Amine Removal from Water

C02 removal using amines is well understood because of it has been widely used for acid gas removal. One way to reduce the cost of amine is by recovered and recirculated back into the process stream. Few methods have been developed to optimize the recovery of the amine. The used of membrane to remove amine from the effluent water is still devoid. Therefore, this unprecedented study will highlight the feasibility of using membrane process to separate amine from effluent water prior to discharge. It is found that the reverse osmosis method gives better performance and more reliable results than the ultra filtration membrane for amine removal from water, with salt rejection more than 90%. This is due to the smaller pore size of theRO membrane, which is less than lnm to lOnm while the UF membrane can only reject contaminants no smaller than 0.01 jam with lOnmto 100 nmpore size. Other factors affecting the membrane performance are feedwater pressure, concentration, temperature, pH, concentration polarization, and the membrane recovery. However, in this project, the parameter that had been studied in this experiment is the effect of the feed pressure and the feed concentration. From the result for the separation of amines from water, reverse osmosis give better performance in increasing the pressure as well as the feed concentration in order to get more amines at the rententate side

The impact of triadic strategic alignment on organisational performance in Yemen

A thesis submitted to the University of Bedfordshire, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Business ManagementTo survive and succeed in the very competitive business environment, firms should have a clear business strategy supported by appropriate information technology (IT) and marketing strategies. Whilst many prior studies argue that strategic alignment between, for example, business strategy and IT strategy generally enhances organisational performance, strategic alignment including multiple factors has received little attention and strategic orientation of firms is rarely considered. This research, drawing on configurational theory and strategic management literature, aims to understand the performance impact of triadic strategic alignment between business, IT, and marketing strategies based on strategic orientation of firms. A number of hypotheses are proposed to examine the relationship between triadic strategic alignment and organisational performance through the use of structural equation modelling, and to identify generic types of triadic strategic alignment. The hypotheses are tested through MANOVA using data collected in a questionnaire survey of 242 managers in Yemen. The findings indicate that (1) there is an ideal triadic strategic alignment for prospectors and defenders; (2) triadic strategic alignment has a positive impact on organisational performance; and (3) triadic strategic alignment provides a better indication of the nature and performance impact of strategic alignment. Follow-up interviews were also conducted to support the arguments and to clarify how strategies should be aligned. This research also contributes to managers’ knowledge and understanding by suggesting how a firm should coherently align its strategies to improve organisational performance

The Impact of Aligning Business, IT, and Marketing Strategies on Firm Performance

In order to succeed in today's competitive business environment, a firm should have a clear business strategy that is supported by other organizational strategies. While prior studies argue that strategic alignment enhances firm performance, either strategic alignment including multiple factors or strategic orientation of firms has received little attention. This study, drawing on contingency theory and configuration theory, investigates the performance impact of triadic strategic alignment among business, IT, and marketing strategies while simultaneously considers strategic orientation of firms. A research model is tested through SEM and MANOVA using data collected in a questionnaire survey of 242 Yemen managers. The findings indicate that (1) triadic strategic alignment has a positive impact on firm performance and (2) there is an ideal triadic strategic alignment for prospectors and defenders. This research contributes to strategic alignment literature and managers' understanding of how to align business, IT and marketing strategies to improve firm performance

Artificial intelligence and policy making:can small municipalities enable digital transformation?

This study investigates digital transformation and the usability of emerging technologies in policymaking. Prior studies categorised digital transformation into three distinct phases of digitisation, digitalisation, and digital transformation. They mainly focus on the operational or functional levels, however, this study considers digital transformation at the strategic level. Previous studies confirmed that using new emerging AI-based technologies will enable organisations to use digital transformation to achieve higher efficiency. A novel methodological AI-based approach for policymaking was constructed into three phases through the lens of organisational learning theory. The proposed framework was validated using a case study in the transportation industry of a small municipality. In the selected case study, a confirmatory model was developed and tested utilising the Structural Equation Modelling with data collected from a survey of 494 local stakeholders. Artificial Neural Network was utilised to predict and then to identify the most appropriate policy according to cost, feasibility, and impact criteria amongst six policies extracted from the literature. The results from this research confirm that utilisation of the AI-based strategic decision-making through the proposed generative AI platform at strategic level outperforms human decision-making in terms of applicability, efficiency, and accuracy.<br/

AI Based Decision Making:Combining Strategies to Improve Operational Performance

This study investigates the strategic alignment between marketing and information technology (IT) strategies and provides production and operations decision makers a model for improving operational performance. Based on a comprehensive literature review, the combined strategies were used to develop a novel decision-making framework. The hypothesised relationships of an SEM model are validated with data collected from 242 managers from various industries. An artificial intelligence (AI)–based method is developed using artificial neural networks (ANN) feeding into a decision-making framework which explores the optimality of the combined strategies. The results indicate that (a) IT strategy is positively mediated by marketing strategy on performance and (b) the organisational structure moderates the mediation of marketing strategy on performance. The analysis confirms that the extracted strategies based on the proposed framework have superior performance compared to existing strategies. This paper contributes to the literature by conceptualising and empirically testing the mediation role of marketing strategy on IT strategy, performance and operational decision-making. The use of a novel three-phase decision-making framework which uses AI processes improves operational efficiency, increases insights and enhances the decision accuracy of complex problems at the strategic level in industries such as manufacturing. It could help operations executives to apply effective decisions

Amine Removal from Water

C02 removal using amines is well understood because of it has been widely used for acid gas removal. One way to reduce the cost of amine is by recovered and recirculated back into the process stream. Few methods have been developed to optimize the recovery of the amine. The used of membrane to remove amine from the effluent water is still devoid. Therefore, this unprecedented study will highlight the feasibility of using membrane process to separate amine from effluent water prior to discharge. It is found that the reverse osmosis method gives better performance and more reliable results than the ultra filtration membrane for amine removal from water, with salt rejection more than 90%. This is due to the smaller pore size of theRO membrane, which is less than lnm to lOnm while the UF membrane can only reject contaminants no smaller than 0.01 jam with lOnmto 100 nmpore size. Other factors affecting the membrane performance are feedwater pressure, concentration, temperature, pH, concentration polarization, and the membrane recovery. However, in this project, the parameter that had been studied in this experiment is the effect of the feed pressure and the feed concentration. From the result for the separation of amines from water, reverse osmosis give better performance in increasing the pressure as well as the feed concentration in order to get more amines at the rententate side

Extraction and purification of antifungal compounds from piper betle

Piper betle also known as ?sireh? has been traditionally used for medicinal purposes. It has been reported that P. betle leaves possess antifungal activity but no effort to optimize the extraction conditions to obtain high yield of antifungal compounds has been carried out yet. In this study, optimized extraction condition was determined. It was first conducted by screening parameters that significantly affect the extraction using Fractional Factorial Analysis. This is followed by identifying the levels for those parameters by employing under Response Surface Method (RSM) FFA. Linear effects of temperature and solvent to solvent ratio as well as interactive terms between temperature and incubation time, and between temperature and solvent to solvent ratio were found to significantly (p<0.05) affect the extraction. Temperature and incubation time were selected for optimization experiment and the best condition obtained was extraction for 15 hours at 50oC. In the present study, purification of the extracted antifungal compounds was also carried out. Using column chromatography, the resulting fractions from elution with mixture of hexane and ethyl acetate at ratio 8:2 successfully purified the antifungal compounds. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) showed two distinct spots at Rf value 0.82 and 0.86. Identity of the two spots will be carried out in future research