn
concentrate for two months. Results: After two months of administering the product to diabetic children, the erythrocyte
superoxide dismutase activity was significantly higher (p<0.05). Levels of glycated hemoglobin were
significantly lower (p<0.05). The activity of whole blood glutathione peroxidase was moderately
increased but the difference was not statistically si
gnificant. C peptide concentration was significantly
higher after treatment with this dietary supplement (p<0.05).Conclusion:
These results suggest that treatment with this dietary supplement has a beneficial
effect in the treatment of type 1 diabetic children and it should be considered as a phytotherapeutic
product in the fight against diabetes mellitus
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Obliquity-driven mountain permafrost-related fluvial magnetic susceptibility cycles in the Quaternary mid-latitude long-term (2.5 Ma) fluvial Maros Fan in the Pannonian Basin
Magnetic susceptibility (SUS) of the Quaternary long-term mid-latitude Maros fluvial fan (Pannonian Basin) was recorded to understand the stratigraphic features of source proximal fluvial depositional settings. Three fully cored 500 m deep boreholes were sampled with 0.5 m intervals; low field and frequency dependent magnetic susceptibility were measured, and complementary hysteresis and SEM-EDAX investigations were performed on selected samples. Logged SUS data were also used to log correlations established by a comparison of wireline log and laboratory measurements. The time-series analyses of the SUS records reveal the apparent occurrence of the ~41 ka frequency together with the customary ~100 ka cycles. Towards the source-distal sections the intensity of the ~41 ka cycles decreases, while that of the ~100 ka cycles remains strong. Stratigraphic and spectral similarities were observed between fluvial fan and loess SUS records ; however, based on complementary magnetic data, the magnetic phase of the Maros Fan sections is related to the detrital magnetite that originates from the catchment during early postglacial permafrost degradations. The amplification of the ~41 ka cycles revealed can be attributed to the very high SUS values in source proximal settings and to the special stratigraphic feature of the distributive fluvial settings. This comprises the increased avulsion frequency on the fluvial fans in âglacial recession periodsâ, in concert with the âearly postglacialâ occurrence of the permafrost-related magnetite originated from the catchment. As a local phenomenon, this is significant since it records the obliquity-driven variations of permafrost development in a catchment. However, fluvial and alluvial fans are widespread depositional landforms within the Eurasian Mountains and were possibly the same during the Quaternary deglaciations. Thus, obliquity-driven SUS variations of source-proximal fan deposits attached or adjacent to regions of loess deposition should also be considered when scanning for potential source material of aeolian deposits
Probing the [beta]-pocket of the active site of human liver glycogen phosphorylase with 3-(C-[beta]-D-glucopyranosyl)-5-(4-substituted-phenyl)-1, 2, 4-triazole inhibitors
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