141 research outputs found
Π‘ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π°ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ ΠΠ‘ΠΠ’-Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΎΡΠΌΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΈ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ
Introduction: The growing importance of the MSCT method in the case of acute massive pulmonary embolism forms new diagnostic directions Β β the determination of objective MSCT markers of right ventricular dysfunction and the search for new, previously ignored, MSCT parameters of angiographic severity of embolic load.The purpose of the study: to evaluate the prognostic role and predictivity of the results of MSCT angiopulmonography in the case of choosing a surgical method for the treatment of pulmonary embolism.Research objectives. Π’o analyze the influence of the volume of preserved peripheral arterial pulmonary blood flow on the results of surgical treatment of acute massive PE and the dependence of the average pressure in the pulmonary artery on the MSCT parameters.Materials and methods: this work examines the surgical approach to the treatment and possibilities of preoperative MSCT diagnosis of acute massive pulmonary embolism. The 7-year analysis included the analysis of more than 1,200 MSCT studies for acute massive pulmonary embolism. 147 patients were selected for surgical treatment and successfully operated on, the remaining patients received conservative therapy with dynamic MSCT observation. According to international classifiers, the analysis of classes and categories of intraoperative and postoperative complications of emergency surgical treatment was performed in comparison with the initial MSCT parameters of acute massive PE.Results. The smaller the number of segmental branches of the pulmonary artery is determined at the preoperative stage, the higher the risks of mortality and complications of emergency surgical treatment of acute massive PE (p<0,001). A direct relationship between the average pressure in the pulmonary artery and the MSCT parameter-the diameter of the unpaired vein (p<0,001) was confirmed. An increase in the number of visualized bronchial arteries corresponds to an increase in the average pressure in the pulmonary artery (p<0,05).Discussion. The lightning speed of the course of pulmonary embolism dictates an exceptional approach to the completeness of the diagnosis of the disease, and the change in treatment tactics due to the increasing demand for surgical methods of treatment changes the diagnostic approach to acute pulmonary embolism in general. The success of surgical treatment of PE directly depends on the completeness and speed of preoperative MSCT diagnostics, in particular, on the quality of analysis of intra-pulmonary and intracardiac hemodynamics.Conclusion: For acute massive PE with obstruction at the level of the trunk and / or main branches of the pulmonary artery, with a sharp and often uncontrolled progression of right ventricular failure, risk stratification in Β«real timeΒ» becomes the most relevant, the time factor becomes of paramount importance for determining treatment tactics. The inclusion of previously ignored MSCT parameters in the algorithm of preoperative diagnosis allows us to modify the algorithm of preoperative diagnosis, to form and introduce the concept of the reference MSCT status of a patient with acute massive PE.Β ΠΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. Π ΠΎΡΡ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΠ‘ΠΠ’ Π² ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅ ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΌΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΈ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ β ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΠ‘ΠΠ’-ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΈΡΠΊ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
, ΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π΅ Π½Π΅ ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ
, ΠΠ‘ΠΠ’-ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² Π°Π½Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΌΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°Π³ΡΡΠ·ΠΊΠΈ.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ: ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ»Ρ ΠΈ Β ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΠ‘ΠΠ’-Π°Π½Π³ΠΈΠΎΠΏΡΠ»ΡΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² Β ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅ Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ° Ρ
ΠΈΡΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΌΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΈ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ.Β ΠΠ°Π΄Π°ΡΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ: ΠΏΡΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° ΡΠΎΡ
ΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΠ° Π½Π° ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ Ρ
ΠΈΡΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π’ΠΠΠ ΠΈ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π΄Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² Π»Π΅Π³ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΡ ΠΠ‘ΠΠ’-ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ².ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ Β ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ° ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ Ρ
ΠΈΡΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΊ Β Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ Β Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΠΌ Π΄ΠΎΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΠ‘ΠΠ’-Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΎΡΠΌΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΈ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ. 7-Π»Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ» Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ 1200 ΠΠ‘ΠΠ’ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΎΡΠΌΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΈ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ° Ρ
ΠΈΡΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ 147 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ², ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡ Ρ Β Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΠ‘ΠΠ’-Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ. Π‘ΠΎΠ³Π»Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌ Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Β ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ°ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈ Β ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ
ΠΈΡΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΠ‘ΠΠ’-ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π’ΠΠΠ.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. Π§Π΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π²Π΅ΡΠ²Π΅ΠΉ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π° Π΄ΠΎΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠ°ΠΏΠ΅, ΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π²ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΈ Π»Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ
ΠΈΡΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π’ΠΠΠ (p<0,001). ΠΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π° ΠΏΡΡΠΌΠ°Ρ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΠ²ΡΠ·Ρ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π΄Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² Π»Π΅Π³ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΠ‘ΠΠ’-ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ° β Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ Π½Π΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π²Π΅Π½Ρ (p<0,001). Π£Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° Π²ΠΈΠ·ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π±ΡΠΎΠ½Ρ
ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π΄Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² Π»Π΅Π³ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ (p<0,05).ΠΠ±ΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΌΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΈ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠΊΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΠ΅ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, Π° ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π±Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π·Π° ΡΡΠ΅Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π²ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Ρ
ΠΈΡΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅Ρ Π² ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΊ ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΌΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΈ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ. Π£ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ
Ρ
ΠΈΡΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π’ΠΠΠ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΡΠΌΡΡ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ ΠΈ Π±ΡΡΡΡΠΎΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΠ‘ΠΠ’-Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ, Π² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠΈΠ»Π΅Π³ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π³Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ.ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π’ΠΠΠ Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Π½Π° ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»Π° ΠΈ/ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½ΡΡ
Π²Π΅ΡΠ²Π΅ΠΉ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ, Ρ ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠ² Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅ Β«ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΒ» ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π°ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ, Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΌ Π΄ΠΎΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π΅ Π½Π΅ ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΠΠ‘ΠΠ’-ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΌ Π΄ΠΎΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΈ Π²Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΠ‘ΠΠ’-ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ° ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° Ρ ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π’ΠΠΠ
ΠΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΡΠ·ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄ΡΠ° Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΎΡΠΌΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΠ’-Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ
The study group included 147 patients at the stage of preparation for emergency surgical treatment of acute massive PE in the period from March 2012 to December 2019 inclusive. As CT indicators of overload of the right chambers of the heart, the usual CT indicators that do not require the use of expert β class computed tomographs were taken β they were the superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, unpaired vein; reflux of the contrast drug into the inferior vena cava; reflux of the contrast drug into the hepatic veins. In the course of the study, a comparative analysis of the average pressure in the pulmonary artery with the above CT indicators was performed. The most stable statistical relationship with the indicators of mean pressure in the pulmonary artery was demonstrated by CT parameters β the diameter of the unpaired vein and the reflux of the contrast agent into the hepatic veins. Based on the results of the work, a method for calculating the actual values of the average pressure in the pulmonary artery based on the CT parameter of the diameter of the unpaired vein is proposed.Π Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎ 147 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΡΡΠ°ΠΏΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ ΠΊ ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ Ρ
ΠΈΡΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΎΡΠΌΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΈ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ (Π’ΠΠΠ) Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠ° 2012 Π³. ΠΏΠΎ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ°Π±ΡΡ 2019 Π³. Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ. Π ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΠ’-ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΡΠ·ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄ΡΠ° Π²Π·ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΠ’-ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ, Π½Π΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ°, ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ Π²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Ρ Π²Π΅Π½Π°, Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ½ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Ρ Π²Π΅Π½Π°, Π½Π΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π²Π΅Π½Π°; ΡΠ΅ΡΠ»ΡΠΊΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ° Π² Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ½ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡ Π²Π΅Π½Ρ; ΡΠ΅ΡΠ»ΡΠΊΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ° Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π²Π΅Π½Ρ. Π Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π΄Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² Π»Π΅Π³ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ Ρ Π²ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΠ’-ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ. ΠΠ°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΠ²ΡΠ·Ρ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π΄Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² Π»Π΅Π³ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΠ’-ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡ β Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ Π½Π΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π²Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ»ΡΠΊΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ° Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π²Π΅Π½Ρ. ΠΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π΄Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² Π»Π΅Π³ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΠ’-ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ° βΠ΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ Π½Π΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π²Π΅Π½Ρβ
ΠΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ·Π½ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ»ΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π²Π΅ΡΡ Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ (Π±ΡΡΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π·Π°Π±ΡΡΡΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ)
Introduction. Continuous improvement and increased availability of high-tech research methods, such as computed X-ray tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with contrast enhancement, qualitatively change the diagnostic search for combined vascular pathology, including when conducting studies of other organs and systems, even in the absence of any clinical manifestations.The purpose of the study: to evaluate the possibilities and determine the indications for CT diagnosis of arteriovenous conflicts of the abdominal cavity, retroperitoneal space.Research objectives: to determine CT parameters and the algorithm of CT analysis of upper-level arteriovenous conflicts in modern radiation and urological aspects.Materials and methods. The study included 34 patients with arteriovenous conflicts of the abdominal cavity and retroperitoneal space detected by computer X-ray tomography. The average age of patients is 39Β±11.0 years; the number of male patients isΒ 19Β (55.9%), femaleΒ β 15 (44.1%). Childrenβs patients accounted for 23.5% (8 people; average age 11Β±7 years). The preoperative diagnostic algorithm included a clinical examination, ultrasound diagnostics, a comprehensive study of laboratory parameters, CT-arterio/venography.The results of the study. Among the upperβlevel arteriovenous conflicts, superior mesenteric artery syndrome prevailedΒ β it was observed in 23 patients (67.6%), of which aortomesenteric duodenal compression (Wilkie syndrome) was detected in 12Β patients (52.2%); aortomesenteric venous compression (Nutcracker syndrome)Β β in 11 patients (47.8%). Among childrenβs patients, aortomesenteric tweezers prevailed (5 patientsΒ β 62.5%). A combination of upper-level syndromes was detected in 6Β patients (17.6%). Compression syndrome of the left renal vein (aortovertebral venous compression, posterior nutcracker syndrome), or Nutcracker syndrome was detected in 11 patients (32.4%), which in all cases (100%) was a Β«random findingΒ» of CTΒ diagnostics.Conclusions. It is recommended to perform CT-, MR-studies with contrast enhancement (in angiography mode) in patients with a suspected diagnosis of arteriovenous conflict with the expansion of the scanning zone to the level of the abdominal cavity, retroperitoneal space and pelvis in order to exclude combined multi-level vascular pathology. Mandatory for radiation analysis are the magnitude of the aortomesenteric angle, the magnitude of the aortomesenteric distance for the left renal artery, the magnitude of the aortovertebral distance for the left renal artery, the magnitude of the aortomesenteric distance for the duodenum; analysis of concomitant variant vascular pathology at the levels studied.Β ΠΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΒ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΡΠΏΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ (ΠΠ’) ΠΈΒ ΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ (ΠΠ Π’) ΡΒ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΡΠΈΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ, ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΈΡΠΊ ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ, Π²Β ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΒ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ
-Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ: ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΒ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΒ ΠΠ’-Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅ Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ·Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ»ΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π±ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, Π·Π°Π±ΡΡΡΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ²Π°.ΠΠ°Π΄Π°ΡΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ: ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΠ’-ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΈΒ Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΌ ΠΠ’-Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ·Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ»ΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ Π²Β ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΡΡ
ΠΈΒ ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π°ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°Ρ
.ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈΒ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΒ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈ 34 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° ΡΒ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ·Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ»ΠΈΠΊΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π±ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, Π·Π°Π±ΡΡΡΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ²Π°. Π‘ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² 39Β±11,0Β Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°; ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΌΡΠΆΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Β β 19 (55,9%), ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Β β 15 (44,1%). ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΡ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ° ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ 23,5% (8 ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊ; ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡ 11Β±7Β Π»Π΅Ρ). ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΌ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π» ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΡΡ, ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ°Π·Π²ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΡ, ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ, ΠΠ’-Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎ/Π²Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. Π‘ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ·Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ»ΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π» ΡΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΎΠΌ Π²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½Π΅ΠΉ Π±ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈΒ β Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΡ ΡΒ 23 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² (67,6%), ΠΈΠ·Β Π½ΠΈΡ
Π°ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π·Π΅Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ Π΄Π²Π΅Π½Π°Π΄ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠΊΠΈ (ΡΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΎΠΌ Π£ΠΈΠ»ΠΊΠΈ) Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π° ΡΒ 12 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² (52,2%); Π°ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π·Π΅Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π²Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ (ΡΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΎΠΌ Π©Π΅Π»ΠΊΡΠ½ΡΠΈΠΊΠ°)Β β ΡΒ 11 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² (47,8%). Π‘ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π» Π°ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π·Π΅Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Ρ (5 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ²Β β 62,5%). Π‘ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ² Π²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΡΒ 6 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² (17,6%). Π‘ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΄Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π²Π΅Π½Ρ (Π°ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π²Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ, posterior nutcracker syndrome), ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΎΠΌ Π©Π΅Π»ΠΊΡΠ½ΡΠΈΠΊΠ° Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ ΡΒ 11 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² (32,4%), ΡΡΠΎ Π²ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ
(100%) ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΎ Β«ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠΎΠΉΒ» ΠΠ’-Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ.ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. Π Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΠ’-, ΠΠ -ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΡΠΈΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ (Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅ Π°Π½Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ) ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌ Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠΌ Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ»ΠΈΠΊΡΠ° Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π·ΠΎΠ½Ρ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄ΠΎ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ Π±ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, Π·Π°Π±ΡΡΡΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π° Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ±ΡΠ·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π° Π°ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π·Π΅Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ³Π»Π°, Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π° Π°ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π·Π΅Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ, Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π° Π°ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ, Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π° Π°ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π·Π΅Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ Π΄Π²Π΅Π½Π°Π΄ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΡΠΎΠΏΡΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΡ
.
Comparative assessment of the diagnostic value of echocardiography and magnetic resonance imaging in determining myocardial viability
Aim. To compare myocardial imaging methods in patients with complicated coronary artery disease with significantly decreased myocardial contractility.Material and methods. This single-center retrospective study included 109 patients with complicated coronary artery disease who underwent surgical treatment between 2014 and 2020. All patients had indications for delayed contrast-enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in order to determine myocardial viability due to a pronounced decrease in left ventricular contractility according to echocardiography (ejection fraction (EF) β€30%).Results. Impairment of local contractility according to MRI and echocardiography significantly correlates with depth of contrast accumulation (p=0,0000000018 and p=0,0000034, respectively). Delayed contrast-enhanced cardiac MRI with cine sequences allows to determine higher number of impaired contractility cases compared with echocardiography (p=0,000006).Conclusion. MRI with cine sequence allowed to determine higher number of impaired contractility cases compared with echocardiography. Delayed contrastenhanced MRI is a reliably more sensitive method than electrocardiography in detecting left ventricular scarring. The depth of contrast agent accumulation correlates with local contractility impairment detected by echocardiography and delayed contrast-enhanced cardiac MRI
Scientific, institutional and personal rivalries among Soviet geographers in the late Stalin era
