How Different Behavior of Bosses Affect the Organization Performance

The behaviors of bosses in the organization determine the good and bad performances of employees. The purpose of this research is to identify behaviors of different bosses in various situations. Actually people or employees must be guided by bosses, who have a clear sense of direction. A group discussion approach has been adopted by the researchers in which department of management sciences of The Islamia University Bahawalpur has been taken for the discussion on boss behaviors. A qualitative approach has been adopted for content analysis of performance evaluation of employees in this university. Research has been taken from teaching staff of university and results are analyzed for the basis of group discussion. Results have shown that by compare and contrast method to evaluate the responses of teacher about their boss. Research have also shown that factors like displaying moral courage ,abusive supervision ,keep commitments and opportunity learn and grow are the potential hindrances in performances of teacher in this department .Proposals and implications for this department have also been discussed in order to improve the performance. Keywords: Human resource management, organization performance, teacher’s evaluation, work environment, bosses behavior, Department of management sciences Islamia University Bahawalpur (DMS, IUB

Mitigation of water scarcity with sustained growth of Rice by plant growth promoting bacteria

Climate change augments the risk to food security by inducing drought stress and a drastic decline in global rice production. Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) have been known to improve plant growth under drought stress. Here in the present study, we isolated, identified, and well-characterized eight drought-tolerant bacteria from the rice rhizosphere that are tolerant to 20% PEG-8000. These strains exhibited multiple plant growth-promoting traits, i.e., 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase activity, exopolysaccharide production, phosphate (P)-solubilizing activity (51–356 µg ml-1), indole-3 acetic acid (IAA) production (14.3–46.2 µg ml-1), and production of organic acids (72–178 µg ml-1). Inoculation of bacterial consortium (Bacillus subtilis NM-2, Brucella haematophilum NM-4, and Bacillus cereus NM-6) significantly improved seedling growth and vigor index (1009.2-1100) as compared to non-inoculated stressed plants (630-957). Through rhizoscanning, efficiency of the consortium was validated by improved root parameters such as root length (17%), diameter, and surface area (18%) of all tested genotypes as compared with respective non-inoculated stressed treatments. Furthermore, the response of consortium inoculation on three rice genotypes was positively correlated with improved plant growth and drought stress ameliorating traits by the accumulation of osmoprotectant, i.e., proline (85.8%–122%), relative water content (51%), membrane stability index (64%), and production of antioxidant enzymes to reduce oxidative damage by reactive oxygen species. A decrease in temperature and improved chlorophyll content of inoculated plants were found using infrared thermal imaging and soil plant analyzer development (SPAD), respectively. The key supporting role of inoculation toward stress responses was validated using robust techniques like infrared thermal imaging and an infrared gas analyzer. Furthermore, principal component analysis depicts the contribution of inoculation on stress responses and yield of tested rice genotypes under water stress. The integration of drought-tolerant rice genotype (NIBGE-DT02) and potential bacterial strains, i.e., NM-2, NM-4, and NM-6, can serve as an effective bioinoculant to cope with water scarcity under current alarming issues related to food security in fluctuating climate

Rough Substructures Based on Overlaps of Successor in Quantales Under Serial Fuzzy Relations

In this research article, a new connection between serial fuzzy relations and an extended version of rough sets in an algebraic structure quantale is established. The extended notion of rough sets consists of successor class and an overlap of the successor class of an element of a quantale. Thus a new approximation space based on serial fuzzy relations via the overlaps of successor in quantales, are introduced. The main purpose of this study is to provide basic algebraic structures based on serial fuzzy-relations. In this way, the new approximation space acquires certain appealing algebraic properties. Compatible fuzzy relations in quantale are being applied to introduce the notions of rough multiplicative set, rough m-system and further rough substructures of quantales. Following that, various quantale substructures are described in terms of successor overlaps under serial fuzzy relations, leading to the development of some key theorems. Moreover, several results including quantale homomorphism between rough substructures and their homomorphic images are provided. It is concluded that this new study is significantly easy and superior to various types of approximations in various types of algebraic structures. Furthermore, different examples are given to show the effectiveness of the developed approach and a comparative study of the investigated approach with some existing methods are expressed broadly which show that the investigated approach are more effective and easy than the existing approaches

Synergistic effect of reduced graphene oxide layers wrapped in polyaniline sheets to porous blades for boosted oxygen evolution reaction

