Why The Green Revolution Was Short Run Phenomena In The Development Process Of Pakistan: A Lesson For Future

Agriculture is the most important sector of Pakistan’s economy. It provides food and fibre, source of scarce foreign exchange earning and a market for industrial goods. In 1960s various policy measures were taken for Agriculture development. The research tries to examine various issues related to this sector. Focus of the research, however, is to analyze the role of Green Revolution in the development process of Pakistan and its short and long term impact on the economy. The paper analyzes weaknesses due to which the Green Revolution remained a shortterm phenomena. The contributing factors of Green Revolution and other supporting institutions are also discussed. The findings of this study show that the Green Revolution increased agriculture production and employment level. It also had impact on distribution of income and the social and political environment in the country. However, there were certain policy gaps due to which the impact of Green Revolution remained a short-term phenomena.

Male and Female Genitalial Characters in the Establishment of a New Subgenus of Cotton Stainer's Genus Dysdercus Guérin-Méneville (Hemiptera: Pyrrhocoridae)*

Abstract.-Characters of male and female genitalia including those of pygophore, paramere and inflated aedeagus and ovipositor and spermatheca in the female provide beyond all doubt the reasons for the establishment of the new subgenus evolved from Ethiopian fauna but endemic to American subcontinent

Does Poverty Stem Human Trafficking in Pakistan?

The present study has conducted to see the application and causes of Human Trafficking on effected families. The study based on primary data collected through case studies and survey. The study examined that poor economic conditions push people towards the glamorous world. Unemployment and political instability created the feelings of disparity and deprivation among people. Most of the times developed countries life style attracted the poor people and facilitate the immigration agents to hire the labour force by fraud. It has explored that poverty brings the people on roads and relative poverty was also the supportive factor in human trafficking. On one hand the poverty is fuel to human trafficking; it is inevitable to overcome the nemeses of human trafficking without poverty alleviation while on other hand the Law enforcement agencies were capable enough to detect the inhuman act, but there was trust deficit among the people towards the law enforcement agencies. Study suggested that the betterment in economic condition could be controlled human trafficking on large scale. Key words: Families; Human; Pakistan; Poverty; Traffickin

Why The Green Revolution Was Short Run Phenomena In The Development Process Of Pakistan: A Lesson For Future

Agriculture is the most important sector of Pakistan’s economy. It provides food and fibre, source of scarce foreign exchange earning and a market for industrial goods. In 1960s various policy measures were taken for Agriculture development. The research tries to examine various issues related to this sector. Focus of the research, however, is to analyze the role of Green Revolution in the development process of Pakistan and its short and long term impact on the economy. The paper analyzes weaknesses due to which the Green Revolution remained a shortterm phenomena. The contributing factors of Green Revolution and other supporting institutions are also discussed. The findings of this study show that the Green Revolution increased agriculture production and employment level. It also had impact on distribution of income and the social and political environment in the country. However, there were certain policy gaps due to which the impact of Green Revolution remained a short-term phenomena

Why The Green Revolution Was Short Run Phenomena In The Development Process Of Pakistan: A Lesson For Future

Agriculture is the most important sector of Pakistan’s economy. It provides food and fibre, source of scarce foreign exchange earning and a market for industrial goods. In 1960s various policy measures were taken for Agriculture development. The research tries to examine various issues related to this sector. Focus of the research, however, is to analyze the role of Green Revolution in the development process of Pakistan and its short and long term impact on the economy. The paper analyzes weaknesses due to which the Green Revolution remained a shortterm phenomena. The contributing factors of Green Revolution and other supporting institutions are also discussed. The findings of this study show that the Green Revolution increased agriculture production and employment level. It also had impact on distribution of income and the social and political environment in the country. However, there were certain policy gaps due to which the impact of Green Revolution remained a short-term phenomena

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF A BIOPESTICIDE WITH SOME SYNTHETIC PESTICIDES USED AGAINST MUSTARD APHIDS (Lipephis erysimi Kalt)

ABSTRACT The experiment was conducted to compare effectiveness of (BtA) Bacillus thuringiensis and Abamectin @ 1gm/l with chlorpyrifos @ 5ml/l, megamos @ 1.25 ml/l and trend @ 4ml/l in controlling aphids (Lipaphis erysimi) on mustard (Eruca sativa) at Agricultural Research Farm, NWFP Agricultural University, Peshawar during 2004-05. These compounds were first sprayed to the point of runoff when the density of the aphids reached to 10 per leaf and repeated at 15 days after the first spray. There were 5 treatments along with one control and replicated 4 times. On mustard after two sprays all the pesticides (being non significant from one another) resulted in significant control of aphids over the check. Mean yield of mustard seed was significantly higher in chlorpyrifos treatment with 581 kg/ha, against 477 kg/ha in BtA treatment

