Temperature Dependence and Anisotropic Effects in the Thermal Properties of Hen Egg-White Lysozyme Crystals

We measured the thermal conductivity (λ) and thermal diffusivity (α) of tetragonal hen egg-white lysozyme (HEWL) crystals by the transient short-hot wire method. The crystals were grown by two different methods: Magnetically levitated crystals were realized with a superconducting magnet, the c-axis of which was perpendicularly orientated in the direction of the wire, and naturally grown crystals realized by the two-liquid method, grown randomly. We confirmed the temperature dependence in both the λ and α properties by measuring the variations in temperature and by statistical analysis. These properties differed slightly depending on the presence or absence of a magnetic field applied during the crystal growth. We hypothesize that the difference originated from the orientation of the crystals caused by the magnetic field. The statistical analyses demonstrated the possibility that asymmetric thermal conduction in the protein crystals provides anisotropic effects of the thermal properties

4. Structural phase transitions of lipid monoolein cubic phases induced by protein lysozyme molecules confined in nano-channels of the cubic phases(poster presentation,Soft Matter as Structured Materials)

この論文は国立情報学研究所の電子図書館事業により電子化されました。脂質の一種であるモノオレインは、過剰な水の存在下でPn3mの対称性をもつ立方相を形成する。この立方相はナノメートルサイズの「水路」を内部にもち、そこにタンパク質を取り込むことができる。我々は、このような微小空間に拘束されたタンパク質溶液における結晶化が、通常の溶液よりも促進されることを見いだしてきた。本発表では、タンパク質の存在によって立方相が受ける構造変化をX線小角散乱法によって調べた結果を報告する

The isothermal and velocity distributions of magnetothermal convection in cases E, F, G, and H cross-sectioned with <i>Z</i> = 0 plane and <i>θ</i> = 0 plane.

<p>The figure numbers E to H correspond to each case. Pr and Ra are 6.0 and 7000, respectively. The magnitudes of γ were set at −1.25471×10⁻⁴ in cases E and H, and at −6.27353×10⁻⁵ in cases F and G. Ra_m of cases E to H corresponds to 0, 3500, 10500, and 14000, respectively.</p

Magnetothermal Convection of Water with the Presence or Absence of a Magnetic Force Acting on the Susceptibility Gradient - Fig 1

<p>(a) is a schematic illustration of the positional relationship between the cylindrical vessel and the solenoidal superconducting magnet coil. In the bore of the magnet, the vertical component of magnetic force is symmetrical about the coil center (see bold arrows). The magnitude of becomes largest around the representative points of P_<i>over</i> and P_<i>under</i>, and its direction is oriented to the vertical. Consequently, the effect of gravity can be most efficiently controlled by the magnetic force. (b) the representative points <i>a–i</i> marked on the vertical cross-section of the cylindrical vessel.</p

The isothermal and velocity distributions of Rayleigh-Benard convection in cases I, J, K, and L.

<p>The figure numbers correspond to each case. Pr is 6.0. Ra of cases I to K is 0, 3500, 10500, and 14000, respectively.</p

Computational results of four types of Rayleigh-Benard convection.

<p>All the computations converged on a stable solution.</p

Radial and vertical components of the magnetic force calculated at representative points on the vessel at P_<i>over</i> (<i>z</i> = 20 <i>h</i>_<i>z</i>).

<p>Radial and vertical components of the magnetic force calculated at representative points on the vessel at P_<i>over</i> (<i>z</i> = 20 <i>h</i>_<i>z</i>).</p

The transient response curves of velocity components <i>U</i>, <i>V</i>, and <i>W</i> and Nu in all cases.

<p>We can find that these curves were completely the same regardless of the presence or absence of the term of <i>f</i>_sc.</p