Prevalence of Cryptosporidium sp. In Patients with Colorectal Cancer

Parasitic protozoans of the Cryptosporidium genus are intracellular intestinal parasites of mammals, causing cryptosporidiosis. Clinically, cryptosporidiosis manifests as chronic diarrhoea. Individuals with immune disorders, including those with neoplasms, are at risk of symptomatic invasion.The aim of the study was the evaluation of Cryptosporidium sp. prevalence in patients with diagnosed colorectal cancer.Material and methods. The studied group encompassed 87 patients with diagnosed colorectal cancer, undergoing surgery at the Department of General and Oncological Surgery, Pomeranian Medical University, in the years 2009-2010. Immunoenzymatic tests for Cryptosporidium sp. on faeces samples were performed with the use of commercial test kit, ProSpecT®Cryptosporidium Microplate Assay (Remel Inc).Results. The presence of Cryptosporidium sp. was found in 12.6% of studied patients with colorectal cancer. The performed statistical analysis did not reveal any correlation between Cryptosporidium sp. infection and gender, age, neoplasm advancement stage as per Astler-Coller scale, neoplasm differentiation grade, or neoplastic tumour localisation in relation to the splenic flexure.Conclusions. There was found high prevalence of Cryptosporidium sp. in patients with colorectal cancer. It was comparable to the prevalence reported for patients with immune deficiency

Basic methodological techniques in user interface design

S neustálým vývojem výpočetních technologií roste i význam jejich možností ve vztahu k uživatelům. Počet lidí přicházejících do kontaktu s počítačovými systémy se rapidně zvětšuje. Ti, společně se stávajícími uživateli, vyžadují, aby pro ně bylo jednoduché naučit se ovládat moderní techniku, aby práce s ní byla rychlá, příjemná a účinná, aby počítače byly výkonnými pomocníky. Splnit tyto požadavky znamená vytvářet pro uživatele přívětivá uživatelská rozhraní. A právě o to se snaží vědní obor HCI - interakce člověk-počítač. Tato bakalářská práce podává přehled požadavků na použitelnost uživatelských rozhraní počítačových systémů, souvisejících norem a jiných standardů a především pak přehled dnes používaných metodik pro tvorbu uživatelských rozhraní. Část textu je věnována také popisu postupů při zjišťování použitelnosti UI.Ústav informačních studií a knihovnictvíInstitute of Information Studies and LibrarianshipFaculty of ArtsFilozofická fakult

Comparison of the characteristics and frequencies of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp. infections in colorectal cancer (CRC; n = 108) and control (n = 125) groups.

<p>Comparison of the characteristics and frequencies of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp. infections in colorectal cancer (CRC; n = 108) and control (n = 125) groups.</p

Immune-Related Thyroid Adverse Events Predict Response to PD-1 Blockade in Patients with Melanoma

Antibodies against programmed cell death protein-1 or its ligand (PD-(L)1) are a standard of care in melanoma; however, this treatment may cause immune-related adverse events. The aim of this study was to evaluate the immune-related thyroid adverse events (irTAEs) during anti-PD-1 therapy and analyze their influence on the overall survival rates in melanoma. We included 249 patients with metastatic melanoma treated in our institution between 2014 and 2021; the median age was 62 years (range: 17&ndash;90); 58% were males, and 37% of patients had the BRAF mutation. We included patients with a normal TSH at baseline and followed up with measurement of TSH levels during immunotherapy. In our group, 95 patients had a TSH outside the normal range: 63 not clinically significant and 32 with clinical symptoms of hypothyroidism. The 3-year overall survival rate was related to the irTAEs of clinical hypothyroidism, abnormal clinically not significant TSH, and euthyreosis at 56%, 43%, and 32%, respectively (p = 0.002). After adjusting the Cox model for potential confounding variables, clinically significant hypothyroidism was an independent prognostic factor with HR 0.51 (95% CI 0.29&ndash;0.87). In conclusion, the patients who developed clinically significant hypothyroidism requiring replacement therapy with L-thyroxin were the group who benefitted most from anti-PD-1 treatment

Associations between <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp. infection (CR) and age and gender, in the control group (n = 125).

<p>Associations between <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp. infection (CR) and age and gender, in the control group (n = 125).</p

Multivariate logistic regression results of associations between <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp. infection and gender, age, and colorectal cancer diagnosis (both groups, n = 233).

<p>Multivariate logistic regression results of associations between <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp. infection and gender, age, and colorectal cancer diagnosis (both groups, n = 233).</p

Comparison of the characteristics and frequencies of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp. infections in colorectal cancer (CRC; n = 108) and control (n = 125) groups.

<p>Comparison of the characteristics and frequencies of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp. infections in colorectal cancer (CRC; n = 108) and control (n = 125) groups.</p

Characteristics of patients with colorectal cancer (n = 108).

<p>Characteristics of patients with colorectal cancer (n = 108).</p