Dimensional changes of alginate impression by using perforated and non-perforated ring trays

Dimensional changes are a common occurrence in impressions, either during or after impression taking. It produces a difference in the dimensions of the object and the model, which leads to the restoration being ill-fitted. Several causal factors have been proposed such as friction between the impression material and the teeth, the bulk of the impression material, the type of impression materials used, the impression technique, the pouring time and many others. The exact causal factor is still unknown and the dimensional change mechanism is still poorly understood. The objective of this research was to investigate the role of the perforation on the ring trays in producing dimensional changes in the impression by using perforated and non-perforated ring trays. Alginate impressions were made on the frustum of cone metal master die with a 7.08 mm base diameter, 7.03 mm top diameter and 9.23 mm height using perforated and non-perforated ring trays with 9.40 mm in diameter and 14.17 mm in height. The dimensional change was determined by comparing the dimension of the dental stone die and its metal master die. The results showed that the percentage of dimensional changes that occurred by using perforated ring tray were (+) 0.56±0.40 on the top area, (-) 3.54±2.92 on base area and (+) 1.54±0.83 in height, respectively. As compared to using non-perforated ring trays, the percentage of dimensional changes that occurred were (-) 0.49±0.49 on top area, (-) 8.76±3.95 on base area and (+) 1.19±0.71 in height, respectively. There was a significant difference in the direction of the dimensional changes on both the top areas, but not in the base areas and height

DISINFECTION CAPACITY OF MOUTHWASHES USING AS ADMIX SOLUTION OF ALGINATE IMPRESSION: KAPASITAS DISINFEKSI OBAT KUMUR DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN SOLUSI CAMPURAN DARI CETAKAN ALGINAT

Immersion and spraying with disinfectant solution are the effective disinfection methods for alginate impression. However these methods causes dimensional changes on impression. Therefore mouthwash, which also has disinfectant function on microorganism can be used as mixing solution for alginate impression material. The aim of this study is to analyze antibacterial capacity of mouthwashes that used as admix solution for alginate impression. Samples was made from alginate impression material in tablet form with 15 mm diameter and 1 mm thickness. Total samples are 35 , 5 for admix with aquadest as control, chlorhexidine 0.1%, povidon iodine, sodium fluoride 0.1% wv, respectively. Samples were put on incubated Staphylococcus aureus in petri dish and kept in incubator for 24 hours at 37°C. Immersion was performed by dipping 15 samples of hygedent admix with aquadest into mouthwash liquids for 15 minutes. Inhibition zone was measured by using digital calliper. Statistic analysis was performed by using ANOVA one way and unpaired t-test. The admix with chlorhexidine 0.1% show the inhibition zone by 8.09 mm, povidon iodine 0.52 mm, and sodium fluoride 0.1% wv 2.91 mm. By using immersion method they show 7.63 mm inhibition zone for chlorhexidine 0.1%, 1.51 mm for povidon iodine, and 0.91 mm for sodium fluoride 0.1% wv. There are insignificant differences between admix and immerse with chlorhexidine 0.1% solution (p= 0.25). It can be concluded that chlorhexidine mouthwash 0.1% has the equal antibacterial capacity when used for admix solution nor immerse the alginate impression

The Evaluation of Flow Property of Alginate Impression Material Mixed with Gargle Solutions

