47 research outputs found
Burnout in Palliative Care Nurses, Prevalence and Risk Factors: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis
Palliative care nurses are exposed to hard situations, death, and duel feelings in their daily
practice. These, and other work stressors, can favor burnout development. Thus, it is important to
analyze the prevalence and risk factors of burnout in palliative care nurses and estimate its prevalence.
A systematic review and meta-analysis was done with quantitative primary studies. n = 15 studies
were included with n = 6 studies including information for the meta-analysis. The meta-analytic
prevalence estimation of emotional exhaustion was 24% (95% CI 16–34%), for depersonalization
was 30% (95% CI 18–44%) and for low personal accomplishment was 28% with a sample of n = 693
palliative care nurses. The main variables related with burnout are occupational variables followed
by psychological variables. Some interventions to improve working conditions of palliative care
nurses should be implemented to reduce burnout
Prevalence of Depression and Related Factors among Patients with Chronic Disease during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
The management of chronic diseases in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic is especially
challenging, and reducing potential psychological harm is essential. This review aims to determine
the prevalence of depression during the COVID-19 pandemic in patients with chronic disease, and
to characterize the impacts of related factors. A systematic review was conducted in accordance
with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.
The meta-analysis was performed using StatsDirect software. The review identified 33 articles with
a total of 50,905 patients with chronic diseases. Four meta-analyses were performed to estimate
the prevalence of depression. In diabetic patients, the prevalence ranged from 17% (95% CI = 7–31)
(PHQ-9) to 33% (95% CI = 16–51) (PHQ-8); in obese patients, the prevalence was 48% (95% CI = 26–71);
and in hypertensive patients, the prevalence was 18% (95% CI = 13–24). The factors significantly
associated with depression were female sex, being single, deterioration in the clinical parameters
of diabetes, a decrease in self-care behavior, reduced physical activity and sleep time and fear of
contagion. The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly increased levels of depression among persons
with chronic disease. Pandemics and other emergency events have a major impact on mental health,
so early psychological interventions and health management policies are needed to reinforce chronic
patients’ physical and mental health
Hand Hygiene Teaching Strategies among Nursing Staff: A Systematic Review
Background: Patient safety is a priority of any healthcare system, and one of the most
effective measures is hand hygiene. For this, it is important that health staff have correct adherence and
perform the technique properly. Otherwise, the incidence of nosocomial infections can increase, with
consequent complications. The aim here was to analyze hand hygiene training and the effectiveness
of different methods and educational strategies among nurses and whether they maintained correct
adherence over time. Results: n = 17
clinical trials were included, with a total of 5747 nurses and nursing students. Strategies such as
reminder sounds, practical simulations, videos, and audiovisual media improved handwashing
compliance. Adherence overtime increased by up to 60%. The greatest effectiveness was related to the
use of povidone–iodine, which reduced colony formation compared Hand hygiene teaching strategies
among nursing staff: a systematic review to soap. Conclusions: The strategies that go beyond teaching
techniques such as lectures may be more effective at increasing hand hygiene compliance. Combined
approaches to learning/instruction improve user satisfaction by enabling self-management, flexibility,
and repetition
Prevalence of Depression in Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) might adversely affect the health status of
the patients, producing cognitive deterioration, with depression being the most common symptom.
The aim of this study is to analyse the prevalence of depression in patients before and after coronary
artery bypass surgery. A systematic review and meta-analysis was carried out, involving a study
of the past 10 years of the following databases: CINAHL, LILACS, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, SciELO,
Scopus, and Web of Science. The total sample comprised n = 16,501 patients. The total number of
items was n = 65, with n = 29 included in the meta-analysis. Based on the different measurement tools
used, the prevalence of depression pre-CABG ranges from 19–37%, and post-CABG from 15–33%.
