9 research outputs found
Systematically Searching for New Resonances at the Energy Frontier using Topological Models
We propose a new strategy to systematically search for new physics processes
in particle collisions at the energy frontier. An examination of all possible
topologies which give identifiable resonant features in a specific final state
leads to a tractable number of `topological models' per final state and gives
specific guidance for their discovery. Using one specific final state,
, as an example, we find that the number of possibilities is
reasonable and reveals simple, but as-yet-unexplored, topologies which contain
significant discovery potential. We propose analysis techniques and estimate
the sensitivity for collisions with TeV and
fb
Band structure of graphene with strain and disorder
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 38-40 )We wish to understand some of the electronic properties of the unique two dimensional
carbon allotrope graphene, in the presence of strain and disorder. As a theoretical
foundation we conduct a quantum mechanical analysis of the energy spectrum and wave
functions of non-interacting electrons using the tight binding model on a hexagonal
lattice that is representative of this material. We model bulk magnetic fields and
mechanical strain applied to graphene, which leads to changes in its electronic properties
such as inducing insulating, semiconducting, or semi metallic band structure. We show
analytically how Landau levels arise in the presence of a bulk magnetic field, both with a
free space Hamiltonian and in the relativistic Hamiltonian representing the Dirac points
of the graphene band structure. We will construct extended tight binding models for
certain graphene systems that are representative of those described in recent experiments,
and we will examine the resulting band structure. Using these theoretical models, we will
examine the effect of introducing local disorder. While disorder is present in all real
materials, it is intractable in analytical methods, so we must find the band structure
numerically for systems with disorder. We consider a graphene system with a uniform
large uniaxial strain, and we find a sizable band gap in this system depending on the size
of the strain. But the existence and size ofthe band gap is disrupted as strong disorder is
introduced on the lattice sites. We also consider a model for a generalized graphene
lattice, including hopping tetms beyond the nearest neighbors, and also hopping terms
that break time reversal symmetry. Very general hopping terms of this type can be
specified and controlled on a hexagonal optical lattice populated by cold atoms. We find
parameters that yield linear energy dispersion for a wider range of energies than the basic
graphene lattice, and these could have interesting electronic properties. We search the
parameter space of this model to find parameters that can produce very flat bands.
Finally, we study how quickly the band flatness is destroyed by disorder on the lattice
sites, and we determine that low disorder must be achieved if the bands are to remain
very flat
Device-related complications in subcutaneous versus transvenous ICD: a secondary analysis of the PRAETORIAN trial
Background: The subcutaneous implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (S-ICD) is developed to overcome lead-related complications and systemic infections, inherent to transvenous ICD (TV-ICD) therapy. The PRAETORIAN trial demonstrated that the S-ICD is non-inferior to the TV-ICD with regard to the combined primary endpoint of inappropriate shocks and complications. This prespecified secondary analysis evaluates all complications in the PRAETORIAN trial. Methods and results: The PRAETORIAN trial is an international, multicentre, randomized trial in which 849 patients with an indication for ICD therapy were randomized to receive an S- ICD (N = 426) or TV-ICD (N = 423) and followed for a median of 49 months. Endpoints were device-related complications, lead-related complications, systemic infections, and the need for invasive interventions. Thirty-six device-related complications occurred in 31 patients in the S-ICD group of which bleedings were the most frequent. In the TV-ICD group, 49 complications occurred in 44 patients of which lead dysfunction was most frequent (HR: 0.69; P = 0.11). In both groups, half of all complications were within 30 days after implantation. Lead-related complications and systemic infections occurred significantly less in the S-ICD group compared with the TV-ICD group (P < 0.001, P = 0.03, respectively). Significantly more complications required invasive interventions in the TV-ICD group compared with the S-ICD group (8.3% vs. 4.3%, HR: 0.59; P = 0.047). Conclusion: This secondary analysis shows that lead-related complications and systemic infections are more prevalent in the TV-ICD group compared with the S-ICD group. In addition, complications in the TV-ICD group were more severe as they required significantly more invasive interventions. This data contributes to shared decision-making in clinical practice
Device-related complications in subcutaneous versus transvenous ICD: a secondary analysis of the PRAETORIAN trial
BACKGROUND: The subcutaneous ICD (S-ICD) is developed to overcome lead-related complications and systemic infections, inherent to transvenous ICD (TV-ICD) therapy. The PRAETORIAN trial demonstrated that the S-ICD is non-inferior to the TV-ICD with regard to the combined primary endpoint of inappropriate shocks and complications. This prespecified secondary analysis evaluates all complications in the PRAETORIAN trial. METHODS: The PRAETORIAN trial is an international, multicenter, randomised trial in which 849 patients with an indication for ICD therapy were randomised to receive an SICD (N = 426) or TV-ICD (N = 423) and followed for a median of 49 months. Endpoints were device-related complications, lead-related complications, systemic infections and the need for invasive interventions. RESULTS: Thirty-six device-related complications occurred in 31 patients in the S-ICD group of which bleedings were the most frequent. In the TV-ICD group 49 complications occurred in 44 patients of which lead-dysfunction was most frequent (HR 0.69; P =0.11). In both groups half of all complications were within 30 days after implantation. Lead-related complications and systemic infections occurred significantly less in the S-ICD group compared to the TV-ICD group (P <0.001, P =0.03 respectively). Significantly more complications required invasive interventions in the TV-ICD group compared to the S-ICD group (8.3% vs. 4.3%, HR 0.59; P =0.047). CONCLUSIONS: This secondary analysis shows that, lead-related complications and systemic infections are more prevalent in the TV-ICD group compared to the S-ICD group. In addition, complications in the TV-ICD group were more severe as they required significantly more invasive interventions. This data contributes to shared decision making in clinical practice
Device-related complications in subcutaneous versus transvenous ICD:a secondary analysis of the PRAETORIAN trial
BACKGROUND: The subcutaneous ICD (S-ICD) is developed to overcome lead-related complications and systemic infections, inherent to transvenous ICD (TV-ICD) therapy. The PRAETORIAN trial demonstrated that the S-ICD is non-inferior to the TV-ICD with regard to the combined primary endpoint of inappropriate shocks and complications. This prespecified secondary analysis evaluates all complications in the PRAETORIAN trial. METHODS: The PRAETORIAN trial is an international, multicenter, randomised trial in which 849 patients with an indication for ICD therapy were randomised to receive an SICD (N = 426) or TV-ICD (N = 423) and followed for a median of 49 months. Endpoints were device-related complications, lead-related complications, systemic infections and the need for invasive interventions. RESULTS: Thirty-six device-related complications occurred in 31 patients in the S-ICD group of which bleedings were the most frequent. In the TV-ICD group 49 complications occurred in 44 patients of which lead-dysfunction was most frequent (HR 0.69; P =0.11). In both groups half of all complications were within 30 days after implantation. Lead-related complications and systemic infections occurred significantly less in the S-ICD group compared to the TV-ICD group (P <0.001, P =0.03 respectively). Significantly more complications required invasive interventions in the TV-ICD group compared to the S-ICD group (8.3% vs. 4.3%, HR 0.59; P =0.047). CONCLUSIONS: This secondary analysis shows that, lead-related complications and systemic infections are more prevalent in the TV-ICD group compared to the S-ICD group. In addition, complications in the TV-ICD group were more severe as they required significantly more invasive interventions. This data contributes to shared decision making in clinical practice