The effects of antiseptic and gargle solutions mixed with the irreversible hydrocolloid alginate impression material to anti-bacterial activity and several properties had been elucidated. The flow property of the such impression has been not elucidated yet. The aim of the study was to evaluate the flow property of alginate impression mixed with gargle solution. Aroma Fine Plus alginate impression material was used and mixed with aquadest as control and Minosep, Betadine and Total Care gargle solutions. Ratio between alginate and each solutions were performed by following the producer’s guidance as 8.4gr alginate and 20ml solution. The every alginate mixtures were made in triplicate (n=3).  Measurement of flow capability was performed by using 0.5ml of alginate mix laid on glass plate covered with cellophane strip and loaded with 1kg metal for 1 minute. The major and minor diameters were measured by using digital caliper. Data were analyzed  by using one way ANOVA (α= 0.05). Aroma Fine mixed with aquadest showed the flow capability was about 26.18mm. Mixed with Minosep showed about 27.85mm, with Betadine 29.19mm and Total Care 27.11mm respectively. Statistically show a significant different  flow capability between aquadest and Betadine mixed impression (p=0.01). Minosep and Total Care gargle solutions showed insignificant different with aquadest mixed impression (p>0.05). It can be concluded that the utilizing of Minosep and Total care gargle solution as  solutions mixed with alginate impression material have no effect to flow property of the impression, except by using Betadine gargle solution

TEKNOLOGI NANO DI BIDANG KEDOKTERAN GIGI: NANO TECHNOLOGY IN DENTISTRY

Akhir-akhir ini teknologi nano semakin berkembang pesat di bidang kedokteran gigi. Penggunaan teknologi ini akanmemungkinkan pengembangan ilmu material dan bio-teknologi. Teknologi nano mengembangkan bahan dalam bentukpartikel berukuran nano untuk mendapatkan produk-produk yang lebih baik. Hal ini erat hubungannya denganperkembangan bahan dan perawatan di kedokteran gigi. Makalah ini akan memaparkan mengenai pengaplikasianteknologi nano, teknologi pemanipulasian serta tujuan penggunaan teknologi nano di bidang kedokteran gigi.Nanokomposit, dental implan, nanoadhesif, bahan cetak nano, gigi tiruan, pasta gigi dan kawat ortodonti merupakanbahan yang telah menggunakan teknologi nano. Sintesa partikel nano dapat diakukan dengan metode top down (fisika)dan metode bottom up (kimia). Sebagai kesimpulan, dengan teknologi nano ini akan diperoleh sifat-sifat bahan yang lebihbaik pada sifat fisis (hardness, translusensi, flow), mekanis (strength, modulus of elasticity, strength, khemis(osseointegrasi) dan biologis. Walaupun demikian masih ada keburukan yang masih kontroversi pada penggunaanteknologi nano, misalnya sitotoksisitas

PERBEDAAN PENYERAPAN AIR KE DALAM RESIN KOMPOSIT MIKROHIBRID DAN NANOHIBRID SETELAH DIRENDAM DI DALAM SALIVA BUATAN: DIFFERENCES OF WATER ABSORPTION INTO MICRO AND NANOHYBRID COMPOSITE RESINS AFTER IMMERSED IN ARTIFICIAL SALIVA

Resin komposit sebagai bahan restorasi di dalam mulut akan selalu berkontak dengan saliva sehingga terjadi penyerapan air ke dalam resin komposit. Penyerapan air pada resin komposit dapat menurunkan sifat fisis dan mekanis serta menimbulkan kelarutan elemen resin komposit sehingga akan memperpendek masa pakai dan menimbulkan toksis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan besaran serapan air, kedalaman dan kecepatan penyerapan air antara resin komposit mikrohibrid dengan nanohibrid setelah direndam di dalam saliva buatan. Sampel yang digunakan pada penelitian ini dibuat dari resin komposit mikrohibrid dan nanohibrid berbentuk tablet berdiameter 15 mm dan tebal 1 mm dengan pengerasan sinar tampak biru. Penelitian dilakukan dengan merendam sampel di dalam saliva buatan selama 2, 4, 6, dan 8 jam. Besaran serapan air dihitung dari perubahan berat yang terjadi dan kedalaman penyerapan air diukur dengan menggunakan mikrograf mikroskop. Kecepatan penyerapan dihitung dengan membandingkan kedalaman penyerapan air dengan waktu perendaman. Hasil yang diperoleh memperlihatkan serapan air pada resin komposit mikrohibrid 2,69, 5,71, 5,88, dan 5,96% sedangkan pada nanohibrid 5,34, 3,76, 3,09 dan 2,83%. Hasil pengukuran kedalaman penyerapan air pada resin komposit mikrohibrid 3054,98, 6125,42, 8529,94, dan 8930,01µm sedangkan pada nanohibrid 7830,77, 6941,29, 6844,67 dan 6120,53µm. Hasil penghitungan kecepatan penyerapan air resin komposit mikrohibrid adalah 1527,45, 1531,36, 1421,66 dan 1116,18µm/jam sedangkan pada nanohibrid 3915,39, 1735,32, 1140, 78 dan 761,32µm/jam. Analisis statistik menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan (p≤ 0,05) pada ketiga variabel tersebut antara kedua jenis resin komposit yang diuji. Dapat disimpulkan, serapan air dan kedalaman penyerapan resin komposit mikrohibrid lebih besar dibandingkan nanohibrid sedangkan kecepatan penyerapan air pada kedua jenis resin komposit mengalami penurunan

