Analysis of caesarean section rates using Robsons ten group classification: the first step

Background: The Caesarean section (CS) rate is steadily increasing worldwide including India. The overall CS rates are reported but rarely the women are classified. According to WHO Robson ten –group classification is useful as a global standard for assessing, monitoring and comparing cesarean section rates. Our objective was to classify women delivering in our hospital according to various categories as per the 10-group classification (Robsons classification) and analyzing the CS rate in each group.Methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted at JSS Medical College, Mysore. The data was collected for all women delivering in hospital from January 2016-December 2016 and the women were classified according to Robsons 10 group classification. The proportion of women delivering in each group, the CS rate of each group, and the relative contribution to CS rate from each group was calculated.Results: Among a total of 5016 women delivering during the study period 37.65% of women were delivered by CS. Maximum no of pregnant women belonged to primigravida group (group 1 and 2). Major contributor to CS rate were primigravida (group 2) at 32.2%. Next contributors were group 5 and group 1 at 28.9 % and 18.6% respectively. Overall the three groups 1, 2 and group 5 contributed to 79.7% of the CS rate while the other group contributed to only 21.3% of CS rate.Conclusions: Applying Robsons criteria to classify pregnant women allowed for easy classification to identify the category of women most likely to have CS. Reducing primary CS rate and increasing VBAC rates will help to reduce CS rate.

A Holistic Study on Work-Family Enrichment of Women Employees in the Indian Electronics Manufacturing Industry

Purpose: The aim of this paper is to investigate the status of Work-Life Balance practices and Work-Life expectations and add value by identifying the gaps between the availability and expectations of the WLB.   Theoretical framework: The study identifies the need for designing customized WLBPs according to the requirement of individual employees and their respective industry would be beneficial. The one-size-fits-all policy may not work in the case of work-life problems.   Design/methodology/approach: This study was conducted to assess Authentic Leadership, Coworker support, and Family support as independent variables and Work Satisfaction as well as Family Satisfaction as a Dependent variable in the estimation model. The information gathers from the organization which is a four-factory building. The 5-point Likert scale is used to prepare the questionnaire which was circulated to 800 participants working in the 4 factory buildings at Sal comp Chennai. Overall, 150 respondents completed the survey.   Finding: Overall work-life balance is bonded with family support which reflects in the work that contributes to work satisfaction that will be effective in productivity. An estimation model and way model examination show an unmistakable association with both dependent and independent variables. A measurement model and path model analysis show a strong connection between the variables independent and dependent.   Research, Practical & Social Implication: It contributes to a better consideration of the topic. As a result of a good Work-Life balance, a company's productivity increases, it retains its most talented employees for a long time, it cultivates a conducive work environment, and it is able to meet its goals and objectives to remain competitive.   Originality/value: This study identifies the gap that there is not enough study and literature available especially connected to the Work-Life Balance of Women in the Electronics Industry in India as well as Globally. There is no clear evidence that there exists a distinctive gap between work-life balance issues between different sectors or industries

Role of sex hormone binding globulin as the early predictor for gestational diabetes mellitus

Background:  The aim of this study was to find role of SHBG as an early predictor for gestational diabetes mellitus.Methods: A hospital based prospective/observational/diagnostic and explorative study. The necessary information was collected from the participants through the prepared set of questionnaires. Pregnant women between 11 to 14 weeks of gestation who visited JSS OPD for antenatal checkup satisfying inclusion and exclusion criteria giving informed and written consent for the study were examined clinically. 3ml of venous blood was drawn with aseptic precautions for the estimation of SHBG and adiponectin. OGTT with 75gms glucose first done at 11 to 14weeks and again at 24-28 weeks and 32-36 weeks were done to the same patient to find out whether the patient developed GDM or not. These mothers were followed periodically till delivery. The sensitivity and specificity of SHBG were assessed and compared in patients who developed GDM.Results: 100 cases were selected for the study. About 12 patients were diagnosed as gestational diabetes mellitus in present study by OGCT at 32 weeks to 36 weeks. In present study about 14 patients had low level of SHBG. Low level of SHBG is found to be statistically significant in predicting GDM in first trimester.Conclusions: The combination of SHBG can be used as predictor of GDM in first trimester

