90 research outputs found
On Relation between Constraint Answer Set Programming and Satisfiability Modulo Theories
Constraint answer set programming is a promising research direction that
integrates answer set programming with constraint processing. It is often
informally related to the field of satisfiability modulo theories. Yet, the
exact formal link is obscured as the terminology and concepts used in these two
research areas differ. In this paper, we connect these two research areas by
uncovering the precise formal relation between them. We believe that this work
will booster the cross-fertilization of the theoretical foundations and the
existing solving methods in both areas. As a step in this direction we provide
a translation from constraint answer set programs with integer linear
constraints to satisfiability modulo linear integer arithmetic that paves the
way to utilizing modern satisfiability modulo theories solvers for computing
answer sets of constraint answer set programs.Comment: Under consideration in Theory and Practice of Logic Programming
(TPLP
The EZSMT Solver: Constraint Answer Set Solving meets SMT
Constraint answer set programming is a promising research direction that integrates answer set programming with constraint processing. It is often informally related to the field of Satisfiability Modulo Theories. Yet, the exact formal link is obscured as the terminology and concepts used in these two research areas differ. In this thesis, by connecting these two areas, we begin the cross-fertilization of not only of the theoretical foundations of both areas but also of the existing solving technologies. We present the system EZSMT, one of the first solvers of this nature, which is able to take a large class of constraint answer set programs and rewrite them into Satisfiability Modulo Theories programs so that Satisfiability Modulo Theories technology can be used to process these programs
Assessing the Theory of Demographics as Destiny & Patterns of Bloc Voting in the United States
By 2044, it is predicted that America will be a majority-minority country-- that is, a plurality of minorities will begin to outnumber white people. Some suggest that this demographic trend suggests the demise of the Republican party, thanks to their historical paucity of support amongst minority communities. This has been deemed the Demographics as Destiny theory. This paper argues that the theory of Demographics as Destiny is based on four assumptions:
1) that the population of minority communities will continue to grow by leaps and bounds;
2) that minorities will soon register to vote and cast ballots in proportion to their share of the population;
3) that minorities will continue indefinitely to be a reliable part of the Democratic coalition;
4) that minority allegiance to the Democratic party will offset shifts along different variables, such as age.
The paper uses the case study of South Carolina\u27s demographic shift to determine whether Demographics is becoming Destiny in the Palmetto State; examines the history of black and latino allegiance to the Democratic party and the Republican adoption of the Southern Strategy which formed the demographic bloc cohorts as they are understood today; identifies successful and unsuccessful strategies to GOTV in minority communities (as well as campaigns and NGOs which have utilized these strategies to greatest effect), offers an assessment of RNC and DNC strategy w/r/t bringing out voters of color, and examines accusations of voter suppression, voter fraud, and gerrymandering in the 2016 primary
SMT-Based Constraint Answer Set Solver EZSMT (System Description)
Constraint answer set programming is a promising research direction that integrates answer set programming with constraint processing. Recently, the formal link between this research area and satisfiability modulo theories (or SMT) was established. This link allows the cross-fertilization between traditionally different solving technologies. The paper presents the system ezsmt, one of the first SMT-based solvers for constraint answer set programming. It also presents the comparative analysis of the performance of ezsmt in relation to its peers including solvers EZCSP, CLINGCON, and MINGO. Experimental results demonstrate that SMT is a viable technology for constraint answer set programming
Constraint Answer Set Programming versus Satisfiability Modulo Theories
Constraint answer set programming is a promising research direction that integrates answer set programming with constraint processing. It is often informally related to the field of Satisfiability Modulo Theories. Yet, the exact formal link is obscured as the terminology and concepts used in these two research areas differ. In this paper, we make the link between these two areas precise
Prepositional Phrase Attachment Problem Revisited: How VERBNET Can Help
Resolving attachment ambiguities is a pervasive problem in syntactic analysis. We propose and investigate an approach to resolving prepositional phrase attachment that centers around the ways of incorporating semantic knowledge derived from the lexico-semantic ontologies such as VERBNET and WORDNET
A Framework for Understanding Visits by Frequent Attenders in Family Practice
OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to develop a typology of outpatient visits between family physicians and adult “frequent attender” patients.
STUDY DESIGN: This was a cross-sectional observational study using qualitative analysis of family physician visits. Three family physician researchers reviewed detailed field notes for each patient based on direct observation of a single office visit to determine major themes and characteristics of physician-patient encounters.
POPULATION: Non-pregnant adults in the top 5% for visit frequency, and age-and sex-matched non-frequent attenders were identified from among 1194 adult patients in 18 Midwestern family practice offices as part of The Prevention and Competing Demands in Primary Care Study.
RESULTS: Visits by 62 patients who had made at least 25 visits in the previous 2 years were selected (frequent attender visits). Three major dimensions emerged to distinguish different encounter types: (1) biomedical complexity, (2) psychosocial complexity, and (3) the degree of dissonance between the patient and the physician. These 3 dimensions were used in a descriptive framework to characterize visit types as: simple medical, ritual visit, complicated medical, the tango, simple frustration, psychosocial disconnect, medical disharmony, and the heartsink visit.
CONCLUSIONS: The discovery of a wide variation of encounter types among adult frequent attenders and the resulting descriptive framework laid a foundation for defining the appropriateness of outpatient health care utilization, for designing interventions to reduce inappropriate utilization, and for educating physicians regarding effective management of frequent-attender patients
A Framework for Understanding Visits by Frequent Attenders in Family Practice
OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to develop a typology of outpatient visits between family physicians and adult “frequent attender” patients. STUDY DESIGN: This was a cross-sectional observational study using qualitative analysis of family physician visits. Three family physician researchers reviewed detailed field notes for each patient based on direct observation of a single office visit to determine major themes and characteristics of physician-patient encounters. POPULATION: Non-pregnant adults in the top 5% for visit frequency, and age-and sex-matched non-frequent attenders were identified from among 1194 adult patients in 18 Midwestern family practice offices as part of The Prevention and Competing Demands in Primary Care Study. RESULTS: Visits by 62 patients who had made at least 25 visits in the previous 2 years were selected (frequent attender visits). Three major dimensions emerged to distinguish different encounter types: (1) biomedical complexity, (2) psychosocial complexity, and (3) the degree of dissonance between the patient and the physician. These 3 dimensions were used in a descriptive framework to characterize visit types as: simple medical, ritual visit, complicated medical, the tango, simple frustration, psychosocial disconnect, medical disharmony, and the heartsink visit. CONCLUSIONS: The discovery of a wide variation of encounter types among adult frequent attenders and the resulting descriptive framework laid a foundation for defining the appropriateness of outpatient health care utilization, for designing interventions to reduce inappropriate utilization, and for educating physicians regarding effective management of frequent-attender patients
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