The role of CT perfusion in the characterisation of solitary renal lesions an added value to multiphasic CT

INTRODUCTION: Although imaging by CT and MRI for detection and evaluation of renal lesions has increased in recent years, the accuracy rate on preoperative characterisation of their nature remains low. CT perfusion allows a quantitative evaluation of tissue perfusion and may aid in renal lesion characterisation, differentiating benign and malignant lesions and in subtyping of renal cell carcinomas. AIM AND OBJECTIVES: 1. To acquire CT perfusion parameters within the renal lesion and in the normal renal parenchyma. 2. To study the differences among the CT perfusion parameters obtained from various renal lesions and to correlate with the histopathological diagnosis, and grading. 3. To find out the sensitivity and specificity of the CT perfusion parameters that can be used to differentiate malignant tumours like renal cell carcinoma from other benign tumours of the kidney. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 1. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective observational study. 2. SAMPLE SIZE: 40 cases 3. METHODS: This study was carried from January 2017 – June 2017 in Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital. Patients diagnosed as having renal lesion were subjected to CT perfusion studies, done using 16 SLICE CT scanner (SOMATOM EMOTION, SIEMENS HEALTHINEERS). Various CT perfusion parameters namely, Blood flow (BF), Blood volume (BV), Permeability (PMB) were obtained from renal lesion and in the normal renal cortex. RESULTS: Out of the 40 renal lesions, 32 were RCCs (80%), 5 were Oncocytomas (13%), and 3 were AML with minimal fat(7%). Significant differences existed between RCC and Oncocytoma in all three parameters (BF, BV, PMB). Angiomyolipoma and Oncocytoma showed significant differences in BV and PMB. Significant differences were found in both BF and BV between clear cell RCC and AML, whereas significant difference was seen only in BF values between other subtypes of RCC and AML. There were significant differences noted in BF, BV and PMB values between subtypes of RCC. BF and BV values were found to be significantly higher in High grade RCC than low grade RCC. Permeability was found to be most helpful in differentiating between RCC and oncocytoma with sensitivity of 93.8% and specificity of 100%. CONCLUSION: This study showed the feasibility of CT Perfusion in discriminating between the malignant from benign renal lesions, and also in subtyping which can aid in further management

A simple procedure for hydroboration using tetrabutylammonium borohydride

1189-119

Interactive Effect of Phosphorus Fertilization and Rhizobial Inoculation on Symbiotic and Growth Potential of Selected Chickpea Cultivars

The main aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of rhizobia and di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) on nodulation and plant growth-promotion (PGP) traits of chickpea cultivars under field conditions at IARI, New Delhi and ICRISAT, Patancheru during the Rabi season of 2014-15. Two chickpea cultivars, JAKI 9218 and Shubhra, were used in common by both the institutes, while the third cultivar varied; IARI used PUSA 372, whereas ICRISAT used JG11, popular variety of the respective locations. The seeds were subjected to four treatments, including T1 = positive control (only DAP); T2 = only rhizobia; T3 = rhizobia and DAP; and T4 = absolute control (no rhizobia and DAP). Manual planting was done in split plot design with three replications. Observations, including nodule number, nodule weight, shoot weight, root weight, pod weight, pod number, grain yield, stover yield, N and P uptake from shoots were recorded. Seed inoculation with rhizobia (T2 and T3) significantly enhanced nodulation and growth over un-inoculated controls (T1 and T4) at both IARI and ICRISAT locations. Among T2 and T3, nodule weight observed was more in T3 than T2 at both IARI and ICRISAT locations, except in case of one cultivar (Subhra) at ICRISAT where T2 was significantly higher than T3.Among the cultivars, Subhra was found to be more compatible to rhizobial strains used in this study than the other two cultivars at both the locations. At crop maturity stage, data were collected only at ICRISAT location due to hostile weather conditions at IARI. At ICRISAT, T3 recorded significantly higher shoot weight (up to 25%), pod weight (up to 37%), pod number (up to 16%), grain yield (up to 25%), stover yield (up to 8%) and P uptake (up to 10%) over T4, the absolute control. It can be concluded that rhizobial strains in combination with DAP supports not only nodulation potential of chickpea but also its PGP traits

Assessment of nodulation potential in mini-core genotypes and land races of chickpea

Symbiotic nitrogen fixation (SNF) is a sustainable alternative for nitrogen supply for plants in agriculture. Past efforts to enhance SNF in chickpea through inoculation with improved rhizobia were partially successful. Hence, there is an urgent need to identify nodulation variants among the mini-core and races accessions of chickpea. In the present study, a total of 211 mini-core lines, 68 land races and 3 checks were evaluated for nodulation variants under greenhouse conditions at ICRISAT, Patancheru, India and IIPR, Kanpur, India. The seeds of all accessions were inoculated with IC-76, a nodulating bacteria, on both locations. When the potting material was pasteurized, the organic carbon had reduced from 0.49% to 0.29% whereas no significant difference was noted in total N and available P contents. At 45 days after sowing, the mini-core lines of chickpea were categorized into 6 types, based on nodulation capability (rating 0-5, where 0=no nodules; while 5 = maximum nodules) at both ICRISAT and IIPR locations. A direct correlation was obtained between nodule numbers and shoot and root weights. Further, some lines were found common at both the locations for particular category of nodulation rating.For instance, the lines ICC-2580, ICC- 2990, ICC-3421 and RSG-888 were found fitting in rating 5 while lines ICC-6294 and ICC-9002 in rating 1. A similar trend of nodulation variants were also found in the land races of chickpea. A total of 35 chickpea mini-core lines and six land races were found common for nodulation variants at both locations

