Multiple TPA for Extensive Reliability and Security in Cloud Storage

This paper focuses on the security and integrity of data hold on cloud data servers. The data integrity verification is finished by employing a third party auditor who is authorized to check integrity of data sporadically on behalf of client. The way application software and databases are stored has been modified. Currently they are stored in cloud data centers in which security is an apprehension from client point of view. The new development which is used to store and manage data without principal investment has brought many security challenges which are not thoroughly understood. Customer data from third party auditor notices of when data integrity is lost. The proposed system not only supports data integrity verification but also supports data mobility. Prior work has been done in this online data mobility and there is lack of true public auditability. Auditor task is to monitor data modifications like insert and remove. The proposed system is able to support both public auditability and data mobility. Problems with existing systems literature review has revealed that the motivation behind this work take up. Merkle hash tree block-level authentication is used to improve. Auditing functions to handle together Bilinear transform overall signature is used. The TPA for multiple clients concurrently enables audit. So here we evaluate the TPA based multi-user system. Experiments show that the proposed system is also very efficient and safe. For proposed work we are using multiple TPA's and multiple clients. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.160412

FORS-D Analysis in P. falciparum can Differentiate Classes of Genes Under Selection

FORS-D is a measure of the contribution of base order to the stem loop potential of a nucleic acid sequence and can also give information on evolutionary pressures on sequences to move away from secondary structure. Negative FORS-D values in a gene are associated with exons and nucleotide substitutions such as SNPs. An analysis of P. falciparum genes under selection pressure shows a correlation between negative FORS-D values and SNP density for genes that drug targets but not for drug transporters or antigenic variation genes. Analysis of the dhfr gene shows that a majority of rare mutations that associate with drug resistance also fall into regions with negative FORS-D values. These data suggest that FORS-D values might be predictors for drug target genes and drug resistance mutations in these genes

In Silico Prediction of Evolutionarily Conserved GC-Rich Elements Associated with Antigenic Proteins of Plasmodium falciparum

The Plasmodium falciparum genome being AT-rich, the presence of GC-rich regions suggests functional significance. Evolution imposes selection pressure to retain functionally important coding and regulatory elements. Hence searching for evolutionarily conserved GC-rich, intergenic regions in an AT-rich genome will help in discovering new coding regions and regulatory elements. We have used elevated GC content in intergenic regions coupled with sequence conservation against P. reichenowi, which is evolutionarily closely related to P. falciparum to identify potential sequences of functional importance. Interestingly, ~30% of the GC-rich, conserved sequences were associated with antigenic proteins encoded by var and rifin genes. The majority of sequences identified in the 5′ UTR of var genes are represented by short expressed sequence tags (ESTs) in cDNA libraries signifying that they are transcribed in the parasite. Additionally, 19 sequences were located in the 3′ UTR of rifins and 4 also have overlapping ESTs. Further analysis showed that several sequences associated with var genes have the capacity to encode small peptides. A previous report has shown that upstream peptides can regulate the expression of var genes hence we propose that these conserved GC-rich sequences may play roles in regulation of gene expression

A screen for conserved sequences with biased base composition identifies noncoding RNAs in the A–T rich genome of Plasmodium falciparum

Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) such as snRNAs, snoRNAs and microRNAs play important roles in transcription and translation control. These ncRNAs have yet to be discovered in the malarial parasite Plasmodium falciparum, an organism in which these basic biological processes are poorly understood. Inspired by a report by Klein et al., we initiated a bioinformatics screen to uncover several candidate ncRNAs from the parasite genome using two simple criteria: first, elevated GC content in the highly A–T rich intergenic regions of the P. falciparum genome and second, conservation of sequence homology between malaria parasite species. We show that all the annotated tRNAs can be successfully identified in our screen as well as several new candidates that show homology to snRNAs and snoRNAs, and ten candidate ncRNAs of unknown function. Three of the candidate snRNAs, a predicted selenocysteine tRNA and two candidates of unknown function are expressed in asexual stage parasites, further validating the screen. With these results, the biological processes underlying RNA-mediated regulation of transcription, translation and splicing can be studied in an important human pathogen.© Elsevie

MOESM4 of Upstream AUGs and upstream ORFs can regulate the downstream ORF in Plasmodium falciparum

Additional file 4: Table S3. Frequency of different Kozak sequences in annotated CDS in the parasite genome

Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma of Lower Extremity

A case of 60 year male presented with gradually increasing swelling of left lower leg of 6 month duration. Which was rapidly increased in size since last 2 months , with secondary changes of necrosis and skin ulceration . On histopathology reported as “Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma”. The proper clinical history, careful grossing with extensive sampling and ancillary techniques are critical for confirming the diagnosis such important rare entity