adultreprov2

Adultreprov2: Data set includes data from the 2007-2008 study (study 1) and fish collected by purse seine and sampled non-lethally in 2012 (study 2). a.Sex is set up as a character variable (F=female) and numeric (sexx, 2=female); tl=total length; small is a size category (<850 mm TL=small); reproductive phases are based on Brown-Peterson et al. (2011). GSI=gonadosomatic index. Mature categorizes immature (1) and mature fish (2)

Aerial surveys 2012 2013

Aerial surveys 2012 2013: Data set includes the date, location, and method for identifying red drum spawning aggregations

subadults

Subadults: data set includes biological data for subadults sampled in the estuary. c.Parameters are the same as in the Adultreprov2 with the exception of total_weight which is measured in grams. Age is in years and based on fin rays

Appendix B. A video of one species of fish spawning and another species of fish immediately feeding on the egg boon produced by the spawning fishes.

A video of one species of fish spawning and another species of fish immediately feeding on the egg boon produced by the spawning fishes

Logistic regression model fit statistics for probability of encountering a fish within 48 hours of spawning, with percent deviance explained (i.e. percent variability explained by inclusion of additional variable); cross-validation results for Area Under the Curve (AUC), False Positive Rate (FPR) and False Negative Rate (FNR); and percentage of 500 runs where random variable inclusion in model outperformed model-selected bathymetric variable (‘Random test’).

<p>See <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0172968#sec002" target="_blank">Methods</a> for additional details.</p

Input variables considered in logistic regression model.

<p>Input variables considered in logistic regression model.</p

Summary statistics for water depth (m), salinity (ppt), and temperature (°C) during SERFS observations of spawning condition females.

<p>Summary statistics for water depth (m), salinity (ppt), and temperature (°C) during SERFS observations of spawning condition females.</p

Vermilion Snapper spawning.

<p>Maps of Edisto MPA (green) square and surrounding shelf edge showing <b>A)</b> Depth from multibeam bathymetry and SERFS samples with spawning condition (stars) and non-spawning condition (Xs) female vermilion snapper, <b>B)</b> BPI from Benthic Terrain Modeler and squares denoting habitat type (HB: hardbottom, NH: not hardbottom, PH: potential hardbottom) from SEAMAP-SA, <b>C)</b> Model predictions of spawning locations at month and lunar phase of peak spawning and MARMAP fishery-dependent samples of spawning condition female Vermilion Snapper (crosses), and <b>D)</b> standard error in model predictions of peak spawning.</p

Number of collections from MARMAP/SERFS and FWC fishery-independent data with histological sampling (Samples), with number of sets containing females within 48 hours of spawning (Female Spawners), number of sets containing females and males within 48 hours of spawning (All Spawners), number of sets with three or more histologically-sampled fish for the species (Valid Sets), and number Valid Sets within the high-resolution multibeam bathymetry (MB Valid Sets).

<p>Number of collections from MARMAP/SERFS and FWC fishery-independent data with histological sampling (Samples), with number of sets containing females within 48 hours of spawning (Female Spawners), number of sets containing females and males within 48 hours of spawning (All Spawners), number of sets with three or more histologically-sampled fish for the species (Valid Sets), and number Valid Sets within the high-resolution multibeam bathymetry (MB Valid Sets).</p

Timing and locations of reef fish spawning off the southeastern United States

<div><p>Managed reef fish in the Atlantic Ocean of the southeastern United States (SEUS) support a multi-billion dollar industry. There is a broad interest in locating and protecting spawning fish from harvest, to enhance productivity and reduce the potential for overfishing. We assessed spatiotemporal cues for spawning for six species from four reef fish families, using data on individual spawning condition collected by over three decades of regional fishery-independent reef fish surveys, combined with a series of predictors derived from bathymetric features. We quantified the size of spawning areas used by reef fish across many years and identified several multispecies spawning locations. We quantitatively identified cues for peak spawning and generated predictive maps for Gray Triggerfish (<i>Balistes capriscus</i>), White Grunt (<i>Haemulon plumierii</i>), Red Snapper (<i>Lutjanus campechanus</i>), Vermilion Snapper (<i>Rhomboplites aurorubens</i>), Black Sea Bass (<i>Centropristis striata</i>), and Scamp (<i>Mycteroperca phenax</i>). For example, Red Snapper peak spawning was predicted in 24.7–29.0°C water prior to the new moon at locations with high curvature in the 24–30 m depth range off northeast Florida during June and July. External validation using scientific and fishery-dependent data collections strongly supported the predictive utility of our models. We identified locations where reconfiguration or expansion of existing marine protected areas would protect spawning reef fish. We recommend increased sampling off southern Florida (south of 27° N), during winter months, and in high-relief, high current habitats to improve our understanding of timing and location of reef fish spawning off the southeastern United States.</p></div