There is a considerable presence of depression in this type of patient, but this varies according to the
measurement tool used and the quality of the study. Systematically detecting depression prior to
cardiac surgery could identify patients at potential risk.The results reported in the study are from the doctoral thesis of Moath Abu Ejheisheh and belong to the Clinical Medicine and Health Public Programme (B 12.56.1) of the University of Granada, Spain
Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses of Aminopeptidases as Prognostic Biomarkers in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease characterized by
the progressive loss of motor neurons in the spinal cord, brain stem, and cerebral cortex. Biomarkers
for ALS are essential for disease detection and to provide information on potential therapeutic
targets. Aminopeptidases catalyze the cleavage of amino acids from the amino terminus of protein or
substrates such as neuropeptides. Since certain aminopeptidases are known to increase the risk of
neurodegeneration, such mechanisms may reveal new targets to determine their association with
ALS risk and their interest as a diagnostic biomarker. The authors performed a systematic review and
meta-analyses of genome-wide association studies (GWASs) to identify reported aminopeptidases
genetic loci associated with the risk of ALS. PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, ISI Web of Science, ProQuest,
LILACS, and Cochrane databases were searched to retrieve eligible studies in English or Spanish,
published up to 27 January 2023. A total of 16 studies were included in this systematic review, where
a series of aminopeptidases could be related to ALS and could be promising biomarkers (DPP1,
DPP2, DPP4, LeuAP, pGluAP, and PSA/NPEPPS). The literature reported the association of singlenucleotide
polymorphisms (SNPs: rs10260404 and rs17174381) with the risk of ALS. The genetic
variation rs10260404 in the DPP6 gene was identified to be highly associated with ALS susceptibility,
but meta-analyses of genotypes in five studies in a matched cohort of different ancestry (1873 cases
and 1861 control subjects) showed no ALS risk association. Meta-analyses of eight studies for minor
allele frequency (MAF) also found no ALS association for the “C” allele. The systematic review
identified aminopeptidases as possible biomarkers. However, the meta-analyses for rs1060404 of
DPP6 do not show a risk associated with ALS.PPJIA2022.09, “Plan Propio de Investigación
y Transferencia de la Universidad de Granada2022: Programa 20Proyectos de Investigación Precompetitivos para Jóvenes Investigadores. Modalidad 20.aProyectos para jóvenes doctores”
corresponding to the year 2022 with reference no. 11 (File no. 1586950)University of Granada
(Spain). Accepted: 23 December 202
Realive (2016): from cellular to human cryopreservation. Myth and reality for teacher training in the area of health sciences
There is a growing thought of delaying the progression of a terminal illness by cryopreservation of the bodies of patients. Faced with the fear of dying from diseases, they are confident that in the future they will be able to be revived and treated with novel therapies that will lead to the cure and elimination of the pathology. Although it seems science fiction, the reality is that it is already being carried out with cellular organisms for the conservation of species and against diseases that alter reproduction. However, when it comes to embryos, the ethical committees do not yet have a defined strategy. For this reason, this work tries to focus on an interrelation between teachers and students for the discussion and reflection of the cryopreservation of patients, showing the latest advances and reports on this aspect.Existe un creciente pensamiento de postergar el avance de una enfermedad terminal mediante la criopreservaciĂłn de los cuerpos de los pacientes. Ante el miedo a morir de enfermedades se confĂan que en el futuro podrán ser reanimados y tratados con novedosas terapias que le supondrán la cura y eliminaciĂłn de la patologĂa. Aunque parezca ciencia ficciĂłn la realidad es que ya se está realizando con organismos celulares para la conservaciĂłn de especies y ante enfermedades que alteran la reproducciĂłn. Sin embargo, cuando se trata de embriones los comitĂ©s Ă©ticos no tienen todavĂa una estrategia definida. Por esa razĂłn, este trabajo intenta enfocar una interrelaciĂłn entre profesorado y alumnado para la discusiĂłn y reflexiĂłn de la criopreservaciĂłn de pacientes, mostrando los Ăşltimos avances e informes sobre este aspecto
Evaluation of Convergent, Discriminant, and Criterion Validity of the Cuestionario Burnout Granada-University Students
Supplementary Materials: The following supporting information can be downloaded at:
