Extensive necrotizing fasciitis of scrotum and abdominal wall: Report of two cases and a review of the literature

The incidence rate of necrotizing fasciitis(NF) is low, but it has a high mortality rate. At present, it lacks experience in clinical treatment in municipal and county-level hospitals, insufficient awareness of disease risk, lack of experience in disease surgical intervention, and lack of a set of mature treatment norms and standards. Most patients have no time to transfer to a higher hospital for treatment. In January and April 2022, two cases of large-scale necrotizing fasciitis of the scrotum and abdominal wall were treated in the Department of Urology of Weifang people's Hospital respectively and were clinically cured after active surgical debridement combined with broad-spectrum antibiotics. Through the retrospective analysis of the diagnosis and treatment of two cases of necrotizing fasciitis, this paper analyzes and summarizes the scope of surgical debridement of NF, postoperative dressing changing skills, timing of multiple debridements, application and timing of vacuum sealing drainage(VSD), and the combined use of antibiotics. To provide experience for clinical diagnosis and treatment of necrotizing fasciitis

Investigation of Strain Fatigue Behavior for Inconel 625 with Laser Shock Peening

With excellent creep resistance, high-temperature thermal strength and high-temperature fatigue strength, Inconel 625 is widely applied to fabricate structural components in the aerospace field, where fatigue life is a key point. Laser shock peening (LSP) is considered to improve the fatigue strength and fatigue crack growth resistance of metal materials. The present work was conducted to investigate the influence of LSP on strain-controlled fatigue behavior of Inconel 625. The surface microstructures of specimens before and after LSP were observed by transmission electron microscope (TEM). The strain-controlled fatigue loading tests with different strain amplitudes ranging from 0.4% to 1.2% were carried out on the specimens, and the topography of fracture appearance was examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The investigations showed that the specimens with LSP presented fewer crack initiations, shorter fatigue striations space and smaller dimples or micropores, which account for the enhancement of the fatigue life for the LSP specimens. Furthermore, the plastic deformation, ultra-fine grains, twins and dislocations caused by LSP could prevent crack initiation, crack propagation and ultimate fracture, hence prolonging the fatigue life of the Inconel 625. In addition, it was revealed that the cyclic strain hardening as well as cyclic strain softening remains almost the same to Inconel 625 with or without LSP

Magnetic Nanoparticles Functionalized Few-Mode-Fiber-Based Plasmonic Vector Magnetometer

In this work, we demonstrate a highly-sensitive vector magnetometer based on a few-mode-fiber-based surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor functionalized by magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) in liquid. To fabricate the sensor, a few-mode fiber is side-polished and coated with a gold film, forming an SPR sensor that is highly sensitive to the surrounding refractive index. The vector magnetometer operates based on the mechanism whereby the intensity and orientation of an external magnetic field alters the anisotropic aggregation of the MNPs and thus the refractive index around the fiber SPR device. This, in turn, shifts the resonance wavelength of the surface plasmon. Experimental results show the proposed sensor is very sensitive to magnetic-field intensity and orientation (0.692 nm/Oe and −11.917 nm/°, respectively). These remarkable sensitivities to both magnetic-field intensity and orientation mean that the proposed sensor can be used in applications to detect weak magnetic-field vectors

Genetic variability in L1 and L2 genes of HPV-16 and HPV-58 in Southwest China.

HPV account for most of the incidence of cervical cancer. Approximately 90% of anal cancers and a smaller subset (<50%) of other cancers (oropharyngeal, penile, vaginal, vulvar) are also attributed to HPV. The L1 protein comprising HPV vaccine formulations elicits high-titre neutralizing antibodies and confers type restricted protection. The L2 protein is a promising candidate for a broadly protective HPV vaccine. In our previous study, we found the most prevalent high-risk HPV infectious serotypes were HPV-16 and HPV-58 among women of Southwest China. To explore gene polymorphisms and intratypic variations of HPV-16 and HPV-58 L1/L2 genes originating in Southwest China, HPV-16 (L1: n = 31, L2: n = 28) and HPV-58 (L1: n = 21, L2: n = 21) L1/L2 genes were sequenced and compared to others described and submitted to GenBank. Phylogenetic trees were then constructed by Neighbor-Joining and the Kimura 2-parameters methods (MEGA software), followed by an analysis of the diversity of secondary structure. Then selection pressures acting on the L1/L2 genes were estimated by PAML software. Twenty-nine single nucleotide changes were observed in HPV-16 L1 sequences with 16/29 non-synonymous mutations and 13/29 synonymous mutations (six in alpha helix and two in beta turns). Seventeen single nucleotide changes were observed in HPV-16 L2 sequences with 8/17 non-synonymous mutations (one in beta turn) and 9/17 synonymous mutations. Twenty-four single nucleotide changes were observed in HPV-58 L1 sequences with 10/24 non-synonymous mutations and 14/24 synonymous mutations (eight in alpha helix and four in beta turn). Seven single nucleotide changes were observed in HPV-58 L2 sequences with 4/7 non-synonymous mutations and 3/7 synonymous mutations. The result of selective pressure analysis showed that most of these mutations were of positive selection. This study may help understand the intrinsic geographical relatedness and biological differences of HPV-16/HPV-58 and contributes further to research on their infectivity, pathogenicity, and vaccine strategy

Neighbor joining phylogenetic tree generated using nucleotide sequences of the HPV-58 L2 gene.

<p>Study sequences are labeled in black. Others are standard sequences, including: D90400 (Japan), EU918765, HQ537760 (isolate AS347), HQ537762, HQ537763, HQ537776, HQ537774, and HQ537777. Phylogenetic trees were constructed by the Neighbor-Joining method and the Kimura 2-Parameter model by MEGA package.</p

Nucleotide sequence mutations of HPV-16 L1.

<p>Nucleotide sequence mutations of HPV-16 L1.</p

Neighbor joining phylogenetic tree generated using nucleotide sequences of the HPV-16 L2 gene.

<p>Study sequences are labeled in black. Others are standard sequences, including: AY686580, FJ006723 (China, Xinjiang), AY686581, EU118173, AF534061, U89348, AF536179, AF472508, AF536180, AF472509, and AY686579. Phylogenetic trees were constructed by the Neighbor-Joining method and the Kimura 2-Parameter model by MEGA package.</p