Scientific, institutional and personal rivalries between three key centres of geographical research and scholarship (the Academy of Sciences Institute of Geography and the Faculties of Geography at Moscow and Leningrad State Universities) are surveyed for the period from 1945 to the early 1950s. It is argued that the debates and rivalries between members of the three institutions appear to have been motivated by a variety of scientific, ideological, institutional and personal factors, but that genuine scientific disagreements were at least as important as political and ideological factors in influencing the course of the debates and in determining their final outcome
Π€Π°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΡ, ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΡΠ±Π΅ΡΠΊΡΠ»Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΌ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΈΡ , ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ
The problem of lowering adherence to therapy in lung tuberculosis patients and abilities to enhance motivation to for treatment has not been highlighted in literature. The aim of this study was to investigate factors influencing the adherence to treatment in tuberculosis patients and abilities to enhance their motivation for treatment. A total sample of 72 inpatients with infiltrative and firbocavernous lung tuberculosis were involved. They were residents of Samara region aged 22 to 56 yrs. To investigate factors reducing adherence to therapy a special questionnaire consisting of 34 points has been created proposed by Samara military medical university. Statistic analysis was performed using SPSS programme, version 12.0. As a result, the most common factors reducing adherence to therapy in lung tuberculosis patients were adverse effects of antituberculosis drugs, financial problems, complications of the disease and fear of their appearance, painfulness of treatment procedures, tiredness of long treatment period and of hospital environment. To overcome the fear education of the patients is necessary. To reduce the emotional component and painfulness of some treatment procedures, manual and audiomethods could be helpful. Effective therapy, confidence in the attendant physician and full information of the disease could enhance motivation to treatment.ΠΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡ ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ
, ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ
Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ±Π΅ΡΠΊΡΠ»Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ΅ Π½Π΅ ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½. Π¦Π΅Π»ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΡ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ², ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ
Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ±Π΅ΡΠΊΡΠ»Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΡΠ»ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ 72 Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Ρ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ±ΡΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΎ-ΠΊΠ°Π²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ·Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΡΠ±Π΅ΡΠΊΡΠ»Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΌ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΈΡ
, Π½Π°Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ, Π²Π·ΡΡΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ, ΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π‘Π°ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ, Π² Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡ 22 Π΄ΠΎ 56 Π»Π΅Ρ. ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ², ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ
Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ±Π΅ΡΠΊΡΠ»Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΌ, Π±ΡΠ»Π° ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π° ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π°Π½ΠΊΠ΅ΡΠ°, ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Ρ ΠΈΠ· 34 ΡΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ (ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π‘Π°ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ-ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠ°). Π‘ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΡ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΡ SPSS 12.0. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ±Π΅ΡΠΊΡΠ»Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΌ, ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ: ΠΏΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠ±Π΅ΡΠΊΡΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ², ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡ, ΡΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΎΡ Π΄Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. Π‘ΡΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ, Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ°ΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΠ°Ρ
Π° ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ° Ρ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡΠΌΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΡΠΌΠΎΠ΅ Π²Π½ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎ Π²Π½ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡ. ΠΠ»Ρ ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠ° Π±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ, ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΡΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Π²Π½ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈ Π°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΡ ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊ Π»Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π²ΡΠ°ΡΡ, ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ
Cystatin C Deficiency Promotes Epidermal Dysplasia in K14-HPV16 Transgenic Mice
