Karakteristik Edible Film dari Pektin Hasil Ekstraksi Kulit Pisang

Banana peel is a waste of banana processing industries which is obviously uneconomy and unfriendly to the environment. However, this material could be used as a source of important natural compounds, such as pectin. Owing to the fact that pectin has good gelling properties, it can be used to make edible film. The objectives of this research were to extract and characterize pectin from banana peel and to make edible film from the obtained pectin by using glycerol as plasticizer. Characterization of edible films were conducted in terms of color, thickness, elongation, tensile strength and water vapor transmission. The research used factorial completely randomized design. The results showed that yield of pectin made from ambon banana peel ripeness level one was 8.42% with the characteristics werewater content : 11.27% (<12%), ash content : 1.70%, low methoxil content : 4.15% (<7%) and galacturonat content : 25.86% (65%). The addition of glycerol significantly increased elongation and decreased tensile strength of edible film. Based on edible film result, the recomended treatment is the addition with glycerol 20% as plasticizer of pectin based edible film. Keywords : banana peel,pectin,edible film

APLIKASI KITOSAN DENGAN PENAMBAHAN EKSTRAK BAWANG PUTIH SEBAGAI PENGAWET DAN PELAPIS EDIBEL BAKSO SAPI (Chitosan Application with Addition of Garlic Extract as a Preservative and Meatballs Edibel Coating)

The main objective of this research was to to prolong the shelf life of beef meatball by using chitosan with the addition of garlic extract. Two methods of application, i.e. as preservative agent by mixing chitosan with meatball ingredients and as coating of meatball have been conducted. Prior to application, antimicrobial activities of chitosan and chitosan enriched with garlic extract were assessed by diffusion agar methods. It showed that chitosan solution of 1% (w/v) enriched with garlic extract 2% (v/v) could inhibit Pseudomonas aureginosa and Bacillus cereus.The application of chitosan enriched with garlic extract as preservative agent could extend the shelf-life of meatball only for 12 hours while its application as edible coating could extend the shelf life of beef meatball until 24 hours when stored at room temperature. This result revealed that the application of chitosan with garlic extract as edible coating were more effective in controlling microbiological growth in meatball than as preservative agent. The micrograph obtained by SEM showed that the surfaces of meatball coated with chitosan were more smooth and compact than those of meatball without coatings.Keywords: chitosan, antimicrobial film, preservative, meatball, edible coatin

Perspectives on utilization of edible coatings and nano-laminate coatings for extension of postharvest storage of fruits and vegetables

It is known that in developing countries, a large quantity of fruit and vegetable losses results at postharvest and processing stages due to poor or scarce storage technology and mishandling during harvest. The use of new and innovative technologies for reducing postharvest losses is a requirement that has not been fully covered. The use of edible coatings (mainly based on biopolymers) as a postharvest technique for agricultural commodities has offered biodegradable alternatives in order to solve problems (e.g., microbiological growth) during produce storage. However, biopolymer-based coatings can present some disadvantages such as: poor mechanical properties (e.g., lipids) or poor water vapor barrier properties (e.g., polysaccharides), thus requiring the development of new alternatives to solve these drawbacks. Recently, nanotechnology has emerged as a promising tool in the food processing industry, providing new insights about postharvest technologies on produce storage. Nanotechnological approaches can contribute through the design of functional packing materials with lower amounts of bioactive ingredients, better gas and mechanical properties and with reduced impact on the sensorial qualities of the fruits and vegetables. This work reviews some of the main factors involved in postharvest losses and new technologies for extension of postharvest storage of fruits and vegetables, focused on perspective uses of edible coatings and nano-laminate coatings.María L. Flores-López thanks Mexican Science and Technology Council (CONACYT, Mexico) for PhD fellowship support (CONACYT Grant Number: 215499/310847). Miguel A. Cerqueira (SFRH/BPD/72753/2010) is recipient of a fellowship from the Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT, POPH-QREN and FSE Portugal). The authors also thank the FCT Strategic Project of UID/ BIO/04469/2013 unit, the project RECI/BBB-EBI/0179/2012 (FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-027462) and the project ‘‘BioInd Biotechnology and Bioengineering for improved Industrial and AgroFood processes,’’ REF. NORTE-07-0124-FEDER-000028 Co-funded by the Programa Operacional Regional do Norte (ON.2 – O Novo Norte), QREN, FEDER. Fundação Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico – FUNCAP, CE Brazil (CI10080-00055.01.00/13)

Aplikasi Pelapis Bionanokomposit Berbasis Karagenan untuk Mempertahankan Mutu Buah Mangga Utuh

Mango is one of Indonesia export comodities which vulnerable to decay during transportation and storage. Coating is known as an effective method to overcome such shortcomings of mango during storage. The objective of this study is to examine the effect of carrageenan-based bionanocomposite coating application for maintaining quality of mango type Gedong gincu stored at 20 oC as well as characterize the mechanicaland water vapor barier properties of resulting film. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) (1 % w/w carrageenan) and beeswax (3 % v/v solution), as hydrophobic component, were incorporated into carrageenan polymer to produce bionanocomposite solution. The results showed the mechanical and water vapor barrier properties of carrageenan films were improved by the addition of beeswax and ZnO NPs. N1B1 (carrageenan + beeswax + ZnO NPs) emerged as the most effective coating formulation to delay the change of weightloss, firmness, CO2 production, total acidity as well as alteration in color parameters (L, a and b) of mangoduring storage. Carrageenan-based bionanocomposite coating was potential as alternative method to keepthe quality of mango during storage