UJI AKTIVITAS EKSTRAK dan FRAKSI ORGANISME LAUT SPONS Aaptos aaptos TERHADAP BAKTERI Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus

ABSTRACTAaptos aaptos Sponge is one of the marine biota that is very prospective as a source of natural compounds such as peptides, terpenoids, steroids, acetogenins, alkaloids, cyclic halides and nitrogen compounds. This study aims to determine whet her there is antibacterial activity of the extract and fraction of Sponge Aaptos aaptos from Manado Bay waters against microbes Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia Coli. Aaptos aaptos Sponge was extracted with 95% ethanol as solvent, fractionation using partition method with n-hexane, choloform and methanol as solvent and antibacterial testing usingagar diffusion method Kirby Baeur. The best antibacterial activity was found in the methanol fraction with an inhibitory power of 18.12 mm against Escherichia Coli bacteria, and an inhibitory power of 14.71 mm on Staphylococcus aureus. The results of this study indicate that the methanol fraction of the Aaptos aaptos Sponge has the ability to inhibit Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria which can be categorized as strong.Keywords :Aaptos aaptos Sponge, Antibacterial, Staphylococcus aureus, EscherichiaABSTRAKSpons Aaptos aaptos merupakan salah satu biota laut yang sangat prospektif sebagai sumber senyawa bahan-bahan alami antara lain peptida, terpenoid, steroid, asetogenin, alkaloid, halida siklik dan senyawa nitrogen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat aktivitas antibakteri dari ekstrak dan fraksi Spons Aaptos aaptos dari perairan Teluk Manado terhadap mikroba Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli. Spons Aaptos aaptos diekstraksi dengan pelarut eanol 95%, fraksinasi menggunakan metode partisi dengan pelarut n-heksan, kloroform dan metanol dan pengujian antibakteri menggunakan metode difusi agar Kirby Bauer. Aktivitas antibakteri paling baik terdapat pada fraksi metanol dengan daya hambat sebesar 18,12 mm menghambat bakteri Escherichia coli, dan daya hambat sebesar 14,71 mm pada Staphylococcus aureus. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa fraksi metanol Spons Aaptos aaptos memiliki kemampuan menghambat bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli yang dapat dikategorikan kuat.Kata Kunci: Spons Aaptos aaptos, Antibakteri, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia col

Efek Pemberian Ekstrak Buah Salak (Salacca zalacca) dalam menurunkan kadar glukosa darah pada tikus model Diabetes melitus

Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic disease characterized by elevated blood glucose levels. Diabetes Mellitus is a global disease that affects 536.6 million people in the world and is predicted to increase to 643 million people in 2030 and 783.2 million people in 2045. Snake fruit is one of the fruits in North Sulawesi that has the potential to be developed. be an alternative to treatment. The aims of this study is was to examine the effect of snake fruit extract in rats with diabetes mellitus model. The study used 5 groups, negative control group was given NaCMC solution, the positive control group was given metformin and the treatment group was given snake fruit extract with concentrations of 10%, 20% and 40%. The parameters observed in this study were body weight and blood glucose profile. The study showed that the administration of snake fruit extract had a significant effect on blood glucose profiles and body weight with p < 0.05 and there were significant differences between each treatment group both in the glucose profile parameters and body weight of rats

