Anti-cancer activity of compounds from Cassia garrettiana heartwood

The ethanol extract of Cassia garrettiana heartwood showed marked inhibitory activity against several cancer cell lines including HT-29, HeLa, MCF-7 and KB cells. Therefore, its extract and compounds were investigated for their anticancer effect using the Sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay. The ethanol extract of C. garrettiana heartwood was separated to give five compounds which are chrysophanol (1), piceatannol (2), aloe-emodin (3), emodin (4) and cassigarol E (5). Of the tested samples, chrysophanol (1) showed the highest anti-cancer activity against KB cells (IC50 = 0.045 g/mL), aloe emodin (3) was the most active against HT-29 (IC50 = 0.29 g/mL), emodin (4) was against HeLa cells (IC50 = 0.82 g/mL), and cassigarol E (5) was active against MCF-7 (IC50 = 0.021 g/mL), whereas piceatannol (2) was inactive in all tested cell lines. This is the first report of anti-cancer effect against HT-29, HeLa, MCF-7 and KB cells of C. garrettiana heartwood

Acetylcholinesterase-Inhibiting Activity of Pyrrole Derivatives from a Novel Marine Gliding Bacterium, Rapidithrix thailandica

Acetylcholinesterase-inhibiting activity of marinoquinoline A (1), a new pyrroloquinoline from a novel species of a marine gliding bacterium Rapidithrix thailandica, was assessed (IC50 4.9 μM). Two related pyrrole derivatives, 3-(2′-aminophenyl)-pyrrole (3) and 2,2-dimethyl-pyrrolo-1,2-dihydroquinoline (4), were also isolated from two other strains of R. thailandica. The isolation of 3 from a natural source is reported here for the first time. Compound 4 was proposed to be an isolation artifact derived from 3. The two isolated compounds were virtually inactive in the acetylcholinesterase-inhibitory assay (enzyme inhibition < 30% at 0.1 g L−1)

การศึกษาฤทธิ์ต้านอนุมูลอิสระและผลต่อภูมิคุ้มกันในหลอดทดลองของสมุนไพรไทยในตำรับยาอายุวัฒนะ

Thesis (Ph.D., Pharmaceutical Science)--Prince of Songkla University, 200

Essential oil components and biological activities of Coleus parvifolius leaves

The essential oil distilled from the leaves of Coleus parvifolius Benth. (Labiatae) was studied by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The main components were found to be (E)-phytol (42.77%), followed by eicosatrienoate (16.39%), n-tetradecanoic acid (14.42%), octoil (6.54%), 2-methyl-7- octadecyne (5.97%), nonadecane (3.25%), germacrene-D (2.19%) and α-humulene (1.42%), respectively. Regarding biological activities, the ethanolic extract of C. parvifolius showed potent antimicrobial activity against gram positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and B. cereus) with inhibition zones of 7-11 mm at a concentration of 10 mg/disc and moderate activity against gram negative bacteria (Salmonella typhi, S. enteritidis and Escherichia coli) with inhibition zones of 9-11 mm at 100 mg/disc, whereas it was inactive against fungus, Candida albicans at a concentration of 100 mg/disc. The extract also exhibited strong antioxidant activity (ED50 = 5.87±0.03 μg/ml) three times higher than that of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT, ED50 = 18.08±0.43 μg/ml). Moreover, it was non-toxic to brine shrimp with LC50 value > 1,000 μg/ml

Essential oil components and biological activities of Coleus parvifolius leaves

The essential oil distilled from the leaves of Coleus parvifolius Benth. (Labiatae) was studied by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The main components were found to be (E)-phytol (42.77%), followed by eicosatrienoate (16.39%), n-tetradecanoic acid (14.42%), octoil (6.54%), 2-methyl-7-octadecyne (5.97%), nonadecane (3.25%), germacrene-D (2.19%) and α α α α α-humulene (1.42%), respectively. Regarding biological activities, the ethanolic extract of C. parvifolius showed potent antimicrobial activity against gram positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and B. cereus) with inhibition zones of 7-11 mm at a concentration of 10 mg/disc and moderate activity against gram negative bacteria (Salmonella typhi, S. enteritidis and Escherichia coli) with inhibition zones of 9-11 mm at 100 mg/disc, whereas it was inactive against fungus, Candida albicans at a concentration of 100 mg/disc. The extract also exhibited strong antioxidant activity (ED 50 = 5.87±0.03 µ µ µ µ µg/ml) three times higher than that of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT, ED 50 = 18.08±0.43 µ µ µ µ µg/ml). Moreover, it was non-toxic to brine shrimp with LC 50 value &gt; 1,000 µ µ µ µ µg/ml

Antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of Thai medicinal plants named Khaminkhruea: Arcangelisia flava, Coscinium blumeanum and Fibraurea tinctoria

The stems of Arcangelisia flava, Coscinium blumeanum and Fibraurea tinctoria, collectively known in southern Thailand as Khaminkhruea, were sequentially extracted with petroleum ether, chloroform, methanol, and boiling water to afford 12 crude extracts. All extracts have been assessed for antioxidant activity against DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical and cytotoxic activity against brine shrimp and human cancer cell line MCF-7 (breast adenocarcinoma). Methanol extract of A. flava (AFM), and methanol and chloroform extracts of C. blumeanum (CBM and CBC) exhibited moderate antioxidant activity with EC50 values of 25-55 μg/ml. Chloroform extracts of A. flava (AFC) and F. tinctoria (FTC), AFM, CBC and CBM showed pronounced cytotoxic activity against brine shrimp and MCF-7 cells with LC50 and IC50 values of 210-278 and 8-12 μg/ml, respectively. Bioassay-guided chemical investigation led to the isolation of berberine as a main compound of AFC, AFM, CBC and CBM. Palmatine and jatrorrhizine were found to be main alkaloids of FTC, and minor alkaloids of AFC, AFM, CBC and CBM. In addition, an ester triacontanyl caffeate was isolated for the first time from C. blumeanum (CBC). Chemical structures of the isolated compounds were determined by spectroscopic methods particularly NMR and mass spectrometry. Triacontanyl caffeate was mainly responsible for antioxidant activity of C. blumeanum with an EC50 value of 6.8 μg/ml. Jatrorrhizine possessed moderate antioxidant activity with an EC50 value of 98.0 μg/ml, whereas palmatine and berberine were found to be considerably less active (EC50 >100 μg/ml). The LC50 values of the four isolated compounds on brine shrimp were ranging from 37-206 μg/ml. The IC50 values of berberine, palmatine and jatrorrhizine against MCF-7 cells were in the range of 1-4 μg/ml. Triacontanyl caffeate was considerably less cytotoxic than the alkaloids with an IC50 value of 15.5 μg/ml

Bridged Tricyclic Sesquiterpenes from the Tubercle Nudibranch <i>Phyllidia coelestis</i> Bergh

A new sesquiterpene, 1-formamido-10(1→2)-abeopupukeanane (<b>1</b>), was isolated from the tubercle nudibranch <i>Phyllidia coelestis</i> Bergh, along with 2-formamidopupukeanane (<b>2</b>), which is reported here as a natural product for the first time. A rearrangement pathway toward the unprecedented tricyclo­[4.4.0.0^2,8]­decane skeleton is proposed. Both compounds showed antiproliferative activity when targeting HeLa, MCF-7, KB, and HT-29 cancer cell lines in the range 0.05–10 μM

Bridged Tricyclic Sesquiterpenes from the Tubercle Nudibranch <i>Phyllidia coelestis</i> Bergh

A new sesquiterpene, 1-formamido-10(1→2)-abeopupukeanane (<b>1</b>), was isolated from the tubercle nudibranch <i>Phyllidia coelestis</i> Bergh, along with 2-formamidopupukeanane (<b>2</b>), which is reported here as a natural product for the first time. A rearrangement pathway toward the unprecedented tricyclo­[4.4.0.0^2,8]­decane skeleton is proposed. Both compounds showed antiproliferative activity when targeting HeLa, MCF-7, KB, and HT-29 cancer cell lines in the range 0.05–10 μM