A Very Rare Fracture: Isolated Fresh Lunate Fracture

Lunate fractures are rare and usually occur together with other fractures, dislocations, or ligament disruptions. We want to report an acute fresh isolated lunate fracture without additional ligamentous injury fixated with early surgical intervention. A 23-year-old right-hand-dominated male patient was admitted to our hospital after falling from 1.5-meter ladder over right hand’s palmar face. Standard radiographs diagnosed a displaced lunate fracture. In the intraoperative evaluation, it was observed that there was only lunate dislocation, and there was no ligament lesion or other carpal bone pathology. Fracture was fixed with a headless cannulated screw. Radiographs showed bony union at 6-week follow-up. There was no evidence for Kienböck’s disease 6 months after surgery. Case report regarding fresh isolated lunate fracture that results in clinical success with early intervention without developing avascular necrosis as in our report is extremely rare. In conclusion, satisfying results can be obtained in these patients with careful surgical intervention

Minimally invasive plate osteosynthesiswith the application of a superior anatomic locking plate; is it a suitable treatment approach for AO-OTA Type B clavicular midshaft fractures?

The minimally invasive osteosynthesis technique has gained attention in fracture treatment in recent years. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) technique, on clinical and radiological outcomes in the surgical treatment of AO-OTA Type B (wedge) clavicular midshaft fractures. This prospective study included twenty-three patients who were diagnosed with acute clavicular midshaft fracture where surgical intervention was indicatedand MIPO was performed between February 2014 and April 2016.Exclusion criteria were patients with non-displaced fractures, pathological fractures, open fractures, cases where theindex trauma was three weeks ago, or those with concomitant neurovascular injuries.The patients comprised of 16 males and 7 females with a mean age of 36.5 years (range, 18-65 years).The mean time from trauma to surgery was 6.1 days (range, 3-12 days).The mean follow-up period was 15.3 months (range: 12-18 months). The mean duration of surgery was 65.5 mins (range: 50-80 mins). Anatomic reduction was obtained in 11 (47%) patients, of whom 7 were Type B1, 4 were Type B2, and 1 was Type B3. The mean time to union was found to be 15.9 weeks (range: 10-24 weeks). After union was confirmed, the mean Constant Murley score was 83 (range: 68-92) and the mean UCLA score was 29.95 (range: 23-34). The mean proportional length difference in the clavicle was 0.32% (range:-0.55 to +1.63).There was no statistically significant difference for the Constant Murley score and UCLA score between patients with anatomic reduction achieved and not achieved (p=0.36, p=0.43 respectively). Osteosynthesis with a minimally invasive percutaneously applied plate (MIPO) could be a successful therapeutic option for the management of acute, displaced AO OTA Type B clavicular midshaft fractures. [Med-Science 2017; 6(4.000): 737-742

Idiopathic talipes equinovarus with preaxial polydactyly of the foot: a case report

The aim of this study is to report an unusual combination of congenital idiopathic talipes equinovarus with preaxial polydactyly of the foot. A newborn infant was brought to the polyclinic at the age of 1 week. In the right foot, preaxial polydactyly was seen in addition to the club foot deformity. The preaxial polydactyly of the patient was surgically excised. The sutures were then removed and a series of plaster casts were applied according to the Ponseti method Then a Dennis-Brown brace was applied with both feet. This case shows that combination of congenital idiopathic talipes equinovarus with preaxial polydactyly of the foot can be treated succesfully by apply the standard Ponseti method after the surgical excision of the polydactyly. [Med-Science 2017; 6(4.000): 767-770

Аугментація клювовидно-ключичної звязки при лікуванні перелому дистальної третини ключиці

