Relationship of Prestrengthening Exercise before Tournament for the Performance of Female Wheel Chair Basketball Players in Free Throw

INTRODUCTION: Cross-sectional studies have reported that a majority of long-term wheelchair users experience upper extremity pain. Overuse and repetitive stress often result in degenerative soft tissue changes it been observed that 18% of active persons and 45% of inactive persons with long-term paraplegia also showed degenerative changes in the shoulder joint on radiographs. Other researchers have reported that wheelchair users often show chronic degenerative injuries to soft tissues, including impingement syndromes, rotator cuff tears, sprains, strains, and avascular necrosis AIM OF THE STUDY: To find out the effect of Strength Training, reducing the pain & performance of Upper limb for Wheelchair Basketball Players. Thus it provides a model for the technique of skill for analyzing the performance of the players. Which will be helpful in preparing how effectively the free throw and shooting and set shot has made. OBJECTIVE: To determine in performing the shooting the ball with the help of upper extremities of female wheelchair basket ball players. METHODOLOGY: Study design: Comparitive study. Study setting: The study was done in 15 wheel chair players in Chennai Source of data: Data was collected from 15 private players in Chennai. All subjects were assessed and selected based upon who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The purpose of the study was explained to all subjects and consent from each subject was taken. The subjects were randomly assigned into the either Pre Strengthening Training (Group A) and Simple Training (Group B). Sample size: 15 subjects Inclusion Criteria: Impaired muscle power, Impaired passive range of movement, Hypertonia, Limb deficiency, Ataxia, Leg length difference, Short stature. Exclusion Criteria: Foot ulcers, Vision impairment. DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION: This deals with the analysis of data collected from the subjects under study. The primary concern of the present study was to find out significance relationship between the selected pre strengthening exercise and the performance of the subjects in the free throw and shooting the ball analyzing among the female wheelchair from Chennai team. To facilitate the study, 15 shoulder pain female wheelchair basketball players were randomly selected for the purpose of this study. Their age was between 24 to 28 years. RESULTS: After give 6 weeks Pre – Strengthening Shoulder Exercise, it’s been proved that the players where playing their game without the pain on their shoulder while passing, shooting , free throws. In table 1 & graph 1, the pre test values were compared with post test values of Free throw, Long Pass, Dribbling of group A players after Pre – Strengthening exercise. According to this table p value is less than .05 which shows that there is a significant difference in tournament in group A who underwent Pre – strengthening training. In table 2 & graph 2, the pre test values were compared with post test values of Free throw, Long Pass, Dribbling of group B players trained on ground. According to this table p - value is more than .05 which shows that there is a no significant difference in shoulder pain in group B who underwent basic training in ground. Thus player in Group A where able to perform better than the Players in Group B after the 6 – weeks Pre – Strengthening exercise Program. CONCLUSION: The results obtained from this study shows significant difference for players trained under pre – strengthening program before the tournament .The mean difference for free throw, long pass , dribbling showed significant increase in the group – A compared with group - B. From the above result it can be concluded that six weeks pre - strenthening training is more effective in improving the performance in the tournament the Female wheelchair basketball players. Hence it can be recommended that 6 weeks pre – strengthening training is more effective, useful & performance oriented rather than the usual training program

A NEW PARALLEL INTERFERENCE CANCELLATION ALGORITHM FOR RAKE SYSTEMS

In order to suppres the multi-path interference (MPI) in the DS CDMA system, a new RAKE receiver based on parallel interference elimination is first proposed in this paper data symbol tentative decision is obtained by linear decision; the multi-path interference are evaluated by tentative decision and known user information. Then the performance over Rayleigh fading channel are analyzed and compared to conventional parallel interference cancellation (PIC) and RAKE receiver. It is shown that RAKE receiver performance can be improved greatly by using this method with simple structure and easy implementation

Comparative evaluation of H1 receptor blocking activity and safety of newer H1antagonist mizolastine with loratadine and placebo: a randomized double blind three way crossover study

