Efficient design in building construction with rubber bearing in medium risk seismicity: case study and assessment

Earthquakes pose tremendous threats to life, property and a country's economy, not least due to their capability of destroying buildings and causing enormous structural damage. The hazard from ground excitations should be properly assessed to mitigate their action on building structures. This study is concerned with medium risk seismic regions. Specifically, the heavily populated capital city Dhaka in Bangladesh has been considered. Recent earthquakes that occurred inside and very close to the city have manifested the city's earthquake sources and vulnerability. Micro-seismicity data supports the existence of at least four earthquake source points in and around Dhaka. The effects of the earthquakes on buildings are studied for this region. Rubber base isolation is selected as an innovative option to lessen seismic loads on buildings. Case studies have been carried out for fixed and isolated based multi-storey buildings. Lead rubber bearing and high damping rubber bearing have been designed and incorporated in building bases. Structural response behaviours have been evaluated through static and dynamic analyses. For the probable severe earthquake, rubber bearing isolation can be a suitable alternative as it mitigates seismic effects, reduces structural responses and provides structural and economic benefits

The return-volume reationship [relationship] for emerging markets: analysis of the internet technology bubble in the United States / Syed Akbar Zamin Ali.

"Date 19th of July, 2006"Bibliography: leaves 158-169.[5], 169 leaves : ill, (some col.), tables ; 30 cm.Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, School of Commerce, 200

Study on corollary of seismic base isolation system on buildings with soft story

Soft storey buildings are characterized by having a storey which has a lot of open spaces. This soft storey creates a major weak point in an earthquake. Since soft stories are classically associated with retail spaces and parking garages, they are often on the lower stories of a building, which means that when they collapse, they can take the whole building down with them, causing serious structural damage which may render the structure totally unusable. In this study, efforts have been given to examine the effect of incorporation of isolator on the seismic behavior of buildings subjected to the appropriate earthquake for medium risk seismicity region. It duly ensures incorporating isolator with all relevant properties as per respective isolators along with its time period and damping ratio. Effort has also been made here to build up a relationship for increasing storey height and the changes for incorporating isolator with same time period and damping ratio for both lead rubber bearing (LRB) and high damping rubber bearing (HDRB). Dynamic analyses have been carried out using response spectrum and time history analysis. Behavioral changes of structural parameters are investigated. The study reveals that the values of structural parameters reduce a large amount while using isolator. However, LRB is found beneficial than HDRB. The structure experiences huge storey drift at the soft storey level that may be severe and cause immature failure. The amount of m

Study on corollary of seismic base isolation system on buildings with soft storey

Soft storey buildings are characterized by having a storey which has a lot of open spaces. This soft storey creates a major weak point in an earthquake. Since soft stories are classically associated with retail spaces and parking garages, they are often on the lower stories of a building, which means that when they collapse, they can take the whole building down with them, causing serious structural damage which may render the structure totally unusable. In this study, efforts have been given to examine the effect of incorporation of isolator on the seismic behavior of buildings subjected to the appropriate earthquake for medium risk seismicity region. It duly ensures incorporating isolator with all relevant properties as per respective isolators along with its time period and damping ratio. Effort has also been made here to build up a relationship for increasing storey height and the changes for incorporating isolator with same time period and damping ratio for both lead rubber bearing (LRB) and high damping rubber bearing (HDRB). Dynamic analyses have been carried out using response spectrum and time history analysis. Behavioral changes of structural parameters are investigated. The study reveals that the values of structural parameters reduce a large amount while using isolator. However, LRB is found beneficial than HDRB. The structure experiences huge storey drift at the soft storey level that may be severe and cause immature failure. The amount of masonry infill is very vital for soft storey buildings as its decrement increases reasonable displacements

Validity of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Report of Meniscal Tear in Relationship to Arthroscopic Findings

Introduction: Knee joint has been of immense importance due to its location, movement and weight bearing. Greater usage also makes the knee prone to injuries. For the management of injuries an accurate diagnosis is needed. We aimed to determine the diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging in assessment of meniscal tear taking arthroscopy as gold standard Materials and Methods : We conducted a cross-sectional study including 180 participants from different age groups at Shifa international hospital, Islamabad. Patients underwent both MRI and Arthroscopy and the results were compared. For data analysis SPSS version 22 was used and the results were depicted using frequencies and percentages. Results: There were a greater number of male patients and the mean age was dash. Trauma and sports were the common cause of injuries. Sensitivity and specificity were found to be 95.95% and 69.13% respectively. PPV and NPV were 62.91% and 86.20% respectively. Conclusion: MRI is a good, accurate non-invasive modality for the patients with meniscal tears while arthroscopy Still remains a gold standard

Attenuating Fibrotic Markers of Patient-Derived Dermal Fibroblasts by Thiolated Lignin Composites

We report the use of phenolic functional groups of lignosulfonate to impart antioxidant properties and the cell binding domains of gelatin to enhance cell adhesion for poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-based scaffolds. Chemoselective thiol-ene chemistry was utilized to form composites with thiolated lignosulfonate (TLS) and methacrylated fish gelatin (fGelMA). Antioxidant properties of TLS were not altered after thiolation and the levels of antioxidation were comparable to those of -ascorbic acid. PEG-fGelMA-TLS composites significantly reduced the difference in , , , and genes between high-scarring and low-scarring hdFBs, providing the potential utility of TLS to attenuate fibrotic responses

Quantification of Solution-Free Blood Cell Staining by Sorption Kinetics of Romanowsky Stains to Agarose Gels

Imaging and quantification of stained blood cells are important for identifying the cells in hematology and for diagnosing diseased cells or parasites in cytopathology. Romanowsky staining have been used traditionally to produce hues in blood cells using anionic eosin Y and cationic methylene blue. While Romanowsky stains have been widely used in cytopathology, end-users have experienced problems with varying results in staining due to premature precipitation or evaporation of methanol, leading to the inherent inconsistency of solution-based Romanowsky staining. Here, we demonstrate that staining and destaining of blood smear are controllable by the contact time of agarose gel stamps. While the extent of staining and destaining are discernable by hue values of stamped red blood cells in micrographs, quantification of adsorbed and desorbed Romanowsky dye molecules (in particular, eosin Y, methylene blue, and azure B) from and to the agarose gel stamps needs a model that can explain the sorption process. We find predictable sorption of the Romanowsky dye molecules from the pseudo-second-order kinetics models for adsorption and the one phase decay model for desorption. Thus, the method of agarose gel stamping demonstrated here could be an alternative to solution-based Romanowsky staining with predictable quantity of sorption and timing of contact