Integrative approach for validation of six important fish species inhabiting River Poonch of north-west Himalayan region (India)

Traditionally, species of fish are identified based on morphological characteristics. Although these taxonomic descriptions are essential, there are cases where the morphological characters distinguishing these species show marginal differences. For instance, in the Poonch River in the Himalayas, there are 21 species, out of which some are morphologically similar, and the taxonomic distinction between these species is unclear. Therefore, in this study, we used sequences from two mitochondrial genes, Cytochrome b (Cyt b) and a larger ribosomal subunit (16S rRNA), as well as the morphological analysis to address any taxonomic ambiguities among the six fish species. Maximum Likelihood results revealed that all the species were clustered according to their families and genera. The phenotypic analysis also supported this statement, as all the species of different genera like Schizothorax, Tor, Garra, Traqilabeo, and Glyptothorax are grouped in their particular cluster, it shows that species of a separate class share a mutual morphological characteristic. While genetic analyses of these species suggest nucleotide diversity (p) and haplotype diversity, with Hd values as 0.644 for Cyt b and 0.899 for 16S rRNA, confirming the rich genetic diversity in the river. Overall, we recommend that the integrative approach in delimiting the fish species is more effective than the individual one and can be used to rapidly diagnose a species and understand the evolutionary relationship between the species

COMPARISON OF IRON STORES IN HEALTHY INDIVIDUALS AND PATIENTS WITH ISCHAEMIC HEART DISEASE

ABSTRACT Excess body iron has been linked to atherosclerosis owing to its pro-oxidative properties. However, inconsistent results have emerged from the epidemiological studies linking iron status and the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Objective of the present study is to compare iron stores of healthy individuals and patients with ischaemic heart disease (IHD). A total of 137 subjects were included in the study, 90 patients of IHD and 47 healthy subjects with no history of IHD as controls. We compared body iron stores of patients and controls. Serum ferritin, serum transferrin receptor (sTfR) and sTfR/ferritin ratio were used as measures of body iron stores. Our results revealed that mean serum ferritin concentration of cases was significantly higher than controls. Moreover, mean sTfR and sTfR/ferritin ratio of controls was significantly higher than the patients. We conclude from our results that IHD patients have higher iron stores than healthy subjects suggesting a possible association between high iron stores and the risk of IHD

Application of image analysis tools in Matlab to better estimate the degree of binder coverage in rolling bottles test

© 2020 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. In asphalt mixture, a strong affinity between binder and aggregates is of prime importance, especially under conditions susceptible to moisture damage. Out of various modifiers/additives used in the literature, the hydrated lime (HL) has been reported as most suitable for improving affinity between binder and aggregates. Therefore, this study attempted to quantify the affinity of HL modified mastics with different aggregates under moist conditions. Further, in order to measure the affinity, the rolling bottle test (RBT) was used, which is also reported as one of the best empirical techniques for assessment of moisture susceptibility. However, in the RBT, the assessment for affinity is generally made through visual inspection by two experienced operators as per a standard procedure which can also be the major drawback of this technique in terms of less reliability and repeatability. Thereby, to reduce this deficiency, the image analysis (with no special setup) was also carried out through the use of the MATLAB program. The results as obtained from image analysis were then compared with the results of visual observation. Both were found to be very similar to each other. Hence, the RBT could be used confidently for the comparison of different binder/aggregate combinations. Also, the RBT results indicated that the HL addition was beneficial with granite, basalt and greywacke aggregates, but it did not have any effect with limestone aggregates. Further, the 10% HL substitution was found to be more efficient than 20% HL substitution as both substitutions showed a similar effect in most of the studied combinations

Design of Portable Exoskeleton Forearm for Rehabilitation of Monoparesis Patients Using Tendon Flexion Sensing Mechanism for Health Care Applications

Technology plays a vital role in patient rehabilitation, improving the quality of life of an individual. The increase in functional independence of disabled individuals requires adaptive and commercially available solutions. The use of sensor-based technology helps patients and therapeutic practices beyond traditional therapy. Adapting skeletal tracking technology could automate exercise tracking, records, and feedback for patient motivation and clinical treatment interventions and planning. In this paper, an exoskeleton was designed and subsequently developed for patients who are suffering from monoparesis in the upper extremities. The exoskeleton was developed according to the dimensions of a patient using a 3D scanner, and then fabricated with a 3D printer; the mechanism for the movement of the hand is a tendon flexion mechanism with servo motor actuators controlled by an ATMega2560 microcontroller. The exoskeleton was used for force augmentation of the patient’s hand by taking the input from the hand via flex sensors, and assisted the patient in closing, opening, grasping, and picking up objects, and it was also able to perform certain exercises for the rehabilitation of the patient. The exoskeleton is portable, reliable, durable, intuitive, and easy to install and use at any time