Faktor-Faktor yang Berpengaruh terhadap Kejadian Demam Berdarah Dengue pada Anak Usia 6-12 Tahun di Kecamatan Tembalang

Background : The Dengue Fever is an infectious disease that still becomes a serious health issue since it is endemic. This research aims to explain the various factors influencing the occurrences of the dengue fever in the children age 6 to 12 years old.Methods : This research used both quantitative and qualitative methods. The quantitative research specification was the observational analytic case control design while the indept interview technique was used as the qualitative research method. The population of the study were all children age 6 to 12 years old who lived in the Semarang City. The number of the subjects were 70 cases and 70 controls and they were taken by consecutive sampling method. The data were analyzed using the bivariate and multivariate with the regression logistic method.Results : The factors proven to influence the dengue fever occurrences in the children 6 to 12 years old were the lack of the mother\u27s education (OR 3.031; 95%CI 1.4281-6.434; p= 0.004;), the habit of not using the insect repellent use (OR 4.293; 95%CI 1.935-9.526; p= 0.001) and the habit of not wearing long clothes (OR 2.759; 95%CI 1.240-6.138; p= 0.013).Conclusion : The factors recognized as the significant risk factors for the occurrences of the dengue fever in the children age 6 to 12 years old were the lack of the mother\u27s education, the habit of not using the insect repellent and the habit of not wearing long clothes. Those factors contribute 85,3% to the occurrence of dengue fever

Formulation of Crude Enzymes from Bacillus sp. MTS for Cleaning Solution

Edible bird’s nest (EBN) as a kind of functional food has high economic value depending on the quality such as color and hygiene. The purpose of this research was to find the optimum condition for application of keratinolytic enzymes of Bacillus sp. MTS in cleaning EBN. Activating agents for both enzymes were cation divalents, EDTA, reducing agents, organic solutions, and antibacterial agents. Additive compounds that able to increase keratinase activity were used to make cleaning solution and they were tested on EBN and human hair. Alcoholic solutions (25% ethanol, 25% methanol, 25% glycerol), and some divalent metallic ions (Ca2+, Mg2+, Mn2+, Zn2+) were able to increase keratinase while disulfide reductase was solely activated by 0.05 mM EDTA. The activity of both enzymes was inhibited by NaCl and Na-azide. The activity of keratinase of Bacillus sp. MTS in cleaning solution formulated in this research was 2-3 fold as much as control (crude extract) in human hair substrates. Glycerol and cations divalent increasing 2-3 fold keratinase activity in cleaning solution. The solution was successfully applied to cleaning EBN with weight loss approximately 2.3-2.5%

Faktor-Faktor yang Berpengaruh terhadap Kejadian Tuberkulosis pada Wanita (Studi Kasus di RSUD Kabupaten Brebes)

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) risk in women increased during the productive age. Various problems can arise if a woman suffering from TB given the role of women, especially married, pregnant, and have children. Her role as a housewife who must carry out the task of physical and mental care of children at the same time taking care of her husband will be disrupted. To determine the chances of marital status, pregnancy, parity, physical activity, level of education, level of knowledge, the kitchen smoke pollution, household contact history, history of comorbidities DM, population density, and spacious house ventilation of TB incidence in women.Methods: The study was observational analytic study with case control design. The sample size is as much as 128 people, consisting of 64 cases and 64 controls. Sampling was done by proportional random sampling technique. Data were analyzed with univariable, bivariable, and multivariable.Results: The results of multivariate analysis, parity (OR 5.9, 95% CI 2.40-14.89, p 0.0001), contact history (OR 4.9, 95% CI 1.75-14.14, p 0.003), pollution kitchen smoke (OR 4.2, 95% CI 1.71-10.67, p 0.002), ventilation (OR 4.2, 95% CI 1.72- 10.44, p 0.002) as a risk factor for TB in women.Conclusion: The incidence of tuberculosis in women in Brebes chance or greater risk inwomen with high parity, a history of contacts, exposure to cooking smoke pollution is high and stay at home with ventilation that do not qualify health requirements

Sequence Analysis and Modeling of Antimicrobial Peptide from Goat Milk Protein Hydrolyzed by Bromelain

Hydrolysis of goat milk protein by bromelain generates fractions 10 kDa which act as antimicrobe. The fractions contain some peptides that not all were biologically active. Sequence analysis and modeling of the peptides sequences are important to predict their potential bioactivities. The aims of this study were to obtain physicochemical and structure prediction of peptides and their relation with antimicrobial activity. The study was conducted by sequencing of selected fraction in the electrophoresis gel, analyzing and modeling. Analysis of the peptide showed that peptide VLVLDTDYK that predicted from β-lactoglobulin sequence had similar sequence with antimicrobial peptide indolicidin which active to Gram positive bacteria. Peptide LVNELTEFAK was potent to be antimicrobial peptide with therapeutic index 28.69. Modeling of the peptide showed that peptide LVNELTEFAK was able to form helix which important for interaction with microbial membrane. Replacing 2nd amino acid Valine (V) to Alanine (A) and 4th amino acid Glutamic acid (E) to Serine (S) might able to increase the therapeutic index to 94.91. Based on the result, peptide LVNELTEFAK potent to be antimicrobial peptide and replacing certain amino acid was able to increase therapeutic index and its antimicrobial activity

