A common trajectory recapitulated by urban economies

Is there a general economic pathway recapitulated by individual cities over and over? Identifying such evolution structure, if any, would inform models for the assessment, maintenance, and forecasting of urban sustainability and economic success as a quantitative baseline. This premise seems to contradict the existing body of empirical evidences for path-dependent growth shaping the unique history of individual cities. And yet, recent empirical evidences and theoretical models have amounted to the universal patterns, mostly size-dependent, thereby expressing many of urban quantities as a set of simple scaling laws. Here, we provide a mathematical framework to integrate repeated cross-sectional data, each of which freezes in time dimension, into a frame of reference for longitudinal evolution of individual cities in time. Using data of over 100 millions employment in thousand business categories between 1998 and 2013, we decompose each city's evolution into a pre-factor and relative changes to eliminate national and global effects. In this way, we show the longitudinal dynamics of individual cities recapitulate the observed cross-sectional regularity. Larger cities are not only scaled-up versions of their smaller peers but also of their past. In addition, our model shows that both specialization and diversification are attributed to the distribution of industry's scaling exponents, resulting a critical population of 1.2 million at which a city makes an industrial transition into innovative economies

The Utilization of Traditional Herbal Medicine for Treatment in Traditional Korean Medicine Clinics

A cross-sectional study has been conducted to detect the facts about the use of traditional herbal medicines (THMs) in South Korea. The questionnaire has been adopted from the 2017 National Survey for the usage of traditional Korean medicine (TKM) and consumption of THMs. A total number of 1346 participants have been involved in this study. Results showed that the non-decoction types of herbal medicines, which are mostly used for therapeutic purposes (89.0%), and the decoction types of herbal medicines were not only used for the purpose of treatment of diseases (62.5%) but also health improvement purposes (21.9%). Results presented that decoction types of THMs are used for musculoskeletal diseases (56.0%), digestive diseases (21.3%), and respiratory diseases (6.3%), whereas the non-decoction types of THMs are commonly used in musculoskeletal diseases (55.6%), respiratory diseases (20.5%), and digestive diseases (18.1%). Future studies are highly recommended to detect more details about the medical use of THMs in South Korea

An Exploratory Study on the Association Between Social Capital and Self-Rated Health of South Korean Women with Disabilities

The purpose of this chapter was to explore the relationship between social capital and self-rated health status as assessed in the activities of the everyday life of South Korean women with disabilities. For this purpose, the authors analyzed the 8th data of the panel survey of employment for the disabled (PSED) that included a sample of 275 women with disabilities who are paid worker. The authors found that working environment, working hours, personal development possibilities, communication-and interpersonal-relationships, the fairness of performance assessment, welfare benefits, training opportunities, and job satisfaction differed significantly in relation to the self-rated health status of women with disabilities. The authors also found that for working hours, communication, and interpersonal relationships, significantly higher self-rated health status was found for satisfied compared to the satisfaction group. For personal development possibilities, welfare benefits, and training opportunities, self-rated health status was significantly higher for the satisfaction group than the dissatisfied group. For fairness of the performance assessment, self-rated health status of the satisfaction group was significantly higher than in the dissatisfied and the normal group. Therefore, in order to improve the self-rated health of South Korean women with disabilities, it is necessary to provide working environment considering their disability characteristics and various training opportunities in their workplace

Radar-based nowcasting by combining centroid tracking and motion vector of convective storm

Póster presentado en: 3rd European Nowcasting Conference, celebrada en la sede central de AEMET en Madrid del 24 al 26 de abril de 2019

Mitigating Health Inequalities of Socially Vulnerable in South Korea: Role for Social Work

The purpose of this study is to develop a social work education strategy for mitigating health inequalities among the socially vulnerable. The limitations of the healthcare approach to health promotion and health inequality, which we examined through the health belief model describing an individual’s health behavior, emphasize the prevention of diseases that have not yet occurred or are likely to occur, healthcare management for them, and the functions and role of the community in the process, based on the individual’s spontaneity to practice health behaviors. Therefore, to compensate for these limitations, it is deemed necessary to add healthcare curriculum, such as public health, social epidemiology, and etiology, to the existing curriculum of social work based on an in-depth understanding of social vulnerability and social environment as well as the importance of preventing and managing diseases

Massive transfusion protocol: the reason it is necessary

Objective. The purpose of this study is to identify problems of emergency transfusion at the bedside and to determine need for massive transfusion protocol. Methods. We included patients who met the criteria for “trauma team activation” and were admitted to division of trauma. The amount of blood product transfused in each unit was investigated for balanced transfusion. We also investigated the compliance with assessment of blood consumption score. The correlation between the time elapsed from patient visit to first transfusion order and time elapsed from first transfusion order to transfusion start was analyzed. Finally, we investigated various factors which serve to influence the decision-making process regarding early transfusion order. Results. Ratio of packed Red blood cells (pRBC): Fresh frozen plasma (FFP) was well-balanced, but platelet transfusion done was much lower than pRBC and FFP in emergency room. The application of emergency blood release did not match the criteria of assessment of blood consumption (ABC) score. The time from the first transfusion order to the transfusion start was found to be constant irrespective of time from patient visit to first transfusion order. And, the time from the first transfusion order to transfusion start did not differ significantly among patients with early transfusion order and delayed transfusion order. Only systolic blood pressure of < 90 mmHg was identified as a major predictor for early transfusion order. Conclusion. Balanced transfusion is not easy and emergency transfusion could be delayed at the bedside. Integrated and systematic structures for massive transfusion protocol would be invaluable and indispensable

Spin cast ferroelectric beta poly(vinylidene fluoride) thin films via rapid thermal annealing

We describe a method of fabricating ferroelectric beta-type poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) thin films on Au substrate by the humidity controlled spin casting combined with rapid thermal treatment. Our method produces thin uniform ferroelectric PVDF film with ordered beta crystals consisting of characteristic needlelike microdomains. A capacitor with a 160 nm thick ferroelectric PVDF film exhibits the remanent polarization and coercive voltage of similar to 7.0 mu C/cm(2) and 8 V, respectively, with the temperature stability of up to 160 degrees C. A ferroelectric field effect transistor also shows a drain current bistablility of 100 at zero gate voltage with +/- 20 V gate voltage sweep. (C) 2008 American Institute of Physicsopen485

Imaging Findings of Adenocarcinoma Arising from Lingual Foregut Duplication Cyst

Lingual foregut duplication cysts are rare developmental anomalies with varied symptoms, and adenocarcinomas may develop from them. Radiological evaluations, including computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, can help diagnose these lesions and determine their extent. Abnormal enhancement should raise the suspicion of malignancy of a lingual foregut duplication cyst. Early detection and complete surgical resection of lingual foregut duplication cysts are necessary to prevent malignant transformations. Complete tumor resection with adjuvant radiotherapy or radiochemotherapy is recommended. The teaching point is that mucinous adenocarcinoma can develop from a lingual foregut duplication cyst, and radiological studies may aid in the diagnosis. Teaching Point: Adenocarcinomas can develop from lingual foregut duplication cysts, which are rare developmental anomalies, and radiologic studies may aid in the diagnosis