An empirical analysis of the effects of juvenile offender placement in adult facilities on recidivism rates

Over time, efforts have been aimed at protecting the public while at the same time resocializing young people who have entered the juvenile justice system. However, once they have entered, the juvenile justice system is putting young offenders into adult incarceration facilities resulting in them actually becoming worse criminals with higher chances of reoffending. This study demonstrates that not only are juvenile offenders different from adult offenders, they need to be treated as such. This thesis will discuss the ways in which youth offenders are different from adults and use quantitative analyses to show that juveniles incarcerated in adult prisons have a higher recidivism rate, and that juvenile public policy in many different states increases young offenders’ chances of reoffending. I conclude that while juvenile offenders need punishment, they also need to be successfully reintegrated into society. Keeping them out of adult incarceration facilities is one important way to do this

EVALUATION OF A DIVISION I MID-MAJOR UNIVERSITY’S STUDENT-ATHLETE MENTAL HEALTH PROGRAM

The following executive summary provides high level findings of a student-athlete mental health program (SAMHP) at a National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I mid-major university. Various elements of the SAMHP were evaluated to create a well-rounded understanding of the program to determine sustainability, goals, and stakeholder expectations. Findings from this study provided insight on stakeholder needs, program successes, and implications for program improvements

EVALUATION OF A DIVISION I MID-MAJOR UNIVERSITY’S STUDENT-ATHLETE MENTAL HEALTH PROGRAM

The following executive summary provides high level findings of a student-athlete mental health program (SAMHP) at a National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I mid-major university. Various elements of the SAMHP were evaluated to create a well-rounded understanding of the program to determine sustainability, goals, and stakeholder expectations. Findings from this study provided insight on stakeholder needs, program successes, and implications for program improvements

Enhancing Legal Protections for Immigrants Who Are Victims of Domestic Violence in the U.S.

This thesis focuses on immigrants who are victims of domestic violence in the United States. The original research is IRB approved and focuses on immigrants in Washington State. The method for data collection consists of literature review, internship, and interviews of key stakeholders in Washington State. Participants include a professor, police chief, immigration attorney, and Washington State house representative. The Federal policies and resources for this research include the Office on Violence Against Women (OVW), Violence Against Women Act (VAWA), Victims of Trafficking and Violence Prevention Act (VTVPA), and U visa program. A qualitative, thematic analysis of the collected data was used to determine common themes between the literature, internship, and interviews. The findings in this research show there are individuals in Washington State law enforcement and certifying agencies that do not understand these policies well enough to provide protection. The research findings consist of three common themes; 1) fear of deportation and government, 2) lack of funding and training, and 3) need for improvement of Federal and State policies that will enhance legal protections for immigrants who are victims of domestic violence in the United States. Washington State House Representatives have been trying to pass a house bill that will enhance legal protections for immigrants who are victims of domestic violence in Washington State. The best solution for this vulnerable population is for the House and Senate to pass House Bill 1022 or a similar house bill, which will enhance legal protections for immigrants who live in Washington State

Square Pegs On Campus: Autism and Inclusion at University of Washington Tacoma

Research findings show Autistic students struggle with communication and social interaction and are at risk of failing and/or dropping out of school. Additionally, the social construct of disability and ableism negatively affect the inclusion of Autistic students. While conducting research that included interviewing UW Tacoma students and staff, I learned there are zero Autistic-specific services, support groups, or Registered Student Organizations (RSOs), and there are more than 29 Autistic students attending UW Tacoma. Disability Resources for Students (DRS) reported there are 29 professionally diagnosed Autistic students receiving academic accommodations based on their official autism diagnosis. Not all Autistic students have received an official diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder, which is a UW Tacoma DRS requirement to receive accommodations based on autism, so not all Autistic students are receiving supportive services at UW Tacoma. Due to the lack of an official autism diagnosis, self-diagnosed Autistic students may experience even less inclusion and success than professionally diagnosed Autistic students who qualify for academic accommodations. The proposed intervention, Square Pegs On Campus: Autistic Peer Social Support Group, will be available for self-diagnosed and professionally diagnosed students who are Autistic, on the autism spectrum, and neurodiverse

