PEMBERDAYAAN KADER AISYIYAH DAN NASYIATUL ASYIYAH DALAM PENCEGAHAN INFEKSI BAKTERI MULTIDRUGS RESISTANT

Abstrak: Antibiotika diperlukan pada penyakit infeksi dan banyak digunakan masyarakat, 40-62% antibiotik digunakan tidak tepat berakibat mikroorganisme Multiresisten. Asyiyah dan Nasyiatul Aisyiyah Kecamatan Ngawen beranggotakan 200 orang dan 60 orang. Infeksi merupakan masalah kesehatan di Klaten, diperlukan edukasi untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat. Tujuan meningkatkan pemberdayaan kader Aisyiyah dan Nasyiatul Aisyiyah tentang penggunaan antibiotika rasional dan infeksi bakteri Multiresisten. Metode meliputi Sosialisasi tentang antibiotika, bakteri multiresisten. Pembentukan Kelompok Peduli Bakteri Multiresisten (KP-BM), melakukan focus group discussion dan survey penggunaan antibiotika di masyarakat. Terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan kader sebelum dan sesudah sosialisasi, rata-rata nilai pre-test 57,5 dan nilai post-test 82,5. Terbentuk KP-BM terdiri dari 10 orang kader NA dan Asyiyah, hasil pemantauan penggunaan antibiotika dilakukan pada 10 KK. Kesimpulan Pemberdayaan Kader Aisyiyah dan Nasyiatul Aisyiyah tentang pengetahuan Antibiotika dan Bakteri Mutiresisten meningkat dengan kegiatan sosialisasi. Keberlanjutan kegiatan dilakukan KP-BM dengan melakukan kegiatan pendampingan beberapa KK dan melakukan survey pemantauan penggunaan antibiotika sesuai KK pendampingannya.Abstract: Infectious diseases need antibiotics, widely used by community, 40- 62% antibiotics used inappropriately resulting multiresistant microorganisms. Asyiyah and Nasyiatul Aisyiyah, Ngawen consist of 200 and 60 members. Infection is Klaten’s health problem, education is needed to increase public knowledge. The aim to increase empowerment of Aisyiyah and NA cadres regarding rational antibiotics used and multiresistant bacterial infections. Methods: socialization about antibiotics, multiresistant bacteria. Multiresistant Bacteria Care Group (KP-BM) formation, conducting FGD and surveying community antibiotics used. There was an increase cadres knowledge before and after socialization, the average pretest score was 57.5 and posttest score was 82.5. A KP-BM was formed consisting 10 NA and Asyiyah cadres, the results of monitoring antibiotics used were carried out in 10 families. Conclusion Empowerment of Aisyiyah and NA Cadres regarding knowledge of Antibiotics and Multiresistant Bacteria increases. The activity continuation was carried out by KP-BM by mentoring activities for several families and conducting surveys to monitor antibiotics used of accompanying families

Risk Factors and Prognosis of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Infection in a High Prevalence of Tuberculosis Setting

Background: The prevalence and incidence of No

Risk Factors and Prognosis of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Infection in a High Prevalence of Tuberculosis Setting

Background: The prevalence and incidence of No

Gut microbiome analysis in human living close to livestock at Mlati district, Sleman, Yogyakarta

Background: Transmission of pathogenic and non-pathogenic microorganisms from animals to humans can affect the composition of gut bacteria (gut microbiome) in humans and can also be a potential source of transmission of zoonotic diseases. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the gut microbiome interactions between the human and the livestock. Method: This study was a cross-sectional study conducted in Mlati District, Slemanm Yogyakarta. The fecal sample was used to identify parasites by using trichrome staining. Then NGS selected samples were used to analyze the gut microbiome using Illumina high throughput 16S rRNA region V3-V4 sequencing. Result: The analysis showed that Bacteroidetes was prevalent in the HCA group (57%), while Firmicutes (70%) were commonly found in HNC. Regarding the potential parasitic infection, direct microscopic examination and trichrome staining showed that Blastocystis sp and Entamoeba coli cyst was found in several subjects in HCA groups, with prevalence rate at 7.69% and 2.5%. Meanwhile, no parasite was found in HNC feces. Conclusion: There was a significant difference in the gut microbiome and parasitic infections between the HCA and HNC groups, with Blastocystis sp and Entamoeba coli as the most prevalent parasites