Synthesis of novel chiral auxiliaries

1666-1669A simple and easy route for the preparation of the higher homologue of oxazaborolidine namely dihydrooxazaborin has been reported. Also, the preparations of new bicyclic oxazaborolidines are reported

Novel Chiral Switching Ligands for Enantioselective Asymmetric Reductions of Prochiral Ketones

Abstract: The newly developed chiral ligands 1 and 4 show opposite enantioselectivity in the asymmetric reduction of prochiral ketones resulting in the production of either enantiomer depending on the metal complex with high enantiomeric excess

A Comparative Study of Organic Cultivation of Trigreens with Vermicompost

The study highlighting the importance of diversifying plant resources, especially for green leafy vegetables, which are rich in essential nutrients and are considered vital for human health. Organic farming is on the rise due to increasing demand for healthier and environmentally friendly food production. The experiment was conducted in Kalakadu village, Tamil Nadu, India, with a focus on the impact of vermicompost on plant growth. The soil type, pH, and nutrient content were analyzed. Vermicompost was prepared by predigesting organic waste and cattle dung slurry. The three selected vegetables were planted in plots with and without vermicompost, and their growth was monitored. The study presents the height parameters and growth data for each of the three vegetables with and without vermicompost. In all cases (Amaranthus, Palak, and Moringa), the height and weight of the plants were significantly higher when vermicompost was added. Statistical analysis, including Pearson correlation and t-tests, confirmed the significance of these differences. The study concludes that vermicompost has a substantial positive impact on the growth and yield of Amaranthus, Palak, and Moringa. The vegetables cultivated with vermicompost demonstrated higher height, weight, and overall growth compared to those without vermicompost

Not Available

Not AvailableOn- farm demonstrations on Trichoderma harzianum were undertaken to empower farmers and show the potential against root rot complex and wilt disease in major pulse crops. Accordingly, a project was implemented during 2008-2011 in six villages with 620 farmers under rainfed conditions of Sumerpur Block, Hamirpur district in Bundelkhand of Uttar Pradesh. The identified native strain of Trichoderma harzianum (IPT 31) was multiplied and supplied to farmers for seed treatment in chickpea, lentil and pigeonpea crops. The results showed that the overall reduction in plant mortality due to root rot complex over control was 32.1% and 14.3% in chickpea and lentil, respectively. However, the reduction in wilt incidence was observed 26.7% in chickpea and 25.9% of lentil. Further, the percent increase in yield over the control was 16.6% and 12.6% in chickpea and lentil, respectively. The additional yield in chickpea and lentil from T. harzianum application was received 1.30 q/ha and 0.93 q/ha with economic gain of 2600 and 2800/ha. The impact of T. harzianum in pigeonpea was observed to a lesser extent. The availability of soil moisture played an important role in effectiveness of Trichoderma. The increase in awareness and knowledge on nature, role and benefits of T. harzianum; methods of application, source of availability and market price was observed between 20 to 70 percent.Not Availabl

On - farm demonstrations of Trichoderma harzianum in pulse crops under rainfed conditions of Bundelkhand - A case study

On- farm demonstrations on Trichoderma harzianum were undertaken to empower farmers and show the potential against root rot complex and wilt disease in major pulse crops. Accordingly, a project was implemented during 2008-2011 in six villages with 620 farmers under rainfed conditions of Sumerpur Block, Hamirpur district in Bundelkhand of Uttar Pradesh. The identified native strain of Trichoderma harzianum (IPT 31) was multiplied and supplied to farmers for seed treatment in chickpea, lentil and pigeonpea crops. The results showed that the overall reduction in plant mortality due to root rot complex over control was 32.1% and 14.3% in chickpea and lentil, respectively. However, the reduction in wilt incidence was observed 26.7% in chickpea and 25.9% of lentil. Further, the percent increase in yield over the control was 16.6% and 12.6% in chickpea and lentil, respectively. The additional yield in chickpea and lentil from T. harzianum application was received 1.30 q/ha and 0.93 q/ha with economic gain of 2600 and 2800/ha. The impact of T. harzianum in pigeonpea was observed to a lesser extent. The availability of soil moisture played an important role in effectiveness of Trichoderma. The increase in awareness and knowledge on nature, role and benefits of T. harzianum; methods of application, source of availability and market price was observed between 20 to 70 percent