TRIM29 acts as a potential senescence suppressor with epigenetic activation in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Epigenetic alterations marked by DNA methylation are frequent events during the early development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). We identified that TRIM29 is hypomethylated and overexpressed in NPC cell lines and tissues. TRIM29 silencing not only limited the growth of NPC cells in vitro and in vivo, but also induced cellular senescence, along with reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. Mechanistically, we found that TRIM29 interacted with voltage-dependent anion-selective channel 1 (VDAC1) to activate mitophagy clearing up damaged mitochondria, which are the major source of ROS. In patients with NPC, high levels of TRIM29 expression are associated with an advanced clinical stage. Moreover, we detected hypomethylation of TRIM29 in patient nasopharyngeal swab DNA. Our findings indicate that TRIM29 depends on VDAC1 to induce mitophagy and prevents cellular senescence by decreasing ROS. Detection of aberrantly methylated TRIM29 in the nasopharyngeal swab DNA could be a promising strategy for the early detection of NPC

PARTICULATE SILICON IN THE CHANGJIANG ESTUARY AND ITS ADJACENT SEA IN SPRING

participantSuspended particulate matter (SPM) was collected to measure the particulate biogenic (PBSi) and lithogenic (LSi) silica in the Changjiang Estuary and its adjacent sea.In addition, the mesocosm experiments were carried out to discuss the distribution and variation of PBSi and relationships between PBSi and other environmental factors. Average Concentrations of PBSi and LSi are 1.12μmol/L and 39.74μmol/L, respectively.The content of LSi is much higher than that in the other regions of the world,but the concentration of PBSi is in middle level.Both the content of PBSi and LSi showed higher values in the coastal areas than offshore areas,due to the huge freshwater discharge with abundant sediment loads from the Changjing river.In addition,both the values of PBSi and LSi in bottom waters are higher than those in upper waters because of the resuspended SPM.PBSi is closely related with silicate and SPM,but the Prorocentrum donghaiense was bloom in the investigation periods and only a small amount of PBSi was bound to identifiable diatom cells,so the distribution of chla was different from that of PBSi.During the mesocosm experiments, the biomass of diatoms increased with nutrients addition,followed by the higher concentration of PBSi, but the concentrations of nutrients did not affect the LSi level

Nasopharyngeal Cancer Incidence and Mortality in 185 Countries in 2020 and the Projected Burden in 2040: Population-Based Global Epidemiological Profiling

BackgroundNasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) is one of the most common head and neck cancers. ObjectiveThis study describes the global epidemiological profiles of NPC incidence and mortality in 185 countries in 2020 and the projected burden in 2040. MethodsThe estimated numbers of NPC cases and deaths were retrieved from the GLOBOCAN 2020 data set. Age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRs) and age-standardized mortality rates (ASMRs) were calculated using the world standard. The future number of NPC cases and deaths by 2040 were estimated based on global demographic projections. ResultsGlobally, approximately 133,354 cases and 80,008 deaths from NPC were estimated in 2020 corresponding to ASIRs and ASMRs of 1.5 and 0.9 per 100,000 person-years, respectively. The largest numbers of both global cases and deaths from NPC occurred in Eastern Asia (65,866/133,354, 49.39% and 36,453/80,008, 45.56%, respectively), in which China contributed most to this burden (62,444/133,354, 46.82% and 34,810/80,008, 43.50%, respectively). The ASIRs and ASMRs in men were approximately 3-fold higher than those in women. Incidence rates varied across world regions, with the highest ASIRs for both men and women detected in South-Eastern Asia (7.7 and 2.5 per 100,000 person-years, respectively) and Eastern Asia (3.9 and 1.5 per 100,000 person-years, respectively). The highest ASMRs for both men and women were found in South-Eastern Asia (5.4 and 1.5 per 100,000 person-years, respectively). By 2040, the annual number of cases and deaths will increase to 179,476 (46,122/133,354, a 34.58% increase from the year 2020) and 113,851 (33,843/80,008, a 42.29% increase), respectively. ConclusionsDisparities in NPC incidence and mortality persist worldwide. Our study highlights the urgent need to develop and accelerate NPC control initiatives to tackle the NPC burden in certain regions and countries (eg, South-Eastern Asia, China)