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Thermophilic Bacteria From Candradimuka Crater in Central Java Employing Pcr-rflp of 16s-rrna Gene

The specific primers for bacteria (63f and 1387r) were used to amplify the 16S-rRNA genes from total community genomic DNA of thermophilic bacteria. The total community genomic DNA was obtained from muds and water samples of Candradimuka crater, Dieng Plateau, Central Java. PCR products were cloned into vector pCR*2.1-TOPO (3.9 kb) and transformed into Escherichia coli TOPIC. Two tetrameric restriction endonucleases Rsal and Hhal were employed to generate Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms (RFLP) paterns. These enzymes yielded 10 and 9 groups of 16S-rRNA profiles or OTU (Operational Taxonomic Units) from 27 16S-rRNA gene clones. Rsal was found to be more discriminative in differentiating the clones than Hhal. Rsal-RFLP indicated that OTU 7 and OTU 3 represented the most abundant clones, i.e. 6 and 5 clones respectively. The distribution of 16S-rRNA gene clones could indicate relative distribution of specific groups of thermophilic bacteria in their natural habitat. Analysis of diversity at the DNA level could represent both culturable and unculturable bacteria in the environment. Similarity analysis showed that at level 0.600 there were 8 different groups from 10 RFLP profiles generated by Rsal digestion. This study indicated that there were at least 8 groups of different thermophilic bacteria occupying Candradimuka crater

Karakteristik Endapan Cairan Rumen Sapi Asal Rumah Potong Hewan Sebagai Feed Supplement

The aims of this experiment were to identify and characterize of sediment product from cattle rumen liquor as a source of amino acids, minerals and vitamins. The sediment were obtained as pellets upon centrifugation of rumen liquor at 10,000 g for 10 minutes for collection of supernatant. The sediment were evaluated for amino acids, minerals and vitamins composition and chararacterized for the pH, solubility of dry matter, specific density, bulk and compacted bulk densities and angle of response. Result of the experiment showed that sediment contained higher minerals: Na, K and Fe compared with the commercial premix, but lower in B-vitamins and amino acids. The composition of mineral Na, K, and Fe from rumen liquor of local cattle was 13.47%, 7.73 % and 14.52 %, while Na, K, and Fe from rumen liquor of imported cattle was 18.40%, 10.25%, and 14.52% respectively. The sediment had pH range from 10.01-10.03, the dry matter solubility was 35.5% up to 39.1%. The sediment from imported cattle had higher specific density, bulk and compacted bulk densities and angle of response than that of local cattle. It is concluded that sediment from cattle rumen liquor contained high Na, K and Fe, low amino acids and B-vitamin, high pH and low solubility

Eksplorasi Dan Pengaruh Cendawan Endofit Yang Berasal Dari Akar Tanaman Cabai Terhadap Pertumbuhan Benih Cabai Merah

Cendawan endofit diketahui memiliki kemampuan dalam menghasilkan metabolit sekunder yang sering berdampak terhadap pertumbuhan inangnya, seperti meningkatkan ketahanan tanaman terhadap kondisi cekaman biotik dan abiotik, maupun meningkatkan pertumbuhannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi dan mengetahui pengaruh aplikasi cendawan endofit yang diperoleh dari akar tanaman cabai terhadap pertumbuhan bibit tanaman cabai besar (Capsicum annuum L.). Kegiatan penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi dan Rumah Kaca BPTP Jakarta, sejak September 2012 hingga Agustus 2013. Penelitian terdiri dari eksplorasi, uji patogenisitas, dan uji efikasi terhadap cendawan endofit. Eksplorasi cendawan endofit dilakukan terhadap sampel akar tanaman cabai sehat dari daerah Garut (Jawa Barat), yang sering digunakan untuk budidaya tanaman cabai dan Cipayung (Jakarta Timur), yang merupakan daerah baru untuk budidaya tanaman cabai. Seleksi awal terhadap isolat cendawan dilakukan dengan uji patogenisitas secara in vitro. Uji efikasi cendawan secara in vivo pada bibit cabai berfungsi untuk mengetahui efek aplikasi cendawan terpilih (46 isolat non patogenik dan 16 isolat potensial patogenik) terhadap pertumbuhan bibit. Hasil eksplorasi menunjukkan bahwa isolat cendawan yang diperoleh dari akar tanaman cabai daerah Garut, secara makroskopis memiliki keragaman lebih tinggi dibanding dengan keragaman isolat dari daerah Cipayung. Uji patogenisitas menunjukkan bahwa isolat cendawan yang diuji cenderung didominasi oleh cendawan yang bersifat patogenik dan potensial patogenik. Uji efikasi cendawan endofit terpilih dalam mempengaruhi pertumbuhan vegetatif bibit, menunjukkan bahwa 74,19% isolat yang diuji memiliki kemampuan memicu pertumbuhan bibit pada kondisi media tanam steril. sebanyak 34 isolat dari isolat-isolat tersebut diketahui merupakan isolat yang sejak awal bersifat nonpatogenik dan 12 isolat yang awalnya bersifat potensial patogenik