Electrochemical water splitting is a unique approach for producing renewable energy in hydrogen fuel, though it is limited due to the sluggish kinetics of oxygen evolution reaction (OER). To enhance the efficacy of hydrogen production, it is a need to regulate oxygen evolution reaction. An efficient strategy is to construct a competent electrocatalyst with an immense open, active site, highly stable, porous structure, and large surface area. This study employs an inexpensive, facile, and eco-friendly single-step route to fabricate reduced graphene oxide (rGO) layers wrapped in polyaniline (PANI) sheets to achieve the controlled blades morphology. All the synthesized materials are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), BET to examine their structural, morphological, and textural properties. Interestingly, when all the synthesized materials are employed for electrochemical measurements, rGO/PANI nanocomposite exhibits exceptional performance with a low overpotential of 221 mV to achieve a current density of 10 mA/cm2, lower Tafel slope of 37 mV/dec, and also high stability of 20 h. Overall, this work could lead up to the fabrication of innovative blade structured nanocomposite as an efficient electrocatalyst and make it applicable for multiple applications.- Deanship of Scientific Research at King Khalid University, Saudi Arabia - Research Groups Program [grant number R.G.P. 1/41/42.]. - Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan

Plant Growth Promotion and Suppression of Bacterial Leaf Blight in Rice by Inoculated Bacteria

<div><p>The present study was conducted to evaluate the potential of rice rhizosphere associated antagonistic bacteria for growth promotion and disease suppression of bacterial leaf blight (BLB). A total of 811 rhizospheric bacteria were isolated and screened against 3 prevalent strains of BLB pathogen <i>Xanthomonas oryzae</i> pv. <i>oryzae</i> (Xoo) of which five antagonistic bacteria, <i>i</i>.<i>e</i>., <i>Pseudomonas</i> spp. E227, E233, Rh323, <i>Serratia</i> sp. Rh269 and <i>Bacillus</i> sp. Rh219 showed antagonistic potential (zone of inhibition 1–19 mm). Production of siderophores was found to be the common biocontrol determinant and all the strains solubilized inorganic phosphate (82–116 μg mL^-1) and produced indole acetic acid (0.48–1.85 mg L^-1) <i>in vitro</i>. All antagonistic bacteria were non-pathogenic to rice, and their co-inoculation significantly improved plant health in terms of reduced diseased leaf area (80%), improved shoot length (31%), root length (41%) and plant dry weight (60%) as compared to infected control plants. Furthermore, under pathogen pressure, bacterial inoculation resulted in increased activity of defense related enzymes including phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and polyphenol oxidase, along with 86% increase in peroxidase and 53% increase in catalase enzyme activities in plants inoculated with <i>Pseudomonas</i> sp. Rh323 as well as co-inoculated plants. Bacterial strains showed good colonization potential in the rice rhizosphere up to 21 days after seed inoculation. Application of bacterial consortia in the field resulted in an increase of 31% in grain yield and 10% in straw yield over non-inoculated plots. Although, yield increase was statistically non-significant but was accomplished with overall saving of 20% chemical fertilizers. The study showed that <i>Pseudomonas</i> sp. Rh323 can be used to develop dual-purpose inoculum which can serve not only to suppress BLB but also to promote plant growth in rice.</p></div

Non-Hodgkin\u27s lymphoma masquerading as splenic abscess: A case report.

Background: Non-Hodgkin\u27s lymphoma (NHL) is a monoclonal proliferation of lymphoid cells from B lineage. Although NHLs are primarily hematological tumors of lymph nodes but rarely can involve extranodal sites such as the spleen. Case report: A 29-year-old female patient presented with low-grade fever, cough, anemia, weight loss, tender left hypochondrium, and splenomegaly. A hypodense lesion in the spleen with central necrosis, having strong positivity for common leukocyte antigen (LCA), CD 20, and CD 10, led to a diffuse large B cell lymphoma diagnosis. The patient had an excellent clinical post-splenectomy response to combination chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Conclusion: NHL can present with symptomatic extra-nodal involvement without enlarged lymph nodes

Detection of <i>Xanthomonas oryzae</i> (Xoo) pathovar (A) and confirmation of pathogenicity (B) of selected Xoo strains on rice variety Super Basmati.

<p>Xoo8, 9, 10 were isolated in the present study: Xoo4, Reference strain for pathovar detection. For pathogenicity test, control plants were clip inoculated with sterilized water. The values are an average of three replicates. Error bars show standard deviation.</p

Biocontrol and growth promoting determinants of rhizobacteria isolated from rice grown in Pakistani soils.

<p>Biocontrol and growth promoting determinants of rhizobacteria isolated from rice grown in Pakistani soils.</p