METODER FOR EN FLERARTSANTROPOLOGI: At tænke med laks, otolitter og fiskeskæl

Denne artikel argumenterer for, at flerartsantropologiens fokus på ikke-mennesker udgør en „mindre antropologi“, som udfordrer eksisterende antropologiske kategorier, men også disciplinens metoder. Med reference til mit studie af stillehavslaks undersøger jeg, hvordan og hvorfor antropologer kan og bør udforske de måder, hvorpå laks i samarbejde med naturvidenskabelige forskere „konstituerer“ verdener. I samarbejde med biologer undersøger jeg både lakseskæl og otolitter (øresten), hvis krystalliseringsmønstre fungerer som en slags dagbog, der materialiserer laksens vandringer og relationer. Med et antropologisk blik spørger jeg til, hvordan man kan bruge analysen af fiskeskæl og otolitter til at lære om, hvordan forskellige arter mødes på måder, som den klassiske etnografi ofte overser. Endelig viser jeg, hvordan antropologer kan engagere sig med naturvidenskabelige metodiske værktøjer, samtidig med at de bevarer en kritisk indstilling til, hvad disse værktøjer betyder for vores måder at skabe viden på. Søgeord: dyrestudier, videnspraksisser, mindre antropologier, flerartsetnografi, laks, samfundsvidenskabelige metode

Relationships Among Depression, Anxiety, and Insomnia Symptoms in Perinatal Women Seeking Mental Health Treatment

Background: Depression and anxiety symptoms are commonly experienced by women during the perinatal period. Changes in sleep and sleep quality are typical throughout pregnancy and early postpartum. However, little is known about relationships between insomnia symptoms and psychiatric symptoms in perinatal women. The objective of the present study is to characterize the burden of insomnia symptoms in perinatal women seeking outpatient psychiatric treatment and to examine relationships between insomnia and symptoms of depression and anxiety. Methods: Data from 257 pregnant or postpartum women who sought outpatient psychiatric treatment at a university hospital-affiliated clinic were extracted from an existing clinical management database. Data included validated self-report measures assessing insomnia (Insomnia Severity Index [ISI]), mood (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale [EPDS]), and generalized anxiety (Penn State Worry Questionnaire [PSWQ]). Results: Fifty-two percent of women reported symptoms of insomnia, 75% reported symptoms of depression, and 61% reported symptoms of generalized anxiety. After controlling for PSWQ, the partial correlation between EPDS and ISI was 0.15 and 0.37 for pregnant and postpartum women, respectively. After controlling for EPDS, the partial correlation between PSWQ and ISI was 0.20 and 0.12 for pregnant and postpartum women, respectively. Women with clinically significant ISI scores had significantly higher odds for reporting symptoms consistent with depression (odds ratio [OR] 7.7) and generalized anxiety (OR 2.55) compared to women with lower ISI scores. Conclusions: Insomnia symptoms affected a significant proportion of the perinatal women in this sample. These symptoms are linked to symptoms of depression and anxiety in treatment-seeking pregnant and postpartum women. Perinatal women seen in psychiatric treatment settings should be routinely screened for sleep problems.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/90453/1/jwh-2E2010-2E2371.pd