The aim: type 2B clavicle fractures with conoid ligament rupture are considered unstable. Although surgical treatment is recommended as the standard treatment modality for type 2B fractures, there is no consensus about the type of operative treatment. We aimed to evaluate results of surgical treatment with an anatomical distal clavicle plate using CC ligament augmentation. Materials and methods: 15 patients that diagnosed with distal clavicle fractures, who underwent surgery for unstable type 2 fractures. The average patient age was 38 years (range 24–52 years). All patients were male; the right clavicle was injured in 10 patients whereas the left clavicle was injured in 5 cases. Surgical treatment was done with a distal clavicle anatomic locked plate augmentation (ZipTight™) at all cases. The mean follow-up period was 24 months (range, 12–40 months). Results: bony union was achieved at a mean follow-up of 8 weeks (range 6-10 weeks). The mean Constant score was 97 (range, 92–100). There were no complications or no need to second operation. All patients achieved satisfactory full range of shoulder motion. Hardware removal was performed for prominence in one case after the union was completed. Conclusion: the augmented technique reported here, provides early motion, increased stability and anatomic healing compared to other conventional options. We recommend augmentative CC ligament repair techniques over the distal locking anatomic plate for type 2 fracturesЦель: переломы ключицы типа 2В с разрывом коноидной связки считаются нестабильными. Хотя хирургическое лечение рекомендуется как стандартный способ лечения переломов типа 2B, единого мнения относительно типа оперативного лечения нет. Мы имели целью оценить результаты хирургического лечения анатомической дистальной пластины ключицы с использованием аугментации КК связки. Материалы и методы: 15 пациентов с диагнозом перелом дистальной части ключицы, которые прошли операцию из-за нестабильных переломов 2 типа. Хирургическое лечение во всех случаях проводилось с использованием анатомического блокировки пластины дистальной части ключицы (ZipTight™). Средний период наблюдения составил 24 месяца (диапазон - 12-40 месяцев). Результаты: сращивание костей было достигнуто при среднем наблюдении 8 недель (диапазон 6-10 недель). Средний показатель постоянной оценки составил 97 (диапазон 92-100). Осложнений или необходимости повторной операции не было. Выводы: техника аугментации, о которой сообщается здесь, обеспечивает более ранние движения, повышенную стабильность и ускоренное анатомическое заживления по сравнению с другими обычными вариантами.Мета: переломи ключиці типу 2В з розривом коноїдної зв’язки вважаються нестабільними. Хоча хірургічне лікування рекомендується як стандартний спосіб лікування переломів типу 2B, єдиної думки щодо типу оперативного лікування немає. Ми мали на меті оцінити результати хірургічного лікування анатомічної дистальної пластини ключиці з використанням аугментації КК зв’язок. Матеріали та методи: 15 пацієнтів з діагнозом перелом дистальної частини ключиці, які пройшли операцію з приводу нестабільних переломів 2 типу. Хірургічне лікування у всіх випадках проводилось з використанням анатомічного блокування пластини дистальної частини ключиці (ZipTight™). Середній період спостереження становив 24 місяці (діапазон - 12–40 місяців). Результати: зростання кісток було досягнуто при середньому спостереженні 8 тижнів (діапазон 6-10 тижнів). Середній показник постійної оцінки становив 97 (діапазон 92-100). Ускладнень або необхідності повторної операції не було. Висновки: техніка аугментації, про яку повідомляється тут, забезпечує більш ранні рухи, підвищену стабільність та прискорене анатомічне загоєння порівняно з іншими звичайними варіантами