Cysteine protease cathepsins are important in extracellular matrix protein degradation, cell apoptosis, and angiogenesis. Mice lacking cathepsins are protected from tumor progression in several animal models, suggesting that the regulation of cathepsin activities controls the growth of various malignant tumors.We tested the role of cathepsins using a mouse model of multistage epithelial carcinogenesis, in which the human keratin-14 promoter/enhancer drove the expression of human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) early region E6/E7 transgenes. During the progression of premalignant dysplasia, we observed increased expression of cysteine protease cathepsin S, but concomitantly reduced expression of cathepsin endogenous inhibitor cystatin C in the skin tissue extract. Absence of cystatin C in these transgenic mice resulted in more progression of dysplasia to carcinoma in situ on the face, ear, chest, and tail. Chest and ear skin extract real time PCR and immunoblot analysis, mouse serum sample ELISA, tissue immunohistological analysis, and tissue extract-mediated in vitro elastinolysis and collagenolysis assays demonstrated that cystatin C deficiency significantly increased cathepsin expression and activity. In skin from both the chest and ear, we found that the absence of cystatin C reduced epithelial cell apoptosis but increased proliferation. From the same tissue preparations, we detected significantly higher levels of pro-angiogenic laminin 5-derived Ξ³2 peptides and concurrently increased neovascularization in cystatin C-deficient mice, compared to those from wild-type control mice.Enhanced cathepsin expression and activity in cystatin C-deficient mice contributed to the progression of dysplasia by altering premalignant tissue epithelial proliferation, apoptosis, and neovascularization
Human macrophage foam cells degrade atherosclerotic plaques through cathepsin K mediated processes
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Proteolytic degradation of Type I Collagen by proteases may play an important role in remodeling of atherosclerotic plaques, contributing to increased risk of plaque rupture.</p> <p>The aim of the current study was to investigate whether human macrophage foam cells degrade the extracellular matrix (ECM) of atherosclerotic plaques by cathepsin K mediated processes.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We 1) cultured human macrophages on ECM and measured cathepsin K generated fragments of type I collagen (C-terminal fragments of Type I collagen (CTX-I) 2) investigated the presence of CTX-I in human coronary arteries and 3) finally investigated the clinical potential by measuring circulating CTX-I in women with and without radiographic evidence of aortic calcified atherosclerosis.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Immune-histochemistry of early and advanced lesions of coronary arteries demonstrated co-localization of Cathepsin-K and CTX-I in areas of intimal hyperplasia and in shoulder regions of advanced plaques. Treatment of human monocytes with M-CSF or M-CSF+LDL generated macrophages and foam cells producing CTX-I when cultured on type I collagen enriched matrix. Circulating levels of CTX-I were not significantly different in women with aortic calcifications compared to those without.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Human macrophage foam cells degrade the atherosclerotic plaques though cathepsin K mediated processes, resulting in increase in levels of CTX-I. Serum CTX-I was not elevated in women with aortic calcification, likely due to the contribution of CTX-I from osteoclastic bone resorption which involves Cathepsin-K. The human macrophage model system may be used to identify important pathway leading to excessive proteolytic plaque remodeling and plaque rupture.</p
Viral emissions into the air and environment after SARS-CoV-2 human challenge: a phase 1, open label, first-in-human study
Background
Effectively implementing strategies to curb SARS-CoV-2 transmission requires understanding who is contagious and when. Although viral load on upper respiratory swabs has commonly been used to infer contagiousness, measuring viral emissions might be more accurate to indicate the chance of onward transmission and identify likely routes. We aimed to correlate viral emissions, viral load in the upper respiratory tract, and symptoms, longitudinally, in participants who were experimentally infected with SARS-CoV-2.
Methods
In this phase 1, open label, first-in-human SARS-CoV-2 experimental infection study at quarantine unit at the Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK, healthy adults aged 18β30 years who were unvaccinated for SARS-CoV-2, not previously known to have been infected with SARS-CoV-2, and seronegative at screening were recruited. Participants were inoculated with 10 50% tissue culture infectious dose of pre-alpha wild-type SARS-CoV-2 (Asp614Gly) by intranasal drops and remained in individual negative pressure rooms for a minimum of 14 days. Nose and throat swabs were collected daily. Emissions were collected daily from the air (using a Coriolis ΞΌ air sampler and directly into facemasks) and the surrounding environment (via surface and hand swabs). All samples were collected by researchers, and tested by using PCR, plaque assay, or lateral flow antigen test. Symptom scores were collected using self-reported symptom diaries three times daily. The study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04865237.
Findings
Between March 6 and July 8, 2021, 36 participants (ten female and 26 male) were recruited and 18 (53%) of 34 participants became infected, resulting in protracted high viral loads in the nose and throat following a short incubation period, with mild-to-moderate symptoms. Two participants were excluded from the per-protocol analysis owing to seroconversion between screening and inoculation, identified post hoc. Viral RNA was detected in 63 (25%) of 252 Coriolis air samples from 16 participants, 109 (43%) of 252 mask samples from 17 participants, 67 (27%) of 252 hand swabs from 16 participants, and 371 (29%) of 1260 surface swabs from 18 participants. Viable SARS-CoV-2 was collected from breath captured in 16 masks and from 13 surfaces, including four small frequently touched surfaces and nine larger surfaces where airborne virus could deposit. Viral emissions correlated more strongly with viral load in nasal swabs than throat swabs. Two individuals emitted 86% of airborne virus, and the majority of airborne virus collected was released on 3 days. Individuals who reported the highest total symptom scores were not those who emitted most virus. Very few emissions occurred before the first reported symptom (7%) and hardly any before the first positive lateral flow antigen test (2%).
Interpretation
After controlled experimental inoculation, the timing, extent, and routes of viral emissions was heterogeneous. We observed that a minority of participants were high airborne virus emitters, giving support to the notion of superspreading individuals or events. Our data implicates the nose as the most important source of emissions. Frequent self-testing coupled with isolation upon awareness of first symptoms could reduce onward transmissions.
Funding
UK Vaccine Taskforce of the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy of Her Majesty's Government
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