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    Estudo populacional de síndrome pré-menstrual Population study of premenstrual syndrome

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    OBJETIVO: Estudar a prevalĂȘncia e fatores associados Ă  sĂ­ndrome prĂ©-menstrual, comparando a freqĂŒĂȘncia encontrada com a auto-referida. MÉTODOS: Foi realizado um estudo transversal, de base populacional, com 1.395 mulheres de 15 a 49 anos no municĂ­pio de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, em 2003. Foram aplicados questionĂĄrios para medir a prevalĂȘncia da sĂ­ndrome prĂ© menstrual por meio de um escore, construĂ­do a partir de cinco sintomas prĂ©-menstruais que interferiam na vida familiar ou levavam Ă  falta ao trabalho ou Ă  escola. Foram investigadas associaçÔes entre alguns fatores socioeconĂŽmicos, demogrĂĄficos e comportamentais. A sĂ­ndrome auto-referida foi investigada quanto Ă  sua sensibilidade e especificidade, considerando o escore como padrĂŁo-ouro. As anĂĄlises estatĂ­sticas utilizadas foram chi2 de Pearson, Mantel Haenszel e regressĂŁo de Poisson, alĂ©m do coeficiente de Kappa para verificar concordĂąncia de respostas. RESULTADOS: A prevalĂȘncia encontrada foi de 25,2% (IC 95%: 22,5-27,9) e auto-referida 60,3% (IC 95%: 57,4-63,3). Os principais sintomas prĂ©-menstruais foram: irritabilidade, desconforto abdominal, nervosismo, cefalĂ©ia, cansaço e mastalgia, todos acima de 50% de prevalĂȘncia. Mulheres de melhor nĂ­vel econĂŽmico, maior escolaridade, menores de 30 anos e com pele branca apresentaram risco mais elevado. As usuĂĄrias de psicofĂĄrmacos e as que nĂŁo usavam anticoncepção hormonal apresentaram maior prevalĂȘncia. A sensibilidade do teste foi de 94%, a especificidade 51% e a acurĂĄcia 62%. CONCLUSÕES: Foi alta a prevalĂȘncia da sĂ­ndrome prĂ©-menstrual encontrada. Embora a percepção das mulheres seja maior do que aquela medida com o escore, ainda assim, um quarto das mulheres apresentou esse problema de saĂșde.<br>OBJECTIVE: To study the prevalence of premenstrual syndrome and the factors associated with this, by comparing the obtained frequency with the self-reported frequency. METHODS:This was a cross-sectional population-based study, involving 1,395 women aged 15 to 49 years old in a medium-sized municipality in Southern Brazil, carried out in 2003. Questionnaires were applied to measure the prevalence of premenstrual syndrome by means of a score based on five premenstrual symptoms that interfered with family life or led to absence from work or school. Associations with socioeconomic, demographic and behavioral variables were investigated. Self-reported syndrome was investigated with regard to its sensitivity and specificity, taking the score as the gold standard. The statistical analyses performed were Pearson chi2, Mantel-Haenszel and Poisson regression, with Kappa coefficients to verify the concordance of the responses. RESULTS: The obtained prevalence was 25.2% (95% CI: 22.5-27.9) and the self-reported prevalence was 60.3% (95% CI: 57.4-63.3). The principal premenstrual symptoms found were: irritability, abdominal discomfort, nervousness, headache, fatigue and breast pain; all of these showed prevalence of over 50%. Higher risk was presented by women of higher socioeconomic level, better schooling level, aged under 30 years and with white skin color. Psychotropic drug users and women who were not using any hormonal contraceptive presented higher prevalence of the syndrome. The sensitivity of the test was 94%, specificity 51% and accuracy 62%. CONCLUSIONS: A high prevalence of premenstrual syndrome was found. Even though the women's perception of the syndrome was higher than the result measured by the symptom score, one quarter of the women presented this health problem
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