Review of Researches on Marine Strategic Emerging Industry in China

Marine strategic emerging industries represent the direction of technological revolution and industrial transformation, and are the key areas for cultivating new kinetic energy and gaining new competitive advantages in the future. This paper systematically combed the research status of China′s marine strategic emerging industries from the aspects of the current situation, problems and influencing factors, cultivation paths and development countermeasures, and looked forward to the development trend and research direction of marine strategic emerging industries, with a view to providing decision-making reference for relevant departments to develop marine strategic emerging industries and promote the high-quality development of marine economy in the new stage, new journey and new starting point, so as to effectively play the supporting and guaranteeing role of marine strategic emerging industries in economic and social transformation

Wettability Switching of Electrode for Signal Amplification: Conversion of Conformational Change of Stimuli-Responsive Polymer into Enhanced Electrochemical Chiral Analysis

Signal amplification of chiral interaction is a much needed task for sensing of enantiomers due to nearly identical chemical and physical properties of the chiral isomers. In this article, we established an electrochemical chiral sensing method with high sensitivity and selectivity for monosacharrides based on the stimuli-responsive copolymer/graphene hybrid-modified screen-printed carbon electrodes. The hybrid synthesized by the “grafting from” atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) process not only acted as a chiral recognition element but also provided a chiral signal amplification strategy. This occurs due to high sensitivity of conformational transition of copolymer on graphene to the weak chiral interactions that greatly facilitating the diffusion of electroactive probes and monosaccharides to the electrode surface. The described method can quantify monosaccharides, even the concentration of one enantiomer is as low as 1 nM. Apart from the demonstrated chiral distinguish ability, good selectivity toward monosaccharides in comparison to potential interference molecules was also observed. The electrodes with significant analytical performance were successfully applied for discriminating glucose enantiomers in live cells and studying their different transport mechanism. Together, the results show that the coupling of amplification-by-wettability switching concept with electrochemical method offers great promises in providing a sensitive, facile, and cost-effective solution for chiral recognition of molecules in biological process

The Environmental Burdens of Lead-Acid Batteries in China: Insights from an Integrated Material Flow Analysis and Life Cycle Assessment of Lead

International audienc

Prevalence and molecular characterization of

Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis are common gastrointestinal parasites with a broad range of hosts, including humans, livestock, and wildlife. To examine the infection status and assess the zoonotic potential of Cryptosporidium spp. and G. duodenalis in dairy cattle in Gansu, China, a total of 1414 fecal samples were collected from the rectum, with one sample collected from each individual animal. All the samples were tested using nested PCR based on the small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) gene of Cryptosporidium spp. and G. duodenalis. The overall infection rates of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis were 4.2% (n = 59) and 1.0% (n = 14), respectively. Four Cryptosporidium species were identified: C. andersoni (n = 42), C. parvum (n = 12), C. bovis (n = 5), and C. ryanae (n = 1). In further analyses of subtypes of C. parvum isolates based on the 60 kDa glycoprotein (gp60) gene, five were successfully subtyped as IIdA19G1 (n = 4) and IIdA15G1 (n = 1). All 14 G. duodenalis isolates were identified as assemblage E using the triosephosphate isomerase (tpi) gene. The relatively low positive rates of Cryptosporidium spp. and G. duodenalis detected here and the predominance of non-human pathogenic species/assemblages of these parasites indicated their unique transmission dynamics in this area and the low level of threat posed to public health. However, continuous monitoring and further studies of these parasites should be conducted for the prevention and control of these pathogens

Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Waterlogging-Sensitive and Waterlogging-Tolerant Chrysanthemum morifolium Cultivars under Waterlogging Stress and Reoxygenation Conditions

Waterlogging stress is among the most severe abiotic stressors in the breeding and the production of Chrysanthemum morifolium. However, the mechanism underlying the response to waterlogging and post-waterlogging reoxygenation in C. morifolium remains unknown. In this study, we compared the differences between the transcriptomes of two chrysanthemum cultivars, i.e., the waterlogging-tolerant cultivar “Nannongxuefeng” and the waterlogging-sensitive cultivar “Qinglu”, by performing RNA-seq to elucidate the possible mechanism of waterlogging and reoxygenation in C. morifolium. “Nannongxuefeng” had a higher ethylene production under the waterlogging and reoxygenation conditions. Furthermore, the expression of transcription factors and genes that are involved in the hormone response, N-end rule pathway and ROS signaling significantly differed between the two cultivars. “Nannongxuefeng” and “Qinglu” significantly differed in their response to waterlogging and reoxygenation, providing a deeper understanding of the mechanism underlying the response to waterlogging and guidance for the breeding of C. morifolium

