Istraživanje analgetičnoga i sustavnoga učinka ibuprofena u kunića.

Ibuprofen suspensions (15 and 30 mg/kg b.m.) were orally administered to two groups of rabbits every 12 hours for three days following laparotomy. The effect of these doses on the pain scores, haematology parameters, several serum enzyme levels and gastrointestinal tract were evaluated. The results were then compared with the untreated group but laparotomised. The administration of 30 mg/kg b.m. ibuprofen produced a significantly (P0.05) different. Administration of the two doses of ibuprofen did not significantly (P>0.05) alter the packed cell volume (PCV), red blood cell count (RBC) and haemoglobin concentrations (Hbc) of the rabbits. Serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) significantly (P0,05). Primjena dviju doza ibuprofena nije značajno promijenila ukupan broj krvnih stanica, broj crvenih krvnih stanica i koncentraciju hemoglobina. Razine alanin-aminotransferaze (ALT) i aspartat-aminotransferaze (AST) u serumu značajno su bile povećane (P<0,05) u skupinama koje su dobivale ibuprofen. Značajan porast razine serumskoga kreatinina (P<0,05) zabilježen je u životinja kojima je dano 30 mg/kg ibuprofena. Ni u kontrolnih ni u pokusnih životinja nisu zabilježeni melena, povraćanje ni proljev. Zaključno se može reći da su dvije doze ibuprofena dovoljne da se smanji bol uzrokovana laparotomijom. Preporučuje se doza ibuprofena od 15 mg/kg tjelesne mase jer su se pri tom javljale slabije nuspojave od strane bubrega

Evaluation of the use of pentazocine in combination with diazepam and ketamine for surgical anaesthesia in rabbits

The effect of pentazocine on diazepam/ketamine anaesthesia was evaluated in this study. Pentazocine (10 mg/kg) was administered intramuscularly (im) prior to injection of diazepam (2 mg/kg, iv) and ketamine (15 mg/kg, im) in pentazocine /diazepam/ketamine (P/D/K) group. In the diazepam/ketamine group, anaesthesia was induced using diazepam (2 mg/kg, iv) and ketamine (15 mg/kg, im). All rabbits were laparotomized after induction of anaesthesia. Intra operatively, anaesthetic indices, physiologic variables and pain responses of rabbits were studied. Blood glucose and serum cortisol of rabbits were monitored post laparotomy. The durations of analgesia and anaesthesia were significantly shorter (p&lt;0.05) in the P/D/K group. Respiratory rates of P/D/K group were significantly higher (p&lt;0.05) than those of D/K group. Pain scores of P/D/K group were significantly higher (p&lt;0.05) than scores obtained in D/K group. At 30 and 90 minutes post laparotomy, blood glucose and serum cortisol of P/D/K group were significantly higher (p&lt;0.05) than those of D/K group. This study showed that pentazocine/diazepam/ketamine drug combination did not produce surgical anaesthesia in rabbits.Keywords: Ketamine, Diazepam, Pentazocine, Combined therapy, Surgical anaesthesia, Rabbi

Istraživanje analgetičnoga i sustavnoga učinka ibuprofena u kunića.

Ibuprofen suspensions (15 and 30 mg/kg b.m.) were orally administered to two groups of rabbits every 12 hours for three days following laparotomy. The effect of these doses on the pain scores, haematology parameters, several serum enzyme levels and gastrointestinal tract were evaluated. The results were then compared with the untreated group but laparotomised. The administration of 30 mg/kg b.m. ibuprofen produced a significantly (P0.05) different. Administration of the two doses of ibuprofen did not significantly (P>0.05) alter the packed cell volume (PCV), red blood cell count (RBC) and haemoglobin concentrations (Hbc) of the rabbits. Serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) significantly (P0,05). Primjena dviju doza ibuprofena nije značajno promijenila ukupan broj krvnih stanica, broj crvenih krvnih stanica i koncentraciju hemoglobina. Razine alanin-aminotransferaze (ALT) i aspartat-aminotransferaze (AST) u serumu značajno su bile povećane (P<0,05) u skupinama koje su dobivale ibuprofen. Značajan porast razine serumskoga kreatinina (P<0,05) zabilježen je u životinja kojima je dano 30 mg/kg ibuprofena. Ni u kontrolnih ni u pokusnih životinja nisu zabilježeni melena, povraćanje ni proljev. Zaključno se može reći da su dvije doze ibuprofena dovoljne da se smanji bol uzrokovana laparotomijom. Preporučuje se doza ibuprofena od 15 mg/kg tjelesne mase jer su se pri tom javljale slabije nuspojave od strane bubrega

