Electron spin phase relaxation of phosphorus donors in nuclear spin enriched silicon

We report a pulsed EPR study of the phase relaxation of electron spins bound to phosphorus donors in isotopically purified 29^Si and natural abundance Si single crystals measured at 8 K.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure

Synthesis and Platelet-Activating Factor (PAF)-Antagonistic Activities of Trisubstituted Piperazine Derivatives

2- or 3-Substituted 1-(2,3-dimethoxy-6,7-dihydro-5H-benzocyclobepten-8- ylcarbonyl)-4-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)- and 4-(3,4,5- trimethoxybenzyl)piperazines (2a - s, 3a, b) were prepared and evaluated for antagonistic activities against platelet-activating factor (PAF)-induced platelet aggregation and blood pressure reduction. The 2-methoxymethyl derivative (2f) showed the most potent activities in this series. The enantiomers (R)-(+)-2f and (S)-(-)-2f were synthesized from carbobenzoxy-O- benzyl-L- and D-serine in several steps. In the binding experiment. (S)-(-)- 2f showed thirty times greater affinity than the R isomer for the PAF receptor

PHOSPHATEMIC INDEX EVALUATES PHOSPHORUS LOAD

Objective: Dietary phosphorus (P) restriction is crucial to treat hyperphosphatemia and reduce cardiovascular disease risk and mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and the wider population. Various methods for dietary P restriction exist, but the bioavailability of P in food should also be considered when making appropriate food choices to maintain patients’ quality of life. Here, we propose the ‘‘Phosphatemic Index’’ (PI) as a novel tool for evaluating dietary P load based on P bioavailability; we also evaluated the effect of continuous intake of different PI foods in mixed meals on serum intact fibroblast growth factor 23 concentration. Design and Methods: A 2-stage crossover study was conducted: Study 1: 20 healthy participants consumed 10 different foods containing 200 mg of P, and the PI was calculated from the area under the curve of a time versus serum P concentration curve; Study 2: 10 healthy participants consumed 4 different test meals (low, medium, or high PI meals or a control) over a 5-day period. Results: Study 1 showed milk and dairy products had high PI values, pork and ham had medium PI values, and soy and tofu had low PI values. In Study 2, ingestion of high PI test meals showed higher fasting serum intact fibroblast growth factor 23 levels and lower serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D levels compared with ingestion of low PI test meals. Conclusion: These findings suggest that the PI can usefully evaluate the dietary P load of various foods and may help to make appropriate food choices for dietary P restriction in CKD patients

Metabolic network of the gut microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease

Abstract Gut dysbiosis is closely linked to the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Emerging studies highlight the relationship between host metabolism and the modulation of gut microbiota composition through regulating the luminal microenvironment. In IBD, various disease-associated factors contribute to the significant perturbation of host metabolism. Such disturbance catalyzes the selective proliferation of specific microbial populations, particularly pathobionts such as adherent invasive Escherichia coli and oral-derived bacteria. Pathobionts employ various strategies to adapt better to the disease-associated luminal environments. In addition to the host-microbe interaction, recent studies demonstrate that the metabolic network between commensal symbionts and pathobionts facilitates the expansion of pathobionts in the inflamed gut. Understanding the metabolic network among the host, commensal symbionts, and pathobionts provides new insights into the pathogenesis of IBD and novel avenues for treating IBD

New spectral decomposition for 3D polygonal meshes and its application to watermarking

This paper present a generalization of a data analysis technique called a singular spectrum analysis (SSA). The original SSA is a tool for analyzing one-dimensional data such as time series, whereas our generalization is suitable for multi-dimensional data such as 3D polygonal meshes. One of applications of the proposed generalization are also shown. The application of the generalized SSA is a new robust watermarking method that adds a watermark to a 3D polygonal mesh. Watermarks embedded by our method are resistant to similarity transformations and random noises. Our method has the advantage in that it requires smaller calculation cost than other methods with nearly equal performance

IEEE 802.11ah based M2M networks employing virtual grouping and power saving methods

As a promising wireless access standard for machine-to-machine (M2M) networks, the IEEE 802.11 task group ah has been discussing a new standard which is based on the wireless local area network (WLAN) standard. This new standard will support an enormous number of stations (STAs) such as 6, 000 STAs. To mitigate degradation of the throughput and delay performance in WLANs that employ a carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) protocol, this paper proposes a virtual grouping method which exploits the random arbitration interframe space number scheme. This method complies with the CSMA/CA protocol, which employs distributed medium access control. Moreover, power saving is another important issue for M2M networks, where most STAs are operated by primary or secondary batteries. This paper proposes a new power saving method for the IEEE 802.11ah based M2M network employing the proposed virtual grouping method. With the proposed virtual grouping and power saving methods, the STAs can save their power by as much as 90% and maintain good throughput and delay performance