Surgeon factor in pediatric supracondylar humerus fractures

The surgeon and the surgical approach of the clinic where the surgeon was trained may have an impact on perioperative outcomes. In this study, among the surgeons with similar surgical experiences, we aimed to investigate the association of open-closed reduction rates, postoperative sagittal, coronal and axial plan deformities, and preference of open surgical approaches to surgeons and the clinics they were trained. We evaluated 90 cases retrospectively who underwent surgery upon diagnosis of Gartland type 3 pediatric supracondylar humerus fractures associated with extension deformity. Those whose surgery was performed after 24 hours, or patients with open fractures, flexion type supracondylar fractures, non-Gartland type 3 supracondylar fractures, fractures with neurovascular deficits, multiple comminuted fractures, pathologic fractures, or additional injury and fractures were not included to the study. All the surgeons who had >5 years of surgical experience as a specialist and >15 of pediatric elbow fracture surgery as an operator (n=12) were numbered between 1 and 12. The clinics of these surgeons were classified from A to F (n=6). Data on patients age, gender, duration of surgery, follow-up time, postoperative sagittal, coronal angulation, postoperative rotational deformity, operation time, rates of open-closed surgery, the surgical approach in those open surgery was performed, the number and characteristics of the pins used were collected to analyze in relation with their assigned surgeons and the clinics they were trained. Among the 90 cases, 54 (59.3%) were male patients. The mean age was 6.21 ± 3.03 years. There was no significant difference between the clinics in terms of sagittal and rotational deformities and open reduction rates (p>0.05). The clinics significantly differed in preference of the side of incisions (medial, lateral, posterior), (p [Med-Science 2020; 9(1.000): 103-8

Clinical and radiological results of radial shortening osteotomy, and proximal row carpectomy in Kienbocks Disease

In this prospective study, we aimed to evaluate the clinical and radiological results of our patients treated with radial shortening osteotomy (RSO) and proximal row carpectomy (PRC) together with a short review of the literature. The study included 35 patients with the diagnosis of Kienbock disease RSO was performed for 17 patients and 18 patients underwent PRC. 15 of the patients had Lichtman Stage 2, 14 patients had Stage 3A and 6 patients had Stage 3B disease. Q-DASH Score, Preoperative and postoperative carpal height ratio (CHR), revised CHR, stahl index, radial inclination values were noted. Preoperative and postoperative flexion-extension range of Motion (ROM) and ulnar deviation angles were also obtained. Nakamuras clinical evaluation system was performed to each patient. Results of clinical evaluation revealed significant progression at postoperative sixth month follow-up. Our results showed clinical improvement following surgeries of both RSO and PRC for Lichtman Stage 2, 3a and 3b disease. We consider that experience and technical familiarity of the surgeon is key factor to decide the type of the procedure to be performed. [Med-Science 2017; 6(3.000): 526-30

Effects of simple section of transverse carpal ligament on intercarpal stability in carpal tunnel surgery

The aim was to evaluate effects of simple section of transverse carpal ligament on intercarpal stability by radiological parameters in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome those are refractory to conservative treatment. Patients with suspected diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome upon medical history and physical examination underwent neurodiagnostic tests (EMG). All 47 subjects, comprising 39 female and 8 male patients, were operated, followed, and assessed by the same surgical team between January 2014 and May 2015 after written informed consent was obtained. Wrist range of motion and general physical examination findings were recorded at both preoperatively and postoperative week 8. Besides, conventional MRI were obtained at the same time points. Trapeziohamate distance, scaphopisiform distance, scapholunate angle, and carpal angle were measured preoperatively and at 12thweek postoperatively. The mean age of the subjects was 49(range: 36-65).Mean preoperative trapeziohamate distance was measured as 25.2 mm (range:20-33), while postoperative trapeziohamate distance was 26.4 mm (range:22-34), (p=0.031). Mean preoperative scaphopisiform distance was 32 mm (range:23-34), as compared to postoperative scaphopisiform distance being 33.6 mm (range:24- 36) (p=0.001). While mean scapholunate angle was 44°(range: 36-60) preoperatively, it was measured as 45.1° (range: 33-60) in the postoperative period (p=0.001). Both preoperative and postoperative mean carpal angles was 127° (range 118-134 and 119-134, respectively). Simple section of transverse carpal ligament is associated with a significant increase in carpal arch distance. We consider that whether or not increases in intercarpal distances may lead to a degenerative process at the wrist in future warrants further research. [Med-Science 2017; 6(3.000): 410-4

