On the armored scales, genus Aulacaspis Cockerell (Hemiptera: Diaspididae), of Korea

Aulacaspis difficilis (Cockerell) and Aulacaspis latissima (Cockerell), occurring on Elaeagnus glabra Thunb. and Distylium racemosum Siebold and Zucc. (Elaeagnaceae), are newly recorded in the Korean fauna of armored scales (Hemiptera: Diaspididae). The characters of these species are here redescribed with illustrative photographs and information on distribution and hosts. Also a key to species of Aulacaspis Cockerell is provided for correct species identification

A list of scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) intercepted in quarantine on imported succulent plants in Korea 2006-2010

A list of scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) intercepted on imported succulent plants at the plant quarantine of Korea from 2006 to 2010 is provided. A total of 15 species belonging to four families are listed. Of the 15 species that were intercepted, some species are potential pests that could gain entry and establish in Korea through the importation of plant material. Current information on intercepted scale insects is required to alert inspectors at quarantine sites to look carefully at succulent plants to prevent the introduction of an exotic species

New records of whiteflies (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) from Korea

Five species of whiteflies, Aleurolobus iteae Takahashi, Aleurolobus vitis Danzig, Asterobemisia takahashii Danzig, Bemisiella artemisiae Danzig, and Massilieurodes euryae (Takahashi), are newly recorded from Korea

Korean encyrtids (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) associated with scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha)

Scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) are sap-sucking plant parasites and economically important pests on agricultural and horticultural crops. Scale insects are often difficult to control since their body is protected by a wax cover. Parasitic wasps that live and develop in scale insects are important natural enemies and effective biological control agents of pest scale insects. Chalcid wasps of the family Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) comprise the largest group of parasitoids of scale insects, followed by the family Aphelinidae. Here, an updated list of all thirty-six species of encyrtids in twenty-three genera that have been identified or reported from South Korea is provided, along with a dichotomous taxonomic key to separate them

Notes on some parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) associated with Acanthococcus lagerstroemiae (Kuwana) (Hemiptera: Eriococcidae) in the Republic of Korea

A survey of the parasitoids associated with Acanthococcus lagerstroemiae (Kuwana) (Hemiptera: Eriococcidae) in the Republic of Korea in 2014 resulted in the documentation of one species of Aphelinidae, Marietta picta (Andre), and two species of Encyrtidae, Metaphycus eriococci (Timberlake) and Zaomma eriococci (Ferrière). Of these, M. eriococci and Z. eriococci are newly recorded from Korea. In addition, one species of encyrtid is newly recognized as a parasitoid associated with A. lagerstroemiae from Korea. In this paper, the list of parasitoid species of A. lagerstroemiae that occur in Korea is updated and a brief diagnosis and photographs of these species are provided

Parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) reared from \u3ci\u3ePseudaulacaspis cockerelli\u3c/i\u3e (Cooley) (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) in the Republic of Korea

Through this survey, four species of aphelinid, one species of encyrtid, and one species of signiphorid wasp (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) were collected and identified as follows: Aphytis japonicus DeBach and Azim, Encarsia berlesei (Howard), Marietta carnesi (Howard), Pteroptrix sp. 2, Arrhenophagus chionaspidis Aurivillius, and Chartocerus subaenus (Förster). Among these, C. subaenus is recorded newly from the Korean parasitoid fauna. Also, three species of aphelinids and one species of signiphorid are newly added as parasitic wasps associated with Pseudaulacaspis cockerelli (Cooley) (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) from Korea. In this paper, the list of parasitoid species of P. cockerelli that occur in Korea is updated and a brief diagnosis and photographs of these species are provided

Updated list of intercepted Coccidae (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) at South Korean ports of entry and potential invasive species to South Korea