Down to Earth: Geosocialities and Geopolitics

“Nature” and “social life” tended to be separated by Enlightenment thinkers, setting the stage for a long-standing tension between geology and social-cultural theory. Such a division suppressed the liveliness that humans have often attributed to material things. Several scholars and artists, many of whom would advocate new materialisms, have attempted to recapture this liveliness. Drawing upon these developments, we use the notion of “geosocialities” (the commingling of the geologic and the social and the sensibilities involved) to facilitate appreciation of the mineral and the alignment between geology and social-cultural theory. While geosocialities overlap with nature-cultures and “biosocialities,” they are “harder” in the sense of drawing attention to geology and its relation to social life. Such a move seems timely, keeping in mind the popular claim that in the Anthropocene, humans have become a geologic force. At the same time, it opens up a down-to-earth form of geopolitics that exceeds classic notions of the term, attending to different geologic scales; to living bodies, human and nonhuman; to solid rock; and to the planet. We develop our argument through engagement with two sites. One concerns the inscription of human activities in volcanic rock, the second the embodiment of isotopes in living beings. These examples raise questions about the multiple scales of geosociality, which intertwine biography and Earth “itself.”We acknowledge the financial support of the Aarhus University and the University of Iceland as well as the Norwegian Centre for Advanced Study (CAS), which hosted the research project "Arctic Domestication in the Era of the Anthropocene," led by Marianne Elisabeth Lien, and funded our stay in Oslo during the academic year 2015-16. Also, we thank other colleagues and CAS participants who commented and helped to generate our writing: Marisol de la Cadena, Frida Hastrup, Tim Ingold, Britt Kramvig, Kjersti Larsen, John Law, Andrew Mathews, Knud G. Nustad, Benjamin Orlove, Barbara Prainsack, Hugh Raffles, Anna Lowenhaupt Tsing, and Helen Verran. Furthermore, we thank the people whom we interviewed and who helped us track the stories of the roaming volcano (porir Olafsson, Pall Einarsson, and Valdimar K. Jonsson) and geosocial salmon (Rachel Johnson and George Whitman). Finally, we greatly appreciate the careful reading and comments by editor Thom van Dooren, Sverker Sorlin, and two anonymous readers.Peer Reviewe

Development of the escape response in teleost fishes: do ontogenetic changes enable improved performance?

Teleost fishes typically first encounter the environment as free-swimming embryos or larvae. Larvae are morphologically distinct from adults, and major anatomical structures are unformed. Thus, larvae undergo a series of dramatic morphological changes until they reach adult morphology (but are reproductively immature) and are considered juveniles. Free-swimming embryos and larvae are able to perform a C-start, an effective escape response that is used evade predators. However, escape response performance improves during early development: as young fish grow, they swim faster (length-specific maximum velocity increases) and perform the escape more rapidly (time to complete the behavior decreases). These improvements cease when fish become juveniles, although absolute swimming velocity (m s(-1)) continues to increase. We use studies of escape behavior and ontogeny in California halibut (Paralichthys californicus), rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), and razorback suckers (Xyrauchen texanus) to test the hypothesis that specific morphological changes improve escape performance. We suggest that formation of the caudal fin improves energy transfer to the water and therefore increases thrust production and swimming velocity. In addition, changes to the axial skeleton during the larval period produce increased axial stiffness, which in turn allows the production of a more rapid and effective escape response. Because escape performance improves as adult morphology develops, fish that enter the environment in an advanced stage of development (i.e., those with direct development) should have a greater ability to evade predators than do fish that enter the environment at an early stage of development (i.e., those with indirect development)

Distributed Generation: Cleaner, Cheaper, Stronger - Industrial Efficiency in the Changing Utility Landscape

Electricity is illuminating, but its generation, transmission, and distribution have long been opaque. This report looks at how the once static utility industry is becoming a dynamic and transformative opportunity for the nation's economic, environmental, and energy future.An array of technological, competitive, and market forces are changing how the U.S. generates power and the ways that Americans interact with the electric grid. A century-old centralized system is yielding to advanced, distributed-energy generation capabilities -- in which power is produced at or near the place where it is consumed -- that allow the industry to respond to new market opportunities and evolving consumer desires.The report concludes with an evaluation of the impact of key regulatory and legislative policies on the deployment of industrial energy efficiency technologies in order to help federal policymakers effectively encourage adoption of these systems. The Pew Charitable Trusts commissioned ICF International Inc. to model these policies and found that implementation of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Clean Power Plan and an improved federal investment tax credit could result in a 27 percent increase in adoption by 2030