Galois module structure of Galois cohomology for embeddable cyclic extensions of degree p^n

Let p>2 be prime, and let n,m be positive integers. For cyclic field extensions E/F of degree p^n that contain a primitive pth root of unity, we show that the associated F_p[Gal(E/F)]-modules H^m(G_E,mu_p) have a sparse decomposition. When E/F is additionally a subextension of a cyclic, degree p^{n+1} extension E'/F, we give a more refined F_p[Gal(E/F)]-decomposition of H^m(G_E,mu_p)

Hilbert 90 for biquadratic extensions

Hilbert's Theorem 90 is a classical result in the theory of cyclic extensions. The quadratic case of Hilbert 90, however, generalizes in noncyclic directions as well. Informed by a poem of Richard Wilbur, the article explores several generalizations, discerning connections among multiplicative groups of fields, values of binary quadratic forms, a bit of module theory over group rings, and even Galois cohomology.Comment: v2 (15 pages); followed Monthly style sheet and added additional expositio

The Great War : images of reality in the French novel

War destroys the sensibility of the mind yet paradoxically it can heighten emotion and perception. Although the Great War for Civilisation destroyed the youth of an entire generation, although it irrevocably scarred the face of modern French history, its repercussions were, nevertheless, deeply lodge in the country's subsequent literary output. A link emerged between war and literature formerly unknown, as many established writers became involved in the fighting and civilians temporarily transformed into soldiers gave vent to their feelings in a secondary war of words. This thesis investigates the merging of the real with the imaginary, the threading together of historical fact and literary technique. The Introduction places emphasis upon the final weeks of peace leading up to the outbreak of hostilities and the portrayal of these events in the French novel. Each chapter then deals with different aspects of trench warfare on the Western Front. In Chapter I, I consider the innocence and naivety with which men went to war, their failure to take the situation seriously, their curiosity, their refusal to fear. The traditional heroic and patriotic spirit that has romanticized war in the past, however is completely destroyed in Chapters II and III, as a different picture is painted by those who gained first-hand experience of the horrors of the Front. In Chapter IV the telling effects of these horrors upon the wretched mortals who, day after day, month after month, endured the most inhuman existence imaginable, are assessed, and the themes of death, depersonalization and dehumanization closely examined. The absurdity of war, both in the trenches and on the "home front", is dealt with in Chapters V and VI. Chapter VII focuses attention on the utter folly of a situation where nobody wanted to fight, to be killed, and yet where no-one dared to reuse the wishes of the politicians and commanding officers who continued to accelerate the "war effort" despite rising casualties. Chapter VI adopts a different viewpoint as shared by those who remained behind. The total breakdown in communication and understanding between soldiers and civilians is clearly depicted and the wedge driven between the two, strongly emphasized. The final chapter paintes quite a different picture of war, revealing the more positive, more enjoyable, more humerous [sic] aspects of life in the trenches. The Great War was not the war to end all wars, as had been hoped, indeed, it began a new pattern of fighting more devastating, more frightening than ever before. In conclusion, I pose the question whether 1918 brought final victory or merely a temporary cease fire, an anti-climax; attention is drawn to a possible fascinating comparison between the literature of the First World War and that of the Second World War, and to the recent revival in interest in the Great War which involvement in the Second World War has inevitably brought about. Nowadays, perhaps more than at any other time during the past 40 years, is the message of the "war novel" appropriate and meaningful. It failed to prevent the outbreak of hostilities in 1939; will it succeed in maintaining world peace in the future

Monoamines, Individual Decisons, and Collective-Organization of Pavement Ant Wars

Disertação de mestrado em Relações Internacionais, apresentada à Faculdade de Economia da Universidade de Coimbra, sob a orientação de José Manuel Pureza e Reginaldo Mattar Nasser.O conflito Israelense-Palestino é analisado de forma crítica nessa dissertação, com destaque para o contexto político e econômico do processo de paz de Oslo. No plano conceitual, o aspecto crítico é utilizado como uma forma de desconstrução teórica do modelo da paz liberal e do discurso da paz pelo comércio como um meio de resolução do conflito Israelense-Palestino. O objetivo dessa dissertação é, portanto, demonstrar que o processo de paz instaurado pelos Acordos de Oslo de 1993 está associado a um processo de privatização da paz no conflito Israelense-Palestino, e que teve origem nas reformas neoliberais ocorridas em Israel a partir de 1985. Desta forma, destacados empresários israelenses e palestinos passaram a formar um lobby privatista pela paz no conflito Israelense-Palestino. Pretende-se também demonstrar que o processo da paz de Oslo resultou em uma intensificação da dependência econômica palestina em relação a Israel, gerando uma situação de deterioração econômica nos territórios palestinos. Essa agenda negativa gerou uma crescente insatisfação palestina contra a dominação colonialista israelense, o que levou à eclosão da primeira intifada em 1987 e ao surgimento do Hamas em 1988, gerando um processo de fragmentação política nos territórios palestinos entre o partido tradicional Fatah e o grupo de resistência islâmica Hamas. A disputa pela hegemonia na política palestina se deu, entre outros fatores, por conta da má gestão do Fatah no comando da Autoridade Nacional Palestina (ANP), envolvendo casos de corrupção em torno de uma elite política e econômica disposta a reproduzir o neoliberalismo como modelo de desenvolvimento econômico nos territórios palestinos. Desta forma, o Hamas passou a promover um intenso ativismo social perante os palestinos e a resistir de forma violenta à dominação colonialista israelense nos territórios palestinos. Portanto, o processo de paz de Oslo está associado nesta dissertação a um contexto de deterioração econômica e de fragmentação política palestina, e ao processo de privatização da paz no conflito Israelense-Palestino