Characteristics of clinical isolates of nontuberculous mycobacteria in Java- Indonesia: A multicenter study

Background Nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) lung infections are a major public health concern. Diagnosis of NTM-pulmonary disease (NTM-PD) is difficult because its clinical, microbiological, and radiological features resemble to those of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), leading to misdiagnosis. Identification at the species level is essential for diagnosis and determination of therapy, which is currently not performed routinely in Indonesian laboratories. Methodology and principal findings From January 2020 to May 2021, 94 NTM isolates were collected from three TB referral centers in Java Province. Species were identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Tests were performed to determine antibiotic susceptibility, biofilm formation ability, sliding motility characteristics, and the ability to adhere to and invade pneumocytes. After identifying the species of all the isolates, we found nine groups of NTMs: M. fortuitum group 51% (48/94), M. abscessus 38.3% (36/94), M. intracellulare 3.1% (3/94), M. neoaurum 2.1% (2/94), M. chelonae 1.1% (1/94), M. gordonae 1.1% (1/94), M. szulgai 1.1% (1/94), M. mucogenicum 1.1% (1/94), and M. arupense 1.1% (1/94). Amikacin was the most effective antibiotic against M. fortuitum group and M. abscessus. The M. fortuitum group was significantly better at forming biofilms than M. abscessus, but both had the same sliding motility capability. The ability of the M. fortuitum group to adhere to and invade pneumocytes was better than that of M. abscessus, with the number isolates of the M. fortuitum group capable of superior adhesion and invasion to that of M. abscessus. Conclusions/Significance This study shows that M. fortuitum group and M. abscessus were the most common NTM found in Java, Indonesia. The M. fortuitum group and M. abscessus were the most susceptible to amikacin; therefore, this was the empirical treatment of choice. The ability to form biofilms is directly proportional to the ability to adhere to and invade pneumocytes but not to the susceptibility profile or sliding motility characteristics

Effectiveness of Zingiber officinale to reduce inflammation markers and the length of stay of patients with community-acquired pneumonia: An open-label clinical trial

Examination of the interleukin 6 (IL-6) and procalcitonin levels, and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) might could help to diagnosis and predict the duration of therapy and prognosis of pneumonia cases. Zingiber officinale var rubrum could be used as an adjunct therapy in infectious diseases as it has anti-inflammatory activity. The aim of study was to assess the effect of Z. officinale on levels of IL-6 dan procalcitonin, NLR, and the length of hospitalization of patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). An open-label clinical trial was conducted among CAP cases regardless of the etiology at Dr Moewardi Hospital and Universitas Sebelas Maret Hospital, Surakarta, Indonesia from July to September 2022. A total of 30 inpatient CAP cases were recruited and were randomly divided into two groups: (1) received Z. officinale capsule 300 mg daily for five days in addition to CAP standard therapy; and (2) received CAP standard therapy only, as control group. The data were compared using a paired Student t-test, Chi-squared test, Mann-Whitney test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test as appropriate. In Z. officinale group, the mean difference between post- and pre-treatment as follow: IL-6 level was 9.93 pg/mL, procalcitonin level -471.31 ng/mL, and NLR value -4.01. In control group, the difference was 18.94 pg/mL for IL-6, 339.39 ng/mL for procalcitonin, and 1.56 for NLR. The change of IL-6 was not statistically significant between treatment and control groups with p=0.917. The changes of procalcitonin level and NLR were significant between treatment and control group with p=0.024 and p=0.007, respectively, of which the treatment had better improvement. In addition, our data indicated that the length of stay was not statistically significant between the treatment and control groups (4.13 vs 4.47 days, p=0.361). In conclusion, Z. officinale could reduce serum inflammatory markers such as procalcitonin and NLR but it has little impact in reducing IL-16 level and the length of hospitalization of CAP patients