Empowering sustainable manufacturing: unleashing digital innovation in spool fabrication industries

In industrial landscapes, spool fabrication industries play a crucial role in the successful completion of numerous industrial projects by providing prefabricated modules. However, the implementation of digitalized sustainable practices in spool fabrication industries is progressing slowly and is still in its embryonic stage due to several challenges. To implement digitalized sustainable manufacturing (SM), digital technologies such as Internet of Things, Cloud computing, Big data analytics, Cyber-physical systems, Augmented reality, Virtual reality, and Machine learning are required in the context of sustainability. The scope of the present study entails prioritization of the enablers that promote the implementation of digitalized sustainable practices in spool fabrication industries using the Improved Fuzzy Stepwise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis (IMF-SWARA) method integrated with Triangular Fuzzy Bonferroni Mean (TFBM). The enablers are identified through a systematic literature review and are validated by a team of seven experts through a questionnaire survey. Then the finally identified enablers are analyzed by the IMF-SWARA and TFBM integrated approach. The results indicate that the most significant enablers are management support, leadership, governmental policies and regulations to implement digitalized SM. The study provides a comprehensive analysis of digital SM enablers in the spool fabrication industry and offers guidelines for the transformation of conventional systems into digitalized SM practices

Investigation of drying stresses on the physical stability of proteins using the mini-freeze-dryer, controlled hydration calorimetry and spectroscopy

Proteins are frequently produced as dry powders to improve stability during storage and shipping. The drying process such as freeze-drying may itself cause physical degradation of the protein, which is manifested as non-native structure in the dried state. Water plays an important role in maintaining the native structure and function of the protein. Removal of water is one of the primary reasons for physical degradation of proteins during drying. While the end result of drying, i.e. physical degradation, is well known, the mechanistic understanding of protein-water interactions and effect of process and formulation parameters affecting in-process stability of proteins remains incomplete. The objective of this research was to, (a) study protein-water interactions and use that information to understand the physical stability of the protein during the drying process; and (b) investigate the critical process and formulation parameters affecting protein stability during lyophilization.^ A perfusion isothermal calorimetry method was used to measure simultaneously water desorption isotherms and heats of water desorption (ΔH desorption) of proteins. Above a critical hydration level the measured ΔHdesorption had an endothermic component, which was attributed to conformational changes in the protein due to increased molecular mobility at high hydration.^ The effect of hydration on the secondary structure of proteins was studied using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. An investigation of the application of attenuated total reflection (ATR) technique and sample mulls in fluorolube in collecting spectra of hydrated proteins suggested mulls preparing mulls was the most appropriate method since it was directly comparable with other spectra collected in the transmission mode and the sample preparation was not likely to cause protein degradation as possible in the standard KBr pelletization method. The secondary structure of the proteins in hydrated state was similar to that in the dry state, suggesting that conformational changes in the protein as suggested by calorimetric results were mostly tertiary structure changes.^ A controlled humidity mini-freeze-dryer was developed to study the critical process and formulation parameters affecting protein stability during the drying stages of lyophilization. The stresses of primary and secondary drying were studied separately by conducting primary drying at high relative humidity to prevent water desorption. Primary drying did affect the protein stability even when collapse was induced by drying above the collapse temperature. Secondary drying was found to be the critical stage affecting protein stability. Low drying temperature, low relative humidity, shorter drying duration, and glass forming lyoprotectants resulted in higher protein activity suggesting molecular mobility had an impact on the physical stability of the protein. These results were in agreement with the calorimetric data that a combination temperature and water content determined the conformational flexibility of the protein.

Role of digitalized sustainable manufacturing in SME’S: a bibliometric analysis

The evolution of digital manufacturing is inherently linked with Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM) since 1980. CIM triggers the partial or fully automation in the industrial sector. Due to the global competitiveness and mandatory requirement of triple bottom line sustainability approach, the industries are on the verge of adapting digitalized sustainable manufacturing. The Digital manufacturing encompasses the whole integration throughout product life cycle and process, real-time monitoring of entire system, adaption of new innovative technologies in the context of sustainability. Nevertheless, DM is not restricted to a specific area, it includes all the tools and technologies for the quality improvement, customization, and efficient production strategies. The I4.0 technologies are vital elements of the Digital manufacturing paving the way to the sustainability. DM is the culmination of all information and communication technologies with high-speed computation capability, real-time data analysis by AI technology and finally cluster of all innovative technologies. Mostly all large-scale industrial sectors are adapting the digital technologies for existence survival in the international market. But the scenario of SME’S is contradictory, as they are perplexed in financial return, and ambiguous about the impact of these technologies on the accomplishment of overall sustainability. Especially, the adaption of innovative technologies in context of overall sustainability will cause a huge economic burden on the SME’S due to lack of funds and resources, and They must be reinforced by the government legislations and full back support from all corners. However, the past academic research was focused on the economic benefits of the digitalization and seldom efforts on providing insights about the integration of digitalization with triple bottom line sustainability. In addition, they envisioned the profitable aspects of the digital technologies in large scale manufacturing sector. These research gaps had been explored in the current study. The paper aims to conduct a bibliometric analysis on the past research developments in the digitalized sustainable manufacturing enhanced by the visualization software VOS in SME’S for providing a clear insight into the strategies, impediments, and ongoing trend in the small-scale sector