Biomimetic Mineralization of Gold Nanoclusters as Multifunctional Thin Films for Glass Nanopore Modification, Characterization, and Sensing

Hurdles of nanopore modification and characterization restrain the development of glass capillary-based nanopore sensing platforms. In this article, a simple but effective biomimetic mineralization method was developed to decorate glass nanopore with a thin film of bovine serum albumin-protected Au nanocluster (BSA-Au NC). The BSA-Au NC film emitted a strong red fluorescence whereby nondestructive characterization of Au film decorated at the inner surface of glass nanopore can be facilely achieved by a fluorescence microscopy. Besides, the BSA molecules played dual roles in the fabrication of functionalized Au thin film in glass nanopore: they not only directed the synthesis of fluorescent Au thin film but also provided binding sites for recognition, thus achieving synthesis-modification integration. This occurred due to the ionized carboxyl groups (-COO^–) of a BSA coating layer on Au NCs which can interacted with arginine (Arg) via guanidinium groups. The added Arg selectively led to the change in the charge and ionic current of BSA-Au NC film-decorated glass nanopore. Such ionic current responses can be used for quantifying Arg with a detection limit down to 1 fM, which was more sensitive than that of previous sensing systems. Together, the designed method exhibited great promise in providing a facile and controllable solution for glass nanopore modification, characterization, and sensing

Prevalence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms and their associations with sleep schedules and sleep-related problems among preschoolers in mainland China

Abstract Background Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) among children is an increasing public health concern. The identification of behavioral risk factors, including sleep quality, has important public health implications for prioritizing behavioral intervention strategies for ADHD. Herein, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence of high levels of ADHD symptoms and to explore the association between sleep schedules, sleep-related problems and ADHD symptoms among preschoolers aged 3 to 6 years in mainland China. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted, comprising a large sample of 15,291 preschoolers in Ma’anshan city of Anhui Province in China. ADHD symptoms were assessed by the 10-item Chinese version of the Conners Abbreviated Symptom Questionnaire (C-ASQ). Sleep-related variables included caregivers’ responses to specific questions addressing children’s daytime and nighttime sleep schedules, as well as sleep-related behaviors. Data on other factors were also collected, such as socio-demographic characteristics, TV viewing duration on weekdays and weekends, and outdoor activities. Logistic regression models were used to analyze the relationships between sleep schedules, sleep-related problems and ADHD symptoms. Results Approximately 8.6% of the total sample of preschoolers had high levels of ADHD symptoms, with boys having higher levels than girls (9.9% vs. 7.2%). In the logistic regression analysis, after adjusting for TV viewing duration, outdoor activities, and socio-demographic characteristics, delayed bedtime was significantly associated with a risk of high levels of ADHD symptoms, with odds ratios (OR) of 2.50 [95% confidence interval (CI): 2.09 ~ 3.00] and 2.04 (95% CI: 1.72 ~ 2.42) for weekdays and weekends, respectively. Longer time falling asleep (≥ 31 min) (OR = 1.76, 95% CI: 1.47 ~ 2.11), no naps (OR = 1.57, 95% CI: 1.34 ~ 1.84) and frequent sleep-related problems (OR = 4.57, 95% CI: 3.86 ~ 5.41) were also significantly associated with an increased risk of high levels of ADHD symptoms, while longer sleep duration (> 8.5 h) was associated with a decreased risk of high levels of ADHD symptoms (OR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.67~ 0.87). Conclusions ADHD symptoms are prevalent in preschoolers in Ma’anshan region, China. Undesirable sleep schedules and sleep-related problems among preschoolers confer a risk of ADHD symptoms, highlighting the finding that beneficial and regular sleep habits potentially attenuate ADHD symptoms among preschoolers