https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/math11153315/s1.Burnout is a health problem that affects professionals and students or professionals in training, especially those in health areas. For this reason, it is necessary that it is properly identified to prevent the impact it can have on the work and personal areas of the people who suffer from it. The aim of this work is to study the convergent, discriminant, and criterion validity of the Cuestionario Burnout Granada-University Students. The sample consisted of 463 undergraduate nursing students, selected by non-probabilistic convenience sampling, who participated voluntarily and anonymously in the study. The mean age of the participants was 21.9 (5.12) years, mostly female (74.1%), single (95.8%), and childless (95.6%). Information was collected face-to-face, and the instruments were completed on paper. Comparisons were made in the three dimensions of burnout of the CBG-USS between students with and without burnout, finding statistically significant differences in all three dimensions: Emotional Exhaustion (p < 0.001, d = 0.674), Cynicism (p < 0.001, d = 0.479), and Academic Efficacy (p < 0.001, d = -0.607). The Cuestionario Burnout Granada-University Students presents adequate reliability and validity indices, which demonstrates its usefulness in the identification of burnout. This syndrome has traditionally been measured in professionals, but students also present burnout, so it is necessary to have specific burnout instruments for students, since the pre-work situation and stressors of students are different from those of workers. In order to work on the prevention of university burnout, it is essential to have specific instruments for professionals in training that help in the detection of students with burnout.FEDER/Consejera de Universidad, InvestigaciĂłn e InovaciĂłn de la Junta de AndalucĂa
P20-0063
Smartphones and Apps to Control Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) Level in Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic endocrine-metabolic disease, the evolution of
which is closely related to people’s self-control of glycemic levels through nutrition, exercise, and
medicines. Aim: To determine whether smartphone apps can help persons with diabetes to improve
their % levels of glycosylated hemoglobin. Method: A systematic review and meta-analysis were
done. ProQuest, Pubmed/Medline, and Scopus databases were used. The search equation used
was “(Prevention and Control) AND Diabetes Mellitus AND Smartphones”. The inclusion criteria
applied were clinical trials, conducted in 2014–2019. Results: n = 18 studies were included in the
review. The studies tried different applications to monitor glycemia and support patients to improve
glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels. More than half of the studies found statistically significant
differences in HbA1c in the intervention group compared with the control group. Eleven studies
were included in the meta-analysis and the study sample was n = 545 for the experimental group and
n = 454 for the control group. The meta-analytic estimation of the HbA1c % level means differences
between intervention and control group was statistically significant in favour of the intervention
group with a mean difference of –0.37 (–0.58, –0.15. 95% confidence interval). Conclusion: Smartphone
apps can help people with diabetes to improve their level of HbA1c, but the clinical impact is low
Prevalence of Depression in Retirees: A Meta-Analysis
Background: Retirement is a final life stage characterized by the ceasing of work and the loss of a routine, social relations, role, status, accomplishments, and aspirations, etc. Many times it is accompanied by negative feelings and can provoke different psychoemotional reactions such as depression, among others. The aim of this study is to analyze the prevalence of depression, as well as its psychoeducational approach in retirees. Methods: A paired systematic review with meta-analysis was conducted in different databases-Medline, Scopus, CUIDEN, CINAHL, LILACS and PsycINFO. Original studies were included in English, Spanish and French that were published in the last 10 years, and which approached depression in retirees. Results: A total of 11 articles were selected after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. The mean value of the prevalence levels of depression in retirees obtained in the meta-analysis was 28%. Depression is more frequent in retirees, with mandatory retirement, retirement due to illness, and anticipated retirement presenting higher levels of this disease. The health role in the psychoeducational approach is highlighted in 41.6% (n = 5). Conclusions: With almost one-third of retirees suffering from depression, it is necessary to implement prevention and early detection measures to approach a public health problem
Explanatory Models of Burnout Diagnosis Based on Personality Factors in Primary Care Nurses
Burnout in the primary care service takes place when there is a high level of interaction
between nurses and patients. Explanatory models based on psychological and personality related
variables provide an approximation to level changes in the three dimensions of the burnout syndrome.
A categorical-response ordinal logistic regression model, based on a quantitative, crosscutting,
multicentre, descriptive study with 242 primary care nurses in the Andalusian Health Service in
Granada (Spain) is performed for each dimension. The three models included all the variables
related to personality. The risk factor friendliness was significant at population level for the three
dimensions, whilst openness was never significant. Neuroticism was significant in the models related
to emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, whilst responsibility was significant for the models
referred to depersonalization and personal accomplishment dimensions. Finally, extraversion was
also significant in the emotional exhaustion and personal accomplishment dimensions. The analysis
performed provides useful information, making more readily the diagnosis and evolution of the
burnout syndrome in this collective.Junta de Andalucia P20_0062