336 research outputs found
Type 0 Brane Inflation from Mirage Cosmology
We consider a three-dimensional brane-universe moving in a Type 0 String
background. The motion induces on the brane a cosmological evolution which, for
some range of the parameters, exhibits an inflationary phase.Comment: 11 pages, latex, one figur
Effects of a feeding strategy to increase intramuscular fat content of pork under the conditions of organic farming
In an ongoing study, the effect of the implementation of a specific feeding strategy using a high portion of home-grown grain legumes on the intramuscular fat (IMF) content of pork, is assessed under different conditions on organic farms in Germany and Austria. Preliminary results indicate that variation in the IMF content seems to be higher between farms than between treatments within each farm
A Large Mass Hierarchy from a Small Extra Dimension
We propose a new higher-dimensional mechanism for solving the Hierarchy
Problem. The Weak scale is generated from a large scale of order the Planck
scale through an exponential hierarchy. However, this exponential arises not
from gauge interactions but from the background metric (which is a slice of
AdS_5 spacetime). This mechanism relies on the existence of only a single
additional dimension. We demonstrate a simple explicit example of this
mechanism with two three-branes, one of which contains the Standard Model
fields. The experimental consequences of this scenario are new and dramatic.
There are fundamental spin-2 excitations with mass of weak scale order, which
are coupled with weak scale as opposed to gravitational strength to the
standard model particles. The phenomenology of these models is quite distinct
from that of large extra dimension scenarios; none of the current constraints
on theories with very large extra dimensions apply.Comment: 9 pages, LaTe
A Comment on Technical Naturalness and the Cosmological Constant
We propose a model of dynamical relaxation of the cosmological constant.
Technical naturalness of the model and the present value of the vacuum energy
density imply an upper bound on the supersymmetry breaking scale and the
reheating temperature at the TeV scale.Comment: 10 pages, ref. adde
Sequestering in String Theory
We study sequestering, a prerequisite for flavor-blind supersymmetry breaking in several high-scale mediation mechanisms, in compactifications of type IIB string theory. We find that although sequestering is typically absent in unwarped backgrounds, strongly warped compactifications do readily sequester. The AdS/CFT dual description in terms of conformal sequestering plays an important role in our analysis, and we establish how sequestering works both on the gravity side and on the gauge theory side. We pay special attention to subtle compactification effects that can disrupt sequestering. Our result is a step toward realizing an appealing pattern of soft terms in a KKLT compactification
Gravitational Contributions to the Running Yang-Mills Coupling in Large Extra-Dimensional Brane Worlds
We study the question of a modification of the running gauge coupling of
Yang-Mills theories due to quantum gravitational effects in a compact large
extra dimensional brane world scenario with a low energy quantum gravity scale.