Interface Synthesis using Memory Mapping for an FPGA Platform

Several system-on-chip (SoC) platforms have recently emerged that use reconfigurable logic (FPGAs) as a programmable co-processor to reduce the computational load on the main processor core. We present an interface synthesis approach that enables us to do hardware-software codesign for such FPGA-based platforms. The approach is based on a novel memory mapping algorithm that maps data used by both the hardware and the software to shared memories on the reconfigurable fabric. The memory mapping algorithm uses scheduling information from a high-level synthesis tool to map variables, arrays and complex data structures to the shared memories in a way that minimizes the number of registers and multiplexers used in the hardware interface. We also present three software schemes that enable the application software to communicate with this hardware interface. We demonstrate the utility of our approach and study the trade-offs involved using a case study of the co-design of a computationally expensive portion of the MPEG-1 multimedia application on to the Altera Nios platform

The emergence of digitalization to the manufacturing sector in the sustainability context: a multi-stakeholder perspective analysis

Sustainable digitalization in industry requires extensive preplanning to integrate business strategies with the concept of digitalized sustainability. However, stakeholders often have different perspectives, making alignment more challenging. Stakeholders in the digitalized sustainable manufacturing industry must be identified and prioritized for effective implementation. Therefore, the present study combines a Systematic Literature Review and Hybrid Multi-Criteria Decision Techniques, including the Full Consistency Method and Fuzzy-Evaluation based on the Distance from Average Solution method, to prioritize stakeholders' roles in digitalized sustainable manufacturing and associated strategies. This study explores various implementation methodologies and their relations to different stakeholders. It categorizes stakeholders, such as manufacturers, research and development teams, managers, mergers and acquisitions, education programs, the 6R strategy, and eco-efficiency, to illustrate corresponding strategies. Overall, the study highlights the urgent need for meticulous planning to synchronize business strategies with digitalized sustainability while recognizing the difficulty in harmonizing different stakeholders' assessments. The research findings offer valuable insights for industry professionals aiming to navigate the complexities of sustainable digitalization successfully

Empowering sustainable manufacturing: unleashing digital innovation in spool fabrication industries

In industrial landscapes, spool fabrication industries play a crucial role in the successful completion of numerous industrial projects by providing prefabricated modules. However, the implementation of digitalized sustainable practices in spool fabrication industries is progressing slowly and is still in its embryonic stage due to several challenges. To implement digitalized sustainable manufacturing (SM), digital technologies such as Internet of Things, Cloud computing, Big data analytics, Cyber-physical systems, Augmented reality, Virtual reality, and Machine learning are required in the context of sustainability. The scope of the present study entails prioritization of the enablers that promote the implementation of digitalized sustainable practices in spool fabrication industries using the Improved Fuzzy Stepwise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis (IMF-SWARA) method integrated with Triangular Fuzzy Bonferroni Mean (TFBM). The enablers are identified through a systematic literature review and are validated by a team of seven experts through a questionnaire survey. Then the finally identified enablers are analyzed by the IMF-SWARA and TFBM integrated approach. The results indicate that the most significant enablers are management support, leadership, governmental policies and regulations to implement digitalized SM. The study provides a comprehensive analysis of digital SM enablers in the spool fabrication industry and offers guidelines for the transformation of conventional systems into digitalized SM practices. [Abstract copyright: © 2024 The Authors.

Investigation of Design Space for Freeze-Drying: Use of Modeling for Primary Drying Segment of a Freeze-Drying Cycle

In this work, we explore the idea of using mathematical models to build design space for the primary drying portion of freeze-drying process. We start by defining design space for freeze-drying, followed by defining critical quality attributes and critical process parameters. Then using mathematical model, we build an insilico design space. Input parameters to the model (heat transfer coefficient and mass transfer resistance) were obtained from separate experimental runs. Two lyophilization runs are conducted to verify the model predictions. This confirmation of the model predictions with experimental results added to the confidence in the insilico design space. This simple step-by-step approach allowed us to minimize the number of experimental runs (preliminary runs to calculate heat transfer coefficient and mass transfer resistance plus two additional experimental runs to verify model predictions) required to define the design space. The established design space can then be used to understand the influence of critical process parameters on the critical quality attributes for all future cycles