Landscape design proposal for recreational use of Bilecik Pelitözü Pond close area

Bilecik, yüzey şekilleri (topoğrafik) bakımından eğimli bir arazi biçimine sahiptir. Bu nedenle kentlinin boş vakitlerini değerlendirebilmek, fiziksel ve ruhsal açıdan yenilenebilmek için gerçekleştirecekleri aktiviteler için kent içerisindeki açık-yeşil alanlar sınırlı ölçekte kalmış kent yakın çevresine eğilim artmıştır. Kentlinin ve ziyaretçilerin rekreasyonel etkinliklerini gerçekleştirdikleri alanlardan en önemlisi ise Pelitözü Göleti ve yakın çevresidir. Pelitözü Göleti, Bilecik kentinin kuzeybatı kısmında, kent merkezine 7 km mesafede, doğal çam ormanları ile göletin buluştuğu bir doğa parçasıdır. Gölet çevresinde yörük çadırı, çay bahçeleri, çocuk oyun alanları, gözleme evi ve mangal yapılabilecek mekanlar, bisiklet kiralama, göl çevresi yürüyüş ve bisiklet parkuru, bisiklet kiralama ve göl içinde deniz bisikletleri ile gezilebilme imkanları mevcuttur. Ayrıca amfi, balık restorantı ve Bilecik Şeyh Edebali Üniversitesi Sosyal tesisleri de göl çevresinde kullanıcılara hizmet sunmaktadır. Fakat bu aktiviteler özellikle hafta sonlarında kullanıcı yoğunluğunu ve taleplerini karşılayamamaktadır. Bu doğrultuda yapılan çalışmada tarihi ve kültürel özellikleri ile dikkat çeken Bilecik kenti için yakın çevresinde kullanıcı odaklı sürdürülebilir rekreasyonel alan tasarımı önerisi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Oluşturulan öneri projesinde alan etüt çalışması ile mevcut yapı değerlendirilerek, yapılan SWOT analizi ile planlama önerileri geliştirilmiş, ihtiyaçlar doğrultusunda rekratif etkinliklere alternatifler oluşturularak mekansal organizasyonların tasarımı gerçekleştirilmiştir.Bilecik, has sloped landforms as the surface shape (topography). For this reason, the open-green areas in the city have been limited and the tendency for the residents to use the close environment of the city has increased for leisure time or activities for the physical and mental renovation. Pelitözü Pond and its close surroundings are the most important areas where the residents and visitors carry out their recreational activities. Pelitözü Pond, 7 km away from the city center, is an area in the northwest part of Bilecik city, where pine forests and the pond meet. This area has nomad tents, tea gardens, playgrounds, a pancake house, and places for a barbecue around the lake, a bicycle rent facility, a walking and cycling track, and a sightseeing opportunity with sea bikes. In addition, the amphitheater, fish restaurant, and Bilecik Şeyh Edebali University Social facility provide service to the users around the lake. However, these activities cannot meet the user density and demands, especially at the weekend. In this study, a user-oriented sustainable recreational area design was proposed for the city of Bilecik, which attracts attention with its historical and cultural features. In the proposed study, the existing structure was evaluated with the field study, the planning suggestions were developed with the SWOT analysis, and the design of the spatial organizations was realized by creating alternatives to the recreational activities according to the need

Estimation of Surface Roughness in Selective Laser Sintering Using Computational Models

This study presents a comprehensive experimental dataset and a novel classification model based on Deep Neural Networks to estimate surface roughness for additive manufacturing. Many problems exist due to the very complex nature of the production process. Some focus on the production planning phase, including the nesting problem under many constraints. However, it is not possible to solve the main function without a clear understanding of the nature of the constraints. The purpose of this research is to present a method to automate the surface roughness estimation process in the production planning phase. The significance of this study is to implement a data-driven model for one of the most critical decision constraints in the nesting process. Solving this problem will automate a key decision constraint, and it might be implemented as an automated constraint module in solving the nesting problem. The proposed model focused on selective laser sintering (SLS) technology based on polyamide 12 powder applications. A comprehensive dataset is designed to simulate the behaviour of an industrial SLS manufacturing process based on a 3D positioning strategy. A set of samples with random positions are also created to test present the model’s robustness. The proposed classification model is based on Deep Neural Networks (DNN) with hyper-parameters designed for the problem. The dataset and the model provide a new user interface to estimate the surface roughness depending on the coordinates of a given product surface in an SLS production chamber and the production parameters employed in the production planning phase. The results show that the model can classify sample surfaces as “rough” or “smooth” with a very high percentage (95.8%) for the training set and with 100% for the test set. Benchmark results also show that the model outperforms other machine learning methods in classifying the surface roughness successfully on the test set

Morphology of cranial sutures and radiologic evaluation of the variations of intersutural bones

Background: As far as our literature searches showed us, morphological characteristics of cranium such as sutures, sutural bones and fontanelles had been examined in the skulls in the museums and dry specimens until now. As a modern method, three-dimensional virtual reconstruction of cranial bones by using multidetector computed tomography-computed tomography angiography (MDCT-CTA) can display in vivo morphological characteristics. In our study, we aimed to determine the presence and incidence of these morphological characteristics that can be clinically significant in our population, by using radiologic methods. Materials and methods: We examined head and neck regions of 185 patients via MDCT-CTA. We evaluated radiologically detectable variations of the metopic sutures, lambda, bregma, asterion and pterion, which can be very easily confused with fractures. Additionally, the differences between the genders and incidence of coexistence of these variations were evaluated. Results: According to our study, the incidence of persistent metopic suture was 8.1% and the incidence of lambda variations was 5.9%. Variations were most commonly encountered on the left asterion, and least commonly on the bregma and left pterion. In the evaluation of the coexistence of the parameters and combinations, the Wormian bones located at the right and left asterions were detected. There were no statistically significant differences between genders. Conclusions: Variations of the sutures and sutural bones can be easily misdiagnosed with the fractures of related bony regions in unconscious patients with multiple traumas. During surgical interventions in these patients, surgeons must take this fact into consideration in order to make differential diagnosis of fractures and intersutural bone variations