Background: Histamine is a naturally occurring body constituent synthesized from L-histidine by histidine decarboxylase enzyme that is expressed throughout the body including central nervous system neurons, gastric mucosa, mast cells and basophils. The objective of this study was to compare the pharmacological activity and safety of 10 mg mizolastine, 10 mg loratadine and placebo in healthy human volunteers.Methods: After randomly allocating the 3 drugs, a battery of psychometric tests was done. Histamine prick test for wheal and flare reaction, VAS for sedation and itch followed by salivary flow test were done. Vitals were recorded. The subjects were randomized to receive either of the treatment in a cross-over manner with washout period of 7 days. The wheal and flare areas were recorded before and after 1,2,4,8, and 24 hours.Results: Mean inhibition on histamine induced wheal and flare response with mizolastine was highly significant as compared to placebo from 1 hour onwards (p<0.001) with maximum inhibition of 98.1±1.8% at 4 hours and of 85.1±24.8percent at 8 hours, for wheal and flare, respectively. The mean inhibition on histamine induced response with loratadine was significant from 2 hours (p<0.05) for wheal area and 1 hour onwards up to 24 hours (P<0.01) for flare area with the maximum inhibition of 56.2±31.6 percent and 60.1±14.2percent at 8hours, respectively. Mean inhibition on histamine induced itch with mizolastine was also significant from 4 hours onwards and persisted up to 24 hours (p<0.05) with maximum inhibition of 58.6±54.2% at 8 hours for the itch response, unlike loratidine. There was no significant change in mean effect on sedation assessed on a VAS of 0-100 mm. There was no significant change in psychomotor functions, salivary flow or vital parameters. All were well tolerated.Conclusions: Mizolastine has good antihistaminic activity than loratadine. Neither drug causes any psychomotor impairment or has anti-cholinergic action

Molecular characterization of the genes encoding the tungsten-containing aldehyde ferredoxin oxidoreductase from Pyrococcus furiosus and formaldehyde ferredoxin oxidoreductase from Thermococcus litoralis

The hyperthermophilic archaea Pyrococcus furiosus and Thermococcus litoralis contain the tungstoenzymes aldehyde ferredoxin oxidoreductase, a homodimer, and formaldehyde ferredoxin oxidoreductase, a homotetramer. herein we report the cloning and sequencing of the P. furiosus gene aor (605 residues; M_r, 66,630) and the T. litoralis gene for (621 residues; M_r, 68,941)

Production of Prodigiosin Using Tannery Fleshing and Evaluating Its Pharmacological Effects

Aim. The focal theme of present investigation includes isolation of prodigiosin producing fish gut bacteria, enhancing its production using tannery solid waste fleshing, and evaluation of its pharmacological effect. Methods. Optimization of fermentation conditions to yield maximum prodigiosin, and instrumental analysis using FTIR, NMR, ESI-MS, TGA, and DSC. Results. The optimum conditions required for the maximum prodigiosin concentration were achieved at time 30 h, temperature 30°C, pH 8, and 3% substrate concentration. The secondary metabolite was analyzed using ESI-MS, FTIR, and NMR. Therapeutic efficacy was assessed by in vitro anticancer studies. Among the pathogenic bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa was most susceptible at the lowest concentration followed by Salmonella typhi. IC(50) concentration was cell line specific (HeLa cells: 4.3 µM, HEp2: 5.2 µM, and KB cells: 4.8 µM) and remains nontoxic up to the concentration of 25 µM on normal Vero cells suggesting that cancerous cells are more susceptible to the prodigiosin at lower concentration. Conclusion. Maximum prodigiosin production was obtained with tannery fleshing. The potency of the fish gut bacterial secondary metabolite prodigiosin as a therapeutic agent was confirmed through in vitro antimicrobial and anticancer studies

Seasonal variations in salinity of Korapuzha estuary (Calicut, Kerala) in relation to tide and rainfall

Hydrographic, tidal and rainfall observations at a selected station situated near the mouth of Korapuzha esluary during the period 1989-1993 revealed that the main causative factor which brings in variations in salinity is rainfall and the associated river runoff rather than the tide eventhough the estuary is connected with the Arabian sea throughout the year permitting a free flow of sea water into the estuary and a counterflow of freh water in the opposite direction

Molecular characterization of ageratum enation virus and beta satellite associated with leaf curl disease of fenugreek in India

Cisplatn is one of the chemotherapy for the treatment of triple‐negatve breast cancer (TNBC), but its effectveness is limited because of the phenomenon of chemoresistance. miR‐638 was shown to regulate chemoresistance; however, it has never been validated in the cisplatn‐resistant tumor from patents. This present study aimed to identfy the key gene regulatory networks of miR‐638 and evaluate the potental role of the miR‐638 and its targets as potental prognosis biomarkers for cisplatn‐resistance triple‐negatve breast cancer patents. The miR‐638 target was obtained from the miRecords database while the mRNA of chemoresistance biomarker candidate was obtained from the GSE18864 of GEO database, which is mRNA of cisplatn‐resistance TNBC patents. CCND1 and FZD7 are potental candidates for cisplatn chemoresistance biomarkers in patents with TNBC. Moreover, a Kaplan‐Meier survival plot showed that breast cancer patents with low mRNA levels of FZD7 had signifcantly worse overall survival than those in higher mRNA expression group. Taken together, miR‐638 plays a role in cisplatn resistance mechanism through a mechanism involving its target gene CCND1 and FZD7. Overall, miR‐638, CCND1, and FZD7 are candidates for cisplatn biomarker resistance in TNBC