Serum placental growth factor levels and uterine artery pulsatility index at 11-13+6 weeks gestation as early predictors of pre-eclampsia: prospective observational study

Background: To detect serum placental growth factor levels and uterine artery doppler pulsatility index for predicting pre-eclampsia and assess their association with the severity of pre-eclampsia. Methods: A prospective observational study involving 160 antenatal women, from 11-13+6 weeks gestation attending antenatal clinic at tertiary care center during study period of 18 months. Serum placental growth factor levels and uterine artery doppler mean pulsatility index measured and patients were followed upto delivery and observed for the development of pre-eclampsia and its severity. Results: Placental growth factor value cut-off was 40.33pg/ml with the sensitivity of 97.5 % and specificity was 98.3%. For the pulsatility index value of 1.85, the sensitivity was found to be 74.4% and specificity was found to be 92.5%. Mean serum placental growth factor levels for pre-eclampsia patients was 25.09pg/ml and for normotensive patients mean level was 65.05pg/ml. Mean uterine artery doppler pulsatlity index for pre-eclampsia patients was 2.02 and for normotensive patients was 1.39. Mean PI value increased with increasing severity of preeclampsia. Conclusions: Early recognition of women will help initiation of prophylactic measures and enhanced surveillance. First trimester uterine artery doppler with serum placental growth factor together with maternal characteristics can be used as a reliable screening test for preeclampsia prediction and to reduce feto-maternal morbidity

Evaluation of Bag of Visual Words for Category Level Object Recognition

Object recognition in a large scale collection of images has become an important application in machine vision. The recent advances in the object or image recognition for classification of objects shows that Bag-of-visual words approach is a better method for image classification problems. In this work, the effect of different possible parameters and performance evaluation of Bag of visual words approach in terms of their recognition performance such as Accuracy rate, Precision and F1 measure using 8 different classes of real world datasets that are commonly used in restaurant applications is explored. The system presented here is based on visual vocabulary. Features are extracted, clustered, trained and evaluated on an image database of 1600 images of different categories. To validate the obtained results,a performance evaluation on vehicle datasetsunder SURF and SIFT descriptors with Kmeans and K-medoid clustering and KNN classifier has been made. Among these SURF K-means performs better

Role of diagnostic hysterolaparoscopy in the evaluation of female infertility

Background: Infertility is defined by WHO as a disease of the reproductive system defined by the failure to achieve a clinical pregnancy after 12 months or more of regular unprotected sexual intercourse. The prevalence of infertility is about 10%-15% of reproductive age couples. Female factor is responsible for 40-45% of etiology of infertility. Aim of the study was to evaluate the role of diagnostic hysterolaparoscopy in female infertility at a tertiary care centre.Methods: This is a retrospective hospital based study done at a tertiary care hospital attached to JSS Medical College, Mysuru between January 2017 and December 2018. Infertile women with primary or secondary infertility in the 18-40 years age group, with normal hormonal profile and no known male factor were included.Results: In our study, primary infertility was found in 77% of the 96 patients and secondary infertility was found in 23% of patients. In primary infertility, ovarian pathology was the most common finding while Endometriosis was the most common finding in secondary infertility group. 77 % patients were found to have bilaterally patent tubes while remaining had unilateral or bilateral blockage. On hysteroscopy, endometrial polyps were the commonest hysteroscopic finding in both groups.Conclusions: Combined hystero-laparoscopy is a safe, effective and reliable method in comprehensive evaluation of infertility. It helps in the diagnosis of pelvic pathology which may have been missed by routine examination and thereby helps in optimal management of female infertility