An updated list is given of 25 species of soft scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccidae) which have been intercepted on plants imported into South Korea during the period of 1996 to 2021. Information on the num­ber of interceptions, host plants, distribution and origin of species intercepted at South Korean ports of entry is provided. In addition, data on intercepted species was analyzed to determine potential invasive species of soft scales that could threaten South Korean plants. Soft scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Coccidae) occur in all zoogeographical regions of the world. The Coccidae is the third largest family of scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) with 1225 species in 178 genera known worldwide (García Morales et al. 2022). Biologically, soft scales which are plant feeders, can occur on just about any part of the plant but are especially common on the stems, leaves and fruits (Miller et al. 2014). Many species are significant economic pests of fruits and also landscaping plants (Hamon and Williams 1984; Gill 1988; Miller et al. 2014; Kondo and Watson 2022). Invasive species of insects which are not native, represent an increasing concern to South Korea since globalization has been facilitating the increase in plant trade, promoting the long-distance movement of pests attached on these plants (Mazzeo et al. 2014). If non-native species are able to establish in a different environment, they often become economic pests, resulting in yield losses, diminished product quality, increased production costs, especially in the application of chemical control measures which often have a deleterious effect on the environment, humans and the ecology of the agroecosystem (Huber et al. 2002; Miller and Miller 2003). Many soft scales are serious pests, particularly those that are invasive species. In South Korea there are 31 species (2.5%) of the soft scales known worldwide. Of these, seven species (22.6%) are likely invaders, namely Ceroplastes rubens Maskell, Coccus ficicola Choi and Lee, Coccus hesperidum Linnaeus, Eucalymnatus tessellatus (Signoret), Parasaissetia nigra (Nietner), Saissetia coffeae (Walker) and Saissetia miranda (Cockerell and Parrott). In South Korea, soft scales are usually found on imported plants that are grown inside greenhouses (Paik 1972; Paik 2000; Choi and Lee 2017; 2018). Recently species such as C. ficicola and S. miranda were discovered on banyan figs (Ficus benghalensis L.; Moraceae) in South Korean greenhouses (Choi and Lee 2017; 2018). The brown soft scale, C. hesperidum, is a serious pest not only outdoors, but also in greenhouses and internal landscape environments (Paik 1972; Paik 2000; Kwon and Han 2003; Kwon et al. 2005; Lee and Choi 2019). To prevent the introductions of harmful insects along these pathways, countries apply biosecurity measures to imported plant goods and products, including visual inspections at the points of entry (Saccaggi et al. 2021). Therefore, being able to compile and update information on intercepted soft scales will help to improve the inspection procedures, to detect, identify and mitigate the damage caused by exotic invasive species. This paper provides an updated list of soft scales intercepted on imported plants into South Korea during the period of 1996 to 2021 based on records in the Pest Information System (PIS) database of South Korea. In addition, it deals with potential invasive species of soft scales that could threaten South Korean natural and agricultural environments

New records of \u3ci\u3eAleurolobus\u3c/i\u3e Quaintance and Baker and \u3ci\u3eBemisia\u3c/i\u3e Quaintance and Baker (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) in Korea with an identification key

Aleurolobus confusus David and Subramaniam and Bemisia lespedezae (Danzig) occurring on Stephanandra incisa (Thunb.) and Lespedeza bicolor Turcz. are newly documented in the Korean fauna of whiteflies (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). Characteristics of these species are briefly redescribed and illustrative photographs and information on their distribution and hosts are provided. A dichotomous key to whiteflies of Korea is given for correct species identification. In addition, the current status of Bemisia takahashii (Danzig) in Korea is discussed based on the results of a survey of the whiteflies of Korea and related papers

Notes on some parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) associated with Acanthococcus lagerstroemiae (Kuwana) (Hemiptera: Eriococcidae) in the Republic of Korea

A survey of the parasitoids associated with Acanthococcus lagerstroemiae (Kuwana) (Hemiptera: Eriococcidae) in the Republic of Korea in 2014 resulted in the documentation of one species of Aphelinidae, Marietta picta (Andre), and two species of Encyrtidae, Metaphycus eriococci (Timberlake) and Zaomma eriococci (Ferrière). Of these, M. eriococci and Z. eriococci are newly recorded from Korea. In addition, one species of encyrtid is newly recognized as a parasitoid associated with A. lagerstroemiae from Korea. In this paper, the list of parasitoid species of A. lagerstroemiae that occur in Korea is updated and a brief diagnosis and photographs of these species are provided

Host plant list of the scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) in South Korea

The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) are one of the most successful groups of plant-feeding arthropods. Most species of shade trees, fruit trees and ornamental shrubs are subject to scale insect attacks. Based on the review of the literature and survey results, the host plant list of the scale insects in South Korea was developed and updated. Herein, an updated list of 253 species of host plants in 71 families associated with scale insects is provided and 162 species in 15 scale insect families are listed