EVALUATION OF WOUND HEALING AND ANTIBACTERIAL PROPERTIES OF METHANOLIC ROOT EXTRACT OF STEPHANIA DINKLAGEI (ENGL.) DIELS

Background: Stephania dinklagei Diels (Engl.) is used in folkloric medicine in Southeastern Nigeria for treatment of wounds and some bacterial-associated infections. This study evaluated the wound healing and antibacterial potential of Stephania dinklagei to validate or invalidate its folkloric use. Methods: The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of methanolic extract of S. dinklagei root (MESDR) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. was determined by macrobroth dilution. The extract at 20% and 10% concentrations were dosed orally to rats at 300mg/kg body weight (bw) in incision and dead space wound healing model to determine wound tensile strength and granulation tissue weight, respectively. Same extract concentrations were applied topically in excision wound model to determine the rate of wound contraction and epithelialization. Activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and the levels of total protein (TP), malondialdehyde (MAL), hydroxyproline (HYP) and hexosamine (HEX) in excision wound biopsies were determined at days 7 and 14 post wounding (pw). In the excision wound model, the extract concentrations were compared with gentamicin sulphate. Results: The MIC of S. dinklagei extract against P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, B. subtilis, E. coli and Klebsiella spp. were 8mg/ml, 3 mg/ml, 5mg/ml, 6mg/ml and 7mg/ml, respectively, while the corresponding MBC were 10 mg/ml, 5 mg/ml, 7mg/ml, 8mg/ml, and 9 mg/ml, respectively. The 20% extract concentration gave significantly (P0.05) at day 14 pw. HYP level of the extract-treated groups significantly (

Single versus repeated tramadol injection in laparotomized albino rats: comparison of effects on hematology, serum biochemical parameters, and body weight gain

This study was aimed to assess the effects of single and repeated tramadol administration on some hematological and serum biochemical parameters of laparotomized rats. Laparotomized rats (n=18) were randomly divided into three equal groups. Normal saline was administered to the rats of group 1 (control). Tramadol (dosed at 10 mg/kg bwt) was administered singly to the rats of group 2. The same dose of tramadol was administered repeatedly every 12 h up to 72 h to the rats of group 3. On day 3 and 10 post-laparotomy (PSL), blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, total serum protein, hematocrit, hemoglobin concentration and red blood cell counts in the rats of group 2 were found to be significantly (P<0.05) higher than those obtained in group 1 and group 3. Mean weights of rats in group 1 and group 3 were significantly lower than those of the rats of group 2 PSL. This study showed that repeated tramadol administration lead to slower weight gain as well as marked decrease in biochemical and erythrocytic variables in rats. Therefore, single administration of tramadol PSL may suffice for analgesia. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2015; 2(3.000): 316-320

Evaluation of anaesthetic characteristics of propofol in non-premedicated rabbits with experimentally induced post renal unilateral ureteral obstruction

This study was carried out to investigate the anaesthetic characteristics of propofol in rabbits with unilateral ureteral obstruction. Rabbits in two groups (B and C) were anaesthetized respectively with 10 mg/kg propofol intravenously (IV) on days 7 and 14 post unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). Healthy rabbits in group A served as the control group and were anaesthetized with propofol (10 mg/kg, IV). Duration of anaesthesia obtained in the control group was significantly (p&lt;0.05) shorter compared to anaesthetic duration of groups B and C. Time of recovery from anaesthesia in group A was significantly (p&lt;0.05) faster compared to that obtained in group C. Quality of induction, recovery quality and depth of anaesthesia were noted to be good in the three groups of rabbits. Apnoea was observed more in diseased rabbits (groups B and C) compared to the healthy rabbits. Heart rate of rabbits in groups A and B increased but decreased in group C post propofol injection (PPI). Respiratory rates (RR) of rabbits in all the groups decreased PPI with the highest respiratory depression noted in group C. Haematocrit of all rabbits increased though not significantly (p&gt;0.05) while white blood cell counts of rabbits decreased PPI. Total serum protein (TSP) and blood urea nitrogen levels of the three groups of rabbits increased PPI though not significantly (p&gt;0.05). Serum potassium, chlorine and bicarbonate levels of rabbits in all the three study groups increased PPI. Propofol at the dose used in this study induced rapid induction and recovery from anaesthesia, adequate depth of anaesthesia with no untoward haematologic and serum biochemical effects in UUO rabbits. However it’s marked respiratory depressant effect and ability to increase serum potassium levels may preclude its use in advanced UUO.Keywords: Ureteral obstruction, Propofol, Potassium, Apnoea, Anaesthesi