Desinfeksi Hasil Cetakan

Impression taking is performed to find model of patient’s teeth and oral cavity in making  restoration or orthodontic appliances. The impression enable bacteria, fungi or virus from saliva or blood in oral cavity to be transferred. Washing the impression by using running water is not enough to completely remove all of bacteria, fungi or virus has been attached on the impression. Therefore the disinfection procedure on impression is needed to avoid the cross infection between the patient and operator. Cross infection of contamination of virus, fungi or bacteria cause of B hepatitis, tuberculosis, herpes zoster and Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (HIV-AIDS) diseases. There are many many  disinfectant agents which have been recommended to be used  in effort to disinfect impression such as chlorine compound, iodophore, glutaraldehide and phenol. There are several methods of disinfection can be performed such as immersion, spray or admix the disinfectant into impression material. However several disinfection methods cause side effects such as dimensional change especially on alginate impression, quality of impression surface, surface roughness and other properties of impression material. In this paper the side effects occur in impression material caused by impression disinfection will be studied and discussed. Farther the disinfection by using UV light, blue light, microwave, autoclave, gargle and the possibility of  traditional flora solution using as disinfectant of impression will be explained

IMPRESSION DIMENSIONAL CHANGE OF POLYVINYL SILOXANE LIGHT AND MEDIUM BODY MATERIAL BY USING PERFORATED TRAY : PERUBAHAN DIMENSI CETAKAN BAHAN CETAK POLYVINYL SILOXANE LIGHT DAN MEDIUM BODY DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN SENDOK CETAK BERLUBANG

Generally impression materials including elastomer impression materials show dimensional changes after impression taking. There are many investigations that show these dimensional changes with several causal factor possibilities proposed by the authors. The actual causal factor has not been elucidated yet. The aim of this study was to find out the behaviour and dimensional changes occured in two types of elastomeric impression consistency materials by using perforated tray. Light and medium body types of polyvinyl siloxane impression materials were used in this study. Impression consistency materials were tested with the method noted at the ANSI/ ADA specification no.19-2000. Design of study post-test only. Impression was taken by using perforated metal tray on frustum conical metal master die (n= 10 impressions/material). The dimensions of samples were measured by using digital calliper (Mitutoyo, Japan) at base, top area and height. The dimensional changes were calculated from master and stone die measurement. The results showed that there were dimensional changes occured in all of observed areas. Light body type showed dimensional changes at base, top area and height as many as (+) 0.032 ± 0.016 mm, (-) 0.136 ± 0.045 mm and (+) 0.112 ± 0.022 mm, respectively. Medium body type showed dimensional changes at base, top area and height as many as (+) 0.009 ± 0.013 mm, (-) 0.090 ± 0.016 mm and (+) 0.085 ± 0.010mm, respectively. In conclusion, there were significant differences between light and medium body types of polyvinyl siloxane impression materials caused the quantity of dimensional changes on impression (p< 0.05). Stress releasing passes through the holes on perforated tray may take a possible role to cause different direction of dimensional changes on impression