Evaluation of advanced R and D topics in photovoltaics

An evaluation of advanced research and development topics in photovoltaic that is summarized. The intent was to develop priorities in a list of advanced research and development activities. Thirty-five activities in 10 major categories were evaluated by their contributions to basic scientific advances, potential impact on further technology development by private industry, and priorities for federal advanced research and development funding

Large area silicon sheet by EFG

Progress in a program to produce high speed, thin, wide silicon sheets for fabricating 10% efficient solar cells is reported. An EFG ribbon growth system was used to perform growth rate and ribbon thickness experiments. A new, wide ribbon growth system was developed. A theoretical study of stresses in ribbons was also conducted. The EFG ribbons were observed to exhibit a characteristic defect structure which is orientation dependent in the early stages of growth

Photovoltaics: From the laboratory to the marketplace

Photovoltaics (PV), the direct conversion of sunlight to electricity, is experiencing significant improvements in technology performance and lowered costs. Fostering these improvements, the SERI Photovoltaic Advanced Research and Development (PV AR D) Project supports research and provides services to the US PV industry. This paper presents the recent advances and future direction of the PV project. Research areas are Fundamental and Supporting Research, Advanced Thin-Film Materials, High-Efficiency Materials, Module Development, and Systems Development. Materials of interest include amorphous silicon, copper indium diselenide, cadmium telluride, crystalline silicon, gallium arsenide and related alloys, transparent conductors, antireflection coatings, substrates, and encapsulants. The PV project inherently provides technology transfer that helps industry shorten the time to bring R D advances to the marketplace. SERI annually performs over 10,000 measurements for the entire PV community, participates in collaborative research, and welcomes visiting scientists. Two specific areas of recently increased national focus are: (1) manufacturing processes for cost-effective PV modules, and (2) systems development for high-value utility applications. The SERI research approach is based on facilitating direct contact between industry, electric utilities, and others interested in PV technology. This approach heavily relies on SERI/industry partnerships. The arrangements vary to address generic and company-specific problems to improve the US industry's competitive position and accelerate greater electric utility deployment of PV systems. 5 refs., 5 figs., 6 tabs

Tecnologias para tratamento de dejeto de suínos.

Projeto/Plano de Ação: 03.11.09.012

Coeficiente de metabolizabilidade aparente de diferentes fontes lipídicas com ou sem emulsificante para frangos de corte de 1 a 8 dias.

Óleos e gorduras são utilizados nas rações de aves devido às suas altas concentrações calóricas. Entretanto, a escolha da fonte lipídica a ser utilizada na formulação dependerá de seu custo e da qualidade. O uso de emulsificantes em aves jovens tem o objetivo de auxiliar na digestão e absorção da gordura da dieta devido à imaturidade da circulação entero-hepática nesses animais (5). O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o coeficiente de metabolizabilidade aparente da matéria seca (CMAMS) e extrato etéreo (CMAEE) e energia metabolizável (EM) em frangos de corte de 1 a 8 dias de idade alimentados com diferentes fontes lipídicas com ou sem a adição de emulsificantes

Remoção de fósforo de efluentes da suinocultura.

Projeto/Plano de Ação: 03.11.09.01

Spiral surface growth without desorption

Spiral surface growth is well understood in the limit where the step motion is controlled by the local supersaturation of adatoms near the spiral ridge. In epitaxial thin-film growth, however, spirals can form in a step-flow regime where desorption of adatoms is negligible and the ridge dynamics is governed by the non-local diffusion field of adatoms on the whole surface. We investigate this limit numerically using a phase-field formulation of the Burton-Cabrera-Frank model, as well as analytically. Quantitative predictions, which differ strikingly from those of the local limit, are made for the selected step spacing as a function of the deposition flux, as well as for the dependence of the relaxation time to steady-state growth on the screw dislocation density.Comment: 9 pages, 3 figures, RevTe

Uso do ricinoleato de gliceril polietilenoglicol como coadjuvante na peletização de ração.

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Efeito do processamento e nível energético de dietas sobre o desempenho de frangos de corte.

Na nutrição animal, a forma física das dietas é fator importante associado ao desempenho produtivo e ao aproveitamento dos nutrientes (5). Dietas peletizadas e trituradas proporcianam benefícios como a melhora no consumo e conversão alimentar, diminuição da segregação dos ingredientes e desperdício, aumento da densidade e melhora na digestibilidade e palatabilidade geral da ração (4). Aliado a isso, óleos vegetais e gordura animal são ferramentas importantes na formulação de dietas, suprindo os altos requerimentos de energia necessários para o ótimo desempenho das aves (3). O objetivo do trabalho foi estudar a influência do processamento e do nível energético de dietas sobre o desempenho produtivo em frangos de corte até 21 dias