International perspectives on Gender, science and Development

International perspective on Issues in Gender, Science and Economic Development Abstract The gender issues in science and economic development have two major dimensions: economic opportunities for women and abilities of women. The focus of this study is on economic opportunities for women from a global perspective. While there are significant increases in the female labor force participation rates in almost all countries, the proportion of female professional and technical workers remains much smaller. Using data from fifty countries with high human development index, we find that high index of achievement in education and high per capita incomes are important factors that contribute to the growth of professional and technical women workers. Gender empowerment index alone does not guarantee increased participation of women in science and technology.Gender empowerment; human development

Green HRM: Practices and Strategic Implementation in the Organizations

Green HRM is the emerging topic in current scenario. There is increasing require for strategic Green HRM the combination of environmental management into HRM. Organizations Human Resource function can be important in helping a broad approach for making a culture of sustainability. The strategy engage applying changes to the different functions of HR like recruitment, induction, training and development, conducting performance appraisal, and also determining employee compensation. Green HRM scheme within HR form a wider form of corporate social responsibility. The Green Human Resource Management will participate an important role in organizations to help the environment related problems by assuming it, in management philosophy, HR policies and practices, training people and implementation of laws related to Environment safety. In this paper an attempt has been made to promote the importance Green HR involves two essential elements environment friendly HR practices and preservation of Knowledge capital. Green HRM means using every employee interface in such a manner in order to promote and maintain sustainable business practices as well as creating awareness, which in turn, helps organizations to operate in an environmentally sustainable fashion. Hence, Green HRM encompasses two major elements: environmental-friendly HR practices and the preservation of the knowledge capital. Present study, focus on Green HRM as a strategic initiative by the corporate to promote sustainable business practices

Knowledge, skills of female health workers regarding selected non communicable diseases risk reduction and client satisfaction: a pilot study from western part of Rajasthan, India

Background: The increasing burden of Non communicable diseases calls for added role on the part of health professionals. The female Health workers being the closest to population play an important role in alleviating the problem to great extent. Objective of this study was to assess the Knowledge, and skills of female health workers (FHWs) regarding selected non communicable diseases risk reduction and the client satisfaction with NCD skill services performed by FHWs.Methods: This study was undertaken at selected health centres of Jodhpur. FHWs working at these centres and women receiving health services from FHWs were recruited for the study. Data were collected using predesigned NCD knowledge questionnaire, skill checklist and client satisfaction scale. Method of data collection were paper pencil questionnaire, observation and interview. Descriptive and inferential statistics were calculated to summarize demographics and key variables.Results: Nearly 24% and 35% of FHWs had average knowledge regarding HTN/ diabetes, breast and cervical cancer respectively. 47% of subjects had good level of knowledge regarding mental health. Most of FHWs (77%) had adequate BP measurement and RBS testing skills. Majority had inadequate breast examination and waist circumference measurement skills. Level of knowledge related to hypertension and diabetes were found to be significantly associated with NCD training of health workers in past (p level=0.03). Nearly 67% of the women were satisfied with the NCD health services provided by FHWs.Conclusions: Overall FHWs had average level of awareness regarding different NCDs’ prevention and control. Routine skills pertaining to NCDs screening methods such as BP and blood glucose measurement were adequate among FHWs. Overall women were satisfied with the NCD related health services provided by FHWs. Being an important concern there is need to plan refresher training programs for these health workers so that their services can be effectively utilized for prevention and control of NCDs

Post-operative complications and visual outcome in eye camp patients undergoing sutureless cataract surgery at a Base Hospital in Vijayapura District, South India

Background: Cataract is the principal cause of blindness in India, accounting for 62.6%. This problem can be tackled, and the backlog of cataract blind can be reduced by performing cataract operations on a large scale. Base hospital approach with screening camps has shown good visual outcome with lesser complications.Aim and Objectives: To study the profile of postoperative complications and visual outcome in eye camp patients undergoing cataract surgery at the base hospital.Materials and Methods: In this cross‑sectional study, 413 patients were included following screening at community screening camps. Patients underwent sutureless small‑incision cataract extraction with intraocular lens implantation under local anesthesia at the base hospital. Postoperative complications and visual outcome were recorded.Results: Immediate postoperative complications were corneal edema (9.44%), striate keratitis (6.77%), expected uveitis (5.56%), secondary glaucoma (2.66%), residual lens matter (2.66%), iris prolapsed (0.48%) and shallow anterior chamber (0.24%), hyphema (0.24%) and iris incarceration (0.24%). Endophthalmitis was reported in 0.48% (one grew citrobacter, rarely reported). Late complications included posterior capsular opacification (3.87%) noted and retinal detachment (0.48%) later. Majority 83.39% of the patients had postoperative best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) between 6/6 and 6/18, 13.42% had BCVA between 6/18 and 6/60, 3.19% had BCVA < 6/60 as at 6 months follow‑up visit (overall percentage is 100%).Conclusions: The overall vision‑threatening complications after cataract extraction in the base hospital are low. Our study reflects the efficacy of the base hospital approach, in terms of visual and surgical outcome, as an important aspect from the public health point of view, which can help in clearing the cataract backlog in developing countries like India.Keywords: Cataract surgery, postoperative complication, postoperative visual outcom