Effect of vitamin A supplementation in category-I Pulmonary Tuberculosis patients in a Medical College in India: a rapid assessment analysis

Background: Tuberculosis is one of the major health problems affecting the global population causing immense morbidity and mortality. Studies have shown that a good antioxidant status of the body has immune protective role against tuberculosis and may be associated with a decreased risk of the disease and slower rate of progression. Objective of the study was planned to evaluate the beneficial effects of Vitamin A as add on therapy to the standard drug therapy in patients with sputum positive pulmonary tuberculosis.Methods: The study was done in a Tuberculosis clinic, Department of Internal Medicine, Stanley Medical College for duration of 6 months. All the newly diagnosed sputum positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients (18-55 years) attending the outpatient were taken for the study purpose. A Phase III, prospective, open, two arm parallel group, outpatient, randomized, active controlled study was done.Results: After two weeks of therapy, the number of patients with negative sputum smear was higher in the study group than the control group. Vitamin A supplementation resulted in an earlier elimination of tubercle bacilli from the sputum.Conclusions: This study shows that vitamin A as add on therapy to the existing standard therapy improves the clinical response and decreases the disease activity to a greater extent than with routine standard therapy alone

A comparative study of mebeverine and synbiotic combination in patients with diarrhoea predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome in a Medical College in South India

Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic, episodic functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by abdominal pain / discomfort and altered bowel habits. Though it is considered as a functional disorder, the burden of the disease to the patients is very high and the quality of life becomes miserable. Currently available IBS therapies are mainly symptom oriented and have limited efficacy. Various studies had done so far which provide a clear rationale for the use of Synbiotic in this disorder. The objective of the study includes, this study was planned to compare the efficacy of Mebeverine + Synbiotic combination with Mebeverine and Synbiotic monotherapy in patients with diarrhoea predominant irritable bowel syndrome.Methods: The study was done in Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Rajiv Gandhi Government Hospital, Chennai for duration of one year. Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome (diarrhea predominant type), diagnosed within 1 year and attending outpatient department were taken. A randomized, Phase III, prospective, interventional, open label, outpatient, comparative study design was done. A total of 60 patients divided into 3 groups were finally selected for the study purpose.Results: Twelve weeks after completion of active drug therapy, the Mebeverine + Synbiotic combination improved all the symptoms of IBS except abdominal pain. Further it was evident that combination therapy had significant remission in stool frequency and consistency when compared with other groups.Conclusions: Combination of Mebeverine + Synbiotic is more effective in improving most of the troublesome symptoms in patients with diarrhea predominant irritable bowel syndrome than other therapies and also in maintaining remission, in terms of frequency and consistency of stools

Yield, Feeding Value and Ensiling Characteristics of Clone-13 (\u3ci\u3ePennisetum purpureum\u3c/i\u3e)

A study was carried out to find out the effect of frequency of defoliation on yield and feeding value of clone-13 (Pennisetum purpureum) in Sri Lanka. Three frequency of harvesting, namely 45, 60 and 75 days were used and, fresh yield per plot was measured. Sub samples were taken for dry matter determination and proximate analysis. According to results, frequency of harvesting of 60 days can be recommended for clone-13 under no fertilizer regime. In addition, effect of growth stage on ensiling characteristics of clone-13 was also studied. Clone-13 was harvested at 45, 60, 75 or 90 days and, ensiled alone or with 5% coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) scrapings or 5% rice (Oriza sativa) bran in laboratory silos. Therefore, altogether 12 treatments were used in the study with 5 replicates. Silos were opened after 6 weeks and, physical and ensiling characteristics were studied. Physical characteristics of silage were satisfactory and had a yellowish brown colour, pleasant aroma and a moist texture. Highest volatile fatty acids and crude protein contents were observed with 45 days old grass silage whereas lowest in 90 days old grass silage. Addition of rice bran and coconut scrapings improved the fermentation characteristics of silage compared to no additives