BIOCHEMICAL GENETIC DIFFERENTIATION AMONG WILD POPULATIONS OF MILKFISH (Chanos chanos) IN INDONESIA

Four populations of milkfish (Chanos chanos ) were collected (N=100) from coastal water of  Aceh. Bali, East Java and South Sulawesi and were examined electrophoretically at 29 loci to deterurine the genetic vuriability and the population structure

IDENTIFICATION OF A LOCAL PROBIOTIC BACTERIUM USING 16S rRNA GENE SEQUENCE THAT WAS USED FOR FIELD TRIAL TO ENHANCED WHITELEG SHRIMP (Litopenaeus vannamei) SURVIVAL

The use of local probiotics in the culture of aquatic organisms is increasing with the demand for more environmental-friendly aquaculture practices. The local bacterium isolate considered as a probiotic was added into the water of whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) culture in a field trial. Four rectangular plastic ponds (ca. 20 m x 30 m per pond) were used for 100 days experimentation for six consecutive crops in two years experiment. Survival, harvest size, feed conversion ratio (FCR) and Vibrio bacterial count was compared with those of shrimp receiving and none of local isolate. Identification based on 16S rRNA gene sequence shown those isolate was Bacillus pumilus strain DURCK14 with 99% homology. Water shrimp pond added a local isolate had significantly higher survival at about 10.0% to 11.7% than shrimp without added the isolate (p<0.05), and better FCR, but no significant different in shrimp harvest size. Vibrio bacterial was undetected by total plate count. Moreover, it shown better projected yields on an annual basis (three crops per year)

ANALISIS SPASIAL DAN TEMPORAL KOMUNITAS FITOPLANKTON SEKITAR BUDIDAYA LAUT TERINTEGRASI DI TELUK EKAS, NUSA TENGGARA BARAT

Fitoplankton merupakan trofik level paling rendah yang dapat digunakan sebagai indikasi kesuburan perairan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan analisis spasial dan temporal komunitas fitoplankton sekitar budidaya terintegrasi (IMTA) di Teluk Ekas, Nusa Tenggara Barat. Pengamatan lapangan dilakukan selama enam bulan mulai Juni-November 2014. Sebanyak sembilan stasiun pengamatan yang dirancang melingkar dengan jarak 60 m dan 150 m dari titik pusat IMTA (KJA ikan). Data yang dikumpulkan kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif, indeks ekologi, dan statistik multivariat. Hasil identifikasi jenis dan kelimpahan fitoplankton menunjukkan bahwa jenis Nitzschia sp., Girosygma sp., dan Coscinodiscus sp.; dari kelas Bacillariophyceae merupakan jenis yang dominan ditemukan. Analisis indeks ekologi memberikan gambaran bahwa fitoplankton di kawasan budidaya terintegrasi memiliki indeks keanekaragaman yang rendah, indeks dominansi tergolong kategori rendah-sedang, dan indeks keseragaman yang tinggi. Kelimpahan fitoplanktonsecara spasial dan temporal menunjukkan bahwa kelimpahan yang tinggi ditemukan pada bulan Agustus-Oktober, dan secara umum tersebar pada kawasan IMTA dengan jarak 7 60 m dari KJA ikan. Karena berhubungan dengan kesuburan perairan maka kawasan ini dalam implementasinya dapat digunakan sebagai kawasan budidaya rumput laut atau kekerangan

BIOCHEMICAL GENETICS OF TIGER SHRIMP Penaeus rnonodon: DESCRIPTION OF ELECTROPHORETIC DETECTABLE LOCI

As part of a search for biochemical genetic markers for tiger shrimp, Penuuemorndon, wild shrimp were collected from the coastal waters of Aceh, Bali and Sumbawa, (Nusa Tenggara Barat)

TATA RIAS BONDRES ANTARA LUCU DAN MENAKUTKAN: PERSPEKTIF ESTETIKA BENTUK

Tata rias wajah terutama untuk karakter bondres merupakan pembentukan identitas diri pemain bondres sehinga mereka dikenal dan disayang masyarakat. Keberhasilan dalam menata rias wajah disesuaikan dengan keinginan yang dibentuk dan inspirasi yang ditiru dari bentuk wajah yang sudah ada. Hasil lucu atau menakutkan bukanlah menjadikan persoalan, namun yang utama adalah dari wajah baru tersebut meraka bisa selalu hadir dan diundang hadir untuk memberikan hiburan. Komunikasi estetik seni pertunjukan bondres masa kini dikemas dalam bentuk lelucon yang segar, menarik dan menghibur. Prilaku sosial budaya yang sesuai logika juga menjadi materi tampilan dengan kemansan leluconnya.   Face make up especially for bondres character is the formation of the identity of bondres players so that they are known and loved by the public. The success in managing makeup is adjusted to the desires that are formed and inspiration that is imitated from the existing face benthic. A funny or frightening result is not a problem, but the main thing is that from this new face they can always be present and invited to provide entertainment. The aesthetic communication of contemporary bondres performing arts is packaged in the form of fresh, interesting and entertaining jokes. The socio-cultural behavior which is in accordance with logic also becomes the display material with the kemansan of the joke