Fixed-removable partial denture - A case report

One of the most common stigmas prevalent in dental practice is quackery. This targets the practice from both the ends: The service provider and patient population. This article reports a case where such a practice permanently damaged the patient’s teeth finally making the patient completely edentulous at an early age and also discusses the various hazards caused by quackery in dentistry

A case of synovial lipomatosis with chronic synovitis presenting as acute knee pain

Background: Synovial lipomatosis is a rare, benign, intra-articular lipoma-like lesion characterized by villous proliferation of the synovium, most commonly affecting the knee joint. The usual presentation is long standing progressive swelling of the affected joint, with or without pain and restriction of movements. Histopathology is confirmatory. Case Report: We present the case of a 35- year old male patient with long standing history of swelling, short history of pain in the left knee joint. X-Ray and magnetic resonance imaging scans of the left knee showed the characteristic features of synovial lipomatosis with chronic synovitis. The patient underwent diagnostic arthroscopy with lavage of left knee joint. Histopathological study confirmed synovial lipomatosis with chronic synovitis. Conclusion: Synovial lipomatosis is a rare, benign, intra-articular lipoma-like lesion. Although rare, clinically it should be considered as an important differential in evaluating neoplastic and non- neoplastic conditions of the knee joint

Traditional Knowledge on few Medicinal Plants of Biligirirangana Hill, Karnataka, India

Biligirirangana hills (BR Hills) is located in Yelandur taluk, Chamarajanagar District, Western Ghats towards Tamilnadu. The ethno botanical plant survey was executed for the documentation of therapeutic plants. The tribal people have the inborn knowledge about the medicinal plants and their use. In this presentstudy, we have selected 90 plant species belonging to 48 families out of which 38 plant species are herbs, 16 shrubs, 27 treesand 9 climbers were identified with their appropriate information and reported in this paper with their medicinal uses according to tribal communities to cure different ailments. The most common illness treated by the traditional healers are jaundice, diabetes, asthma, fever, cold, cough, digestive problems, piles, paralysis, skin problems, diarrhoea, haemorrhage, kidney problem, gastrointestinal disorders etc

Role of modified biophysical profile and cerebroplacental ratio in fetal outcome in low risk and high risk pregnancies

Background: The timely detection of morbid changes in the fetal status followed by adequate interventions to avoid death or disability is one of the most important objectives of prenatal care. Objective of present study was to Comparing the role of modified biophysical profile and the cerebroplacental ratio in fetal outcome in low risk and high risk pregnancies.Methods: Two hundred and seventy three singleton pregnant women were included in this study. Following routine examination, amniotic fluid index, pulsatility index of middle cerebral artery and pulsatility index of umbilical artery, uterine artery mean pulsatility index were evaluated. Non stress test (NST) was done. Modified biophysical profile (MBPP) and Cerebroplacental ratio (CPR in percentile) was generated. Caeserean section because of Fetal distress, birth weight 24hours were used in evaluating the perinatal outcome.Results: Out of 273 cases, 107 cases had poor perinatal outcome. Out of 107 cases, 35.5% cases were IUGR, 39.2% cases underwent caesarean section in view of fetal distress, 39.2% babies had 5min APGAR 24hrs. In high risk cases, poor perinatal outcome was seen in 45.5% pregnancies and 36.7% in low risk pregnancies. Sixty seven percent of these cases had abnormal modified biophysical profile and only 7.4% cases had cerebroplacental ratio <1.Conclusions: Modified biophysical profile was proved to be more significant than cerebroplacental ratio in prediction of perinatal outcome.

Long-Term Management of Esophageal Varices by Endoscopic Sclerotherapy (EST): A Review of 12 Years' Experience

A total of 566 patients with variceal bleeding caused by cirrhosis of the liver, noncirrhotic portal fibrosis (NCPF) and extrahepatic portal venous obstruction (EHO) were treated by repeated endoscopic injection sclerotherapy. This decreased rebleeding was evidenced by a reduction in mean bleeding risk factor and transfusion requirement. Both the factors were significantly (P < 0.001) decreased in all three groups of patients. Rebleeding occurred before eradication in 27.7% of patients with cirrhosis, 24.3% of those with NCPF, and 11% of those with EHO. Significantly more patients with cirrhosis and NCPF bled in comparison to EHO. Irrespective of the etiology, fewer patients of Child's A class bled than those of Child's B and C classes (P < 0.001). The median bleeding-free period was longer in patients with EHO than in those with cirrhosis (P < 0.05). This period was also significantly longer in Child's A class than in Child's B and the latter had a longer median bleeding-free period than Child's C class (P < 0.01). Variceal eradication was achieved in 80% of patients with cirrhosis, 87% of patients with NCPF, and 90% of patients with EHO. The success of variceal eradication was higher in EHO patients in contrast with patients with cirrhosis of the liver. Similarly, eradication was better in Child's A class patients than in Child's B and C class patients. Recurrence of varices and complications were not influenced by the Child's status or etiology of portal hypertension. The probability of survival at 10 years was higher in patients with EHO (88%) and NCPF (80%) than in patients with cirrhosis (50%). Similarly, patients with Child's A (88%) status survived longer than those with Child's B (42%) status, and patients with Child's B status had a longer survival than Child's C status patients (0%). Thus, endoscopic variceal sclerotherapy appears to be a useful procedure for the long-term management of patients after an esophageal variceal bleeding irrespective of the etiology of portal hypertension