11 research outputs found
Access to Drinking Water and the Empowerment of Women in the Southwest Coast of Bangladesh: Intersections of Gender, Class, and Space
The low-lying southwest coast in Bangladesh is one of the most vulnerable areas to the effects of climate change, with great water scarcity and high levels of arsenic and salinity. Women are the main accessors and users of water in this area due to their restriction to work in domestic spaces. Their gendered relationships to water in this area play a role in their empowerment and powerlessness. These relationships can be looked at through four examples of power: power over the body, power over mobility, power over decisions, and power over finances. It’s critical to consider the intersections of gender, class, and space in the extent of a woman’s power. The body, movement, political voice, and economic power of a wealthier woman will be policed differently than a poorer woman, and the space each woman occupies assists the process of empowerment differently
Real Time Vehicle Tracking on Google Maps using Raspberry Pi Web Server
The use of automobiles is necessary to ship goods and products from one place to another. The users face several problems due to delay in the delivery of goods. This delay may be due to choosing wrong or longer routes by the driver. The Global Positioning System (GPS) is being used for fleet management, stolen vehicle recovery, surveillance and mapping applications. In this paper, implementation details of a vehicle tracking system (VTS) on Google Maps are presented along with experimental results. The vehicle tracking device (VTD) placed in the vehicle consists of a GPS receiver to acquire geographic coordinates, and a GSM/GPRS module to send the vehicle coordinates to a web server. The GPS and GSM modules are controlled using the Arduino microcontroller. Raspberry Pi is used as a web server to store the vehicle position and display it on the Google map
Validation of GPS receiver instrumental bias results for precise navigation
175-181The positional accuracy of Global
Positioning System (GPS) is affected by several
errors, the most predominant error being the ionospheric delay. This
delay is proportional to the total electron content (TEC). The dual frequency GPS observables can be used to
estimate the TEC. The line-of-sight TEC estimated from dual frequency
GPS data is corrupted by the instrumental biases of the GPS satellites and the
receiver. The instrumental biases exist as the signals at the two GPS
frequencies (f1=1575.42
MHz; f2=1227.60 MHz)
experience different delays within the GPS satellite and receiver hardware. The
estimation of the receiver instrumental bias plays a significant role in
achieving required navigation accuracy for civil aviation applications. In this
paper, receiver instrumental bias results due to a modified fitted receiver
bias method, Kalman filter and singular value decomposition
(SVD) algorithms are compared
Significance of instrumental biases and dilution of precision in the context of GAGAN
405-410The positional accuracy of the GPS Aided GEO Augmented Navigation (GAGAN) system is basically dependent on ranging errors and the satellite constellation geometry. This paper focuses on enhancing the performance of the system through the estimation of instrumental biases and augmentation of GAGAN using pseudolites (pseudo-satellites). The line-of-sight ionospheric measurements derived from the Global Positioning System (GPS) observables are corrupted by the instrumental biases present in both the GPS satellites and the receivers. The instrumental bias and Total Electron Content (TEC) results (Hyderabad GAGAN station (78.47°E, 17.45°N)) obtained using the Kalman filter technique are presented in this paper. It is found that the estimated biases are almost stable during the observation period and show close proximity with other reported values in the open literature. For some strategic applications further augmentation of GAGAN with pseudolites is necessary. Five configurations comprising GPS/geostationary satellites and pseudolites are considered for optimizing the Dilution of Precision (DOP). It is found that the pseudolite-system with properly located pseudolites can augment GAGAN and improves the positional accuracy of the user