DETEKSI PENYAKIT SCALE DROP PADA IKAN KAKAP PUTIH Lates calcarifer BLOCH

Ikan kakap putih Lates calcarifer BLOCH sudah banyak dibudidayakan baik dalam bak di daratan ataupun dalam karamba jaring apung (KJA) di laut. Pada tahun 2010, terjadi kematian massal pada ikan kakap yang dipelihara dalam karamba jaring apung (KJA) di Batam dari ukuran 0,3 hingga 2 kg. Patogen penyebab kematiannya belum terkonfirmasi. Oleh karena itu, tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeteksi dan menentukan jenis patogen penyebab kematian ikan kakap putih yang dibudidayakan dalam KJA. Analisis deteksi dan penentuan jenis patogen dilakukan dengan metode polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Penyiapan sampel untuk analisis PCR diambil dari organ internal ikan kakap yang sakit, berupa limfa, ginjal, mata, dan otak yang diawetkan dalam larutan etanol 90%. Analisis PCR dilakukan menggunakan dua jenis primer spesifik megalocytivirus yaitu red sea bream iridovirus (RSIV) and scale drop disease (SDD). Hasil analisis menunjukkan adanya band spesifik pada 643 base pair (bp), yang berarti terkonfirmasi positif terinfeksi oleh SDD yang disebabkan oleh novel megalocytivirus dan ini merupakan kasus pertama terjadi di Indonesia, namun negatif terhadap infeksi RSIV. Analisis separasi susunan nukleotida melalui sekuensing, menunjukkan bahwa SDD dari sampel ikan kakap dari KJA Batam mirip 100% dengan SDDV yang berasal dari Singapura yang tersimpan di GenBank dengan nomor aksesi KRI.139659. Dari hasil penelitian ini terkonfirmasi bahwa virus scale drop disease adalah penyebab kematian massal ikan kakap dalam KJA di Batam. Untuk menghindari penyebaran virus SDD ke daerah lain di Indonesia disarankan untuk tidak menggunakan induk dan benih ikan kakap yang berasal dari Batam dan Singapura.Seabass, Lates calcarifer Bloch has been widely cultured in various land-based and marine farming systems. In 2010, widespread mass mortality of cultured seabass had occurred in floating fish cages in Batam coastal waters, particularly affecting the cultured fish sized between 0.3 and 2.0 kg. The pathogen suspected to cause the mortality has not yet been confirmed. The aim of this study was to determine and detect the pathogen that causes the fish mortality. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method was used in this research. The initial research stage involved the collection of the tissues of internal organs such as spleen, kidney, eye, and brain from the moribund fish and preserved in 90% ethanol solution. The PCR analysis was performed using two pair specific primers of megalocytivirus, red sea bream iridovirus (RSIV), and scale drop disease (SDD). The result of the analysis showed that the specific band appeared at 643 base pair (bp), confirming the positive infection of SDD belonged to the novel megalocytivirus. This research finding is the first report of the occurrence of novel megalocytivirus in Indonesia despite the negative detection of RSIV infection. The subsequent analysis of nucleotide structures by sequencing revealed that the Batam SDD had a 100% similarity to that of Singapore SDDV reported at GenBank with the accession number of KRI.139659. The present results confirmed that the pathogen infecting the cage culture of seabass in Batam is the SDD virus and caused high mortality rate. This research recommends prohibiting the use of broodstock and seed of seabass from either Batam or Singapore in order to avoid the spread of the SDD virus to other seabass mariculture areas in Indonesian

ENHANCE PRODUCTION OF BLACK TIGER SHRIMP Penaeus monodon POSTLARVAE BY PROBIOTIC BACTERIUM Alteromonas sp.

Alteromonas sp. (coded as BY-9) bacterium isolated from the coastal water of Gondol Bali, Indonesia was purified and mass produced, then inoculated into the rearing media of penaeus monodon farvae as a probiotic agent

GENETIC VARIATION IN CULTURED STOCKS OF TIGER SHRIMP (Penoeus monodon) IN INDONESIA

Three stocks of tiger shrimps, Penaeus monndon, obtained from brackish water pond culture in Aceh (Sumatera Island), Cilacap (Java Island) and Sumbawa (West Nusatenggara) were assayed for allozyme variation at 9 enzyme loci from muscle biopsies

UJI COBA PRODUKSI KISTA ARTEMIA DI TAMBAK GARAM DI MADURA

Kista artemia yang dibutuhkan di Indonesia seluruhnya masih dipenuhi dari impor, olehkarena itu upaya penelitian yang ditujukan untuk memproduksi kista artemia secara lokal telah banyak dilakukan oleh para peneliti. Hasil penelitian terdahulu menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan bungkil kelapa yang dikombinasikan dengan tepung ikan pada budidaya artemia di tambak garam ternyata dapat meningkatkan produksi dan persentase penetasan kista artemia

SURVEILLANCE OF WHITE SPOT SYNDROME VIRUS (WSSV) AND MYONECROSIS VIRUS (IMNV) INFECTIONS IN CULTURED Litopenaeus vannamei

Disease surveillance programs will provide updated information on the distribution of diseases which allows proper development of mitigation and prevention strategies. WSSV and IMNV viruses are the most threatening diseases in shrimp and have affected the global shrimp farming industries. The present study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of WSSV and IMNV in three different locations of shrimp farms of South Sulawesi, West Nusa Tenggara and West Jawa. Samples of shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei were randomly collected from 20 active shrimp farms in the locations and five samples of postlarvae (PL) that were stocked in ponds. Tissue samples of the shrimp and whole body of PL were preserved in ethanol 90% for analysis. Determination of WSSV and IMNV were carried out by the mobile IQTM WSSV and IQTM IMNV Kit POCKIT Systems. The results showed that the prevalence of WSSV was 30% (6/20) and IMNV was 20% (4/20), while on PL was 40% (2/5). The result revealed that the South Sulawesi (Takalar) samples were positive only for WSSV while West Java (Panimbang) samples were positive only for IMNV. A follow-up study predicted that both viruses were transmitted from the PLs. The present study clearly confirmed that viruses were transmitted from PLs that were not free from either WSSV or IMNV. Therefore, a biosurveillance program is strongly recommended to be implemented in order to avoid the spread of the viral disease to other locations within Indonesia