Fluoroscopy improves femoral stem placement in cementless total hip arthroplasty

Fluoroscopy is routinely used in trauma cases to evaluate alignment and reduction quality. Because conventional templating has a high mismatch rate, we sought to explore whether we could use intraoperative fluoroscopy while implanting the femoral stem. Sixty patients with Croft 3-4 coxarthrosis were included in this study. No preoperative templating was performed in either of the two groups. The final conformations of the stem sizes and positions were achieved freehand intraoperatively using anatomic landmarks. In the second group, after surgeons intraoperatively agreed on the final stem size, C-arm fluoroscopy images are obtained with the last rasp size before the stem implantation. The alignment of femoral stem according to the femoral canal, the lower leg discrepancy (LLD) and the lateral offsets were evaluated with X ray. The stem/endosteal areas at 2 cm above the trochanter minor (T+2) and 2 cm below the trochanter minor (T-2) and the deviation of the stem tip from the center of the femoral canal were evaluated in CT images. The stems that were implanted under fluoroscopic control filled the medullary cavity better at both the T+2 and T-2 levels. On fluoroscopy, in the control group, the malpositioning of the femoral stems were less, the centralizations were better, and the restorations of the lateral offset and LLD were more accurate. The use of fluoroscopy while rasping the femoral canal leads to proper alignment and press fitting of the stem and provides the opportunity to intraoperatively correct malpositionings of the stem. [Med-Science 2017; 6(2.000): 264-9

Lower numbers of mechanoreceptors in the posterior cruciate ligament and anterior capsule of the osteoarthritic knees

WOS: 000411176000022PubMed ID: 27338958Impaired proprioception accuracy of the knee has been proposed as a local factor in the onset and progression of knee osteoarthritis. Patients with decreased numbers of mechanoreceptors could be more likely to develop arthrosis due to a loss in proprioception of the joint. We aimed to identify and quantify the mechanoreceptors of the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL), the anterior capsule (AC) and the medial meniscocapsular junction (MCJ) in knee arthrosis. PCLs, ACs and MCJs were harvested from 30 patients with Kellgren and Lawrence grades 3 and 4 osteoarthritis (OA), and ten knees taken from five cadavers without OA were used as a control group. PCL degeneration was evaluated with haematoxylin & eosin, and the types and numbers of mechanoreceptors were evaluated using S100 immunostaining. The patient ages in the OA and control groups (n.s.) did not differ. PCL degeneration was more severe in the gonarthrosis group than in the control group (p = 0.04). The numbers of Golgi corpuscles, Ruffini corpuscles, free nerve endings, total nerve endings and small vessels of the PCL were low in the OA group, as were the numbers of Golgi corpuscles, free nerve endings and total nerve endings of the AC. No significant correlation was found regarding the mechanoreceptors of the MCJ between the two groups. The numbers of mechanoreceptors in patients with OA were low in the PCLs and ACs. A loss in proprioception could be a local risk factor in OA. The proprioceptive impact of preserving PCL while performing total knee arthroplasty may not be exaggerated as its thought. Prognostic study, Level I

Risk factors for mortality in delayed intertrochanteric fractures

We aimed to figured out the risk factors of one year mortality in intertrochanteric hip fractures with delayed operation more than 72 hours. 96 out of 226 patients with proximal femoral fracture included in this study. Hemogram, blood urine nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, sodium, potassium and serum albumin levels are recorded from their blood test at administration of hospital. Time to theatre and postoperative needs for intensive care are recorded. Mobility functions before fracture and after 3 months of operation are assessed by mobility part of Barthel index. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate the simultaneous effects of important covariates. In univariate model, age(p=0.0027), ASA(p=0.00), loss of mobility(p=0.00), bone union time(p=0.001), blood transfusion(p=0.026), albumin(p=0.004) and mobility after operation (p=0.001) were associated with mortality but in the final model for multivariate regression analysis loss of mobility level (p=0.001) and bone union time (p=0.02) were found to be independent risk factors of mortality. In postoperative period mobilization is the most important variable that we could changed in intertrochanteric fractures to decrease mortality. Whatever the timing of operation, gaining the mobility as soon as possible should be the goal of our treatment. [Med-Science 2017; 6(3.000): 521-5