GAMBARAN PENYIMPANAN OBAT DI PUSKESMAS RANOMUUT KOTA MANADO

ABSTRACTDrug storage is a regulatory activity for pharmaceutical preparations that are received so that they are safe, avoid physical and chemical damage and their quality is guaranteed in accordance with the stipulated requirements. This study aims to see the description of drug storage at Ranomuut Health Center. This research is descriptive in nature to obtain information on how the description of drug storage in the Pharmacy Installation of the Ranomuut Health Center is. Data collection techniques used in this study were observation, interviews. Based on the results of research on drug storage at the Pharmacy Installation of the Ranomuut Health Center, it is in the very good category with an average percentage of 88.89%. The description of drug storage through drug storage method was obtained 100% (very good), 66,67% (good) spatial arrangement and 100% (very good) stock card recording. Drug storage at the Ranomuut Health Center in Manado City is very good. Keywords: Drug storage, Public Health Center ABSTRAKPenyimpanan obat merupakan kegiatan pengaturan terhadap sediaan farmasi yang diterima agar aman, terhindar dari kerusakan fisik maupun kimia dan mutunya tetap terjamin sesuai dengan persyaratan yang ditetapkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat gambaran penyimpanan obat di Puskesmas Ranomuut. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif untuk mendapat informasi bagaimana gambaran penyimpanan obat di Instalasi Farmasi Puskesmas Ranomuut. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi, wawancara. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian terhadap penyimpanan obat di Puskesmas Ranomuut termasuk kategori sangat baik dengan persentase rata-rata 88,89%. Gambaran penyimpanan obat melalui cara penyimpanan obat diperoleh 100% (sangat baik), pengaturan tata ruang 66,67% (baik), dan pencatatan kartu stok 100% (sangat baik). Penyimpanan obat di Puskesmas Ranomuut Kota Manado adalah sangat baik. Kata kunci: Penyimpanan Obat, Puskesma

IDENTIFIKASI KOMPONEN SENYAWA DALAM EKSTRAK N-HEKSANA UMBI RUMPUT TEKI (Cyperus rotundus L.) DENGAN ANALISIS GC-MS

ABSTRACTNut grass (Cyperus rotundus L.) is a perennial weed which the tuber is used traditionally in treating several ailments. This study aimed to identify the phytochemical compounds from nut grass tuber. Extraction was carried out by maceration using n-hexane as solvent and then were analyzed with Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The result showed that there were 48 peaks with 144 probable compounds detected in n-hexane extract of nut grass tuber. 7-Isopropenyl-1,4a-dimethyl-4,4a,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-3H-naphthalen-2-one; 1(2H)-Naphthalenone, 3,4,4a,5,6,7-hexahydro-4a,5-dimethyl-3-(1-methylethenyl)-, [3S-(3a,4aa,5a)]-; and 1,7-Dimethyl-4-(propan-2-ylidene)tricyclo[4.4.0.02,7]decan-3-one had the highest concentrations namely 43,92% in the extract. This study concluded that the compounds were classified as sesquiterpenoids which had various biological activities. Keywords: N-hexane extract, GC-MS, chemical compounds, Nut Grass (Cyperus rotundus L.).  ABSTRAKRumput teki (Cyperus rotundus L.) adalah gulma perenial yang umbinya dimanfaatkan secara tradisional oleh masyarakat untuk mengobati beberapa jenis penyakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi senyawa-senyawa fitokimia dari umbi rumput teki.  Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan cara maserasi menggunakan pelarut n-heksana dan kemudian dilanjutkan dengan analisis Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Hasil analisis menunjukkan terdapat 48 peak dengan 144 kemungkinan komponen senyawa yang terdeteksi dalam ekstrak n-heksana umbi rumput teki. Senyawa 7-Isopropenyl-1,4a-dimethyl-4,4a,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-3H-naphthalen-2-one; 1(2H)-Naphthalenone, 3,4,4a,5,6,7-hexahydro-4a,5-dimethyl-3-(1-methylethenyl)-, [3S-(3a,4aa,5a)]-; dan 1,7-Dimethyl-4-(propan-2-ylidene)tricyclo[4.4.0.02,7]decan-3-one memiliki persentase kadar tertinggi yaitu 43,92% dalam ekstrak. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa senyawa-senyawa ini termasuk dalam golongan seskuiterpenoid yang memiliki aktivitas biologis yang beragam. Kata Kunci: Ekstrak n-heksana, GC-MS, komponen senyawa, Rumput Teki (Cyperus rotundus L.