The ADD scenario is applied for a D=d+\delta dimensional space-time in which
gravitons freely propagate, whereas the non-abelian gauge fields are confined
to a d-dimensional brane. The extra dimensions are taken to be toroidal and the
transverse fluctuation modes (branons) of the brane are taken into account. On
this basis we have calculated the one-loop corrections due to virtual
Kaluza-Klein graviton and branon modes for the gluon two- and three-point
functions in an effective field theory treatment. Applying momentum cut-off
regularization we find that for a d=4 brane the leading gravitational
divergencies cancel irrespective of the number of extra dimensions \delta,
generalizing previous results in the absence of extra-dimensions. Hence, again
the Yang-Mills \beta-function receives no gravitational corrections at
one-loop. This is no longer true in a `universal' extra dimensional scenario
with a d>4 dimensional brane. Moreover, the subleading power-law gravitational
divergencies induce higher-dimensional counterterms, which we establish in our
scheme. Interestingly, for d=4 these gravitationally induced counterterms are
of the form recently considered in non-abelian Lee-Wick extensions of the
standard model -- now with a possible mass scale in the TeV range due to the
presence of large extra dimensions.Comment: Version to be published in JHEP; 16 pages, 3 figures; v3: references
update
Warped/Composite Phenomenology Simplified
This is the first of two papers aimed at economically capturing the collider phenomenology of warped extra dimensions with bulk Standard Model fields, where the hierarchy problem is solved non-supersymmetrically. This scenario is related via the AdS/CFT correspondence to that of partial compositeness of the Standard Model. We present a purely four-dimensional, two-sector effective field theory describing the Standard Model fields and just their first Kaluza-Klein/composite excitations. This truncation, while losing some of the explanatory power and precision of the full higher-dimensional warped theory, greatly simplifies phenomenological considerations and computations. We describe the philosophy and explicit construction of our two-sector model, and also derive formulas for residual Higgs fine tuning and electroweak and flavor precision variables to help identify the most motivated parts of the parameter space. We highlight several of the most promising channels for LHC exploration. The present paper focusses on the most minimal scenario, while the companion paper addresses the even richer phenomenology of the minimal scenario of precision gauge coupling unification
Large Extra Dimensions at Linear Colliders
In this talk, I first present the motivation for theories wherein extra
spacetime dimensions can be compactified to have large magnitudes. In
particular, I discuss the Arkani-Hamed, Dimopoulos, Dvali (ADD) scenario. I
present the constraints that have been derived on these models from current
experiments and the expectations from future colliders. I concentrate
particularly on the possibilities of probing these extra dimensions at future
linear colliders.Comment: Talk given at the Third International Workshop on Electron-Electron
Interactions at TeV Energies (e- e- 99), Santa Cruz, California, 10-12 Dec
1999. 7 pages, LaTeX, style files attache
Homotopy Structure of 5d Vacua
It is shown that flat zero-energy solutions (vacua) of the 5d Kaluza-Klein
theory admit a non-trivial homotopy structure generated by certain Kaluza-Klein
excitations. These vacua consist of an infinite set of homotopically different
spacetimes denoted by , among which
and are especially identified as and
, the ground states of the 5d Kaluza-Klein theory and the 5d general
relativity, respectively (where represents the -dimensional Minkowski
space).Comment: 8 page
Stabilization of Sub-Millimeter Dimensions: The New Guise of the Hierarchy Problem
A new framework for solving the hierarchy problem was recently proposed which
does not rely on low energy supersymmetry or technicolor. The fundamental
Planck mass is at a \tev and the observed weakness of gravity at long
distances is due the existence of new sub-millimeter spatial dimensions. In
this picture the standard model fields are localized to a -dimensional
wall or ``3-brane''. The hierarchy problem becomes isomorphic to the problem of
the largeness of the extra dimensions. This is in turn inextricably linked to
the cosmological constant problem, suggesting the possibility of a common
solution. The radii of the extra dimensions must be prevented from both
expanding to too great a size, and collapsing to the fundamental Planck length
\tev^{-1}. In this paper we propose a number of mechanisms addressing this
question. We argue that a positive bulk cosmological constant can
stabilize the internal manifold against expansion, and that the value of
is not unstable to radiative corrections provided that the
supersymmetries of string theory are broken by dynamics on our 3-brane. We
further argue that the extra dimensions can be stabilized against collapse in a
phenomenologically successful way by either of two methods: 1) Large,
topologically conserved quantum numbers associated with higher-form bulk U(1)
gauge fields, such as the naturally occurring Ramond-Ramond gauge fields, or
the winding number of bulk scalar fields. 2) The brane-lattice-crystallization
of a large number of 3-branes in the bulk. These mechanisms are consistent with
theoretical, laboratory, and cosmological considerations such as the absence of
large time variations in Newton's constant during and after primordial
nucleosynthesis, and millimeter-scale tests of gravity.Comment: Corrected referencing to important earlier work by Sundrum, errors
fixed, additional discussion on radion phenomenology, conclusions unchanged,
23 pages, LaTe
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