Management induced changes in food selection, growthandsurvivalofkoicarp,Cyprinuscarpiovar.koi l.,Intropicalponds

The effects of different management regimes on the feeding habits and food selection of koi carp (Cyprinus carpio var. koi L.) larvae were examined. Weight gain, fish deformities, and survival were compared in an 11-week growth trial conducted in tropical ponds maintained according to four culture regimes: (1) live food system; (2) poultry manure treated system; (3) cow dung treat- ed system; and (4) a control. The Ivlev’s Electivity Index showed that koi larvae avoided phyto- plankton and preferred cladocerans, an important source of natural food in all the regimes. In the poultry and cow manured ponds, the larvae were negatively elective towards copepods although they were more abundant than cladocerans. Weight gain and survival was significantly higher in the live-feed system (p<0.05) than in the other systems. Fish deformities were significantly high- er (p<0.05) in the control

2005 b. Management induced changes in food selection, growth and survival of koi carp, Cyprinus carpio var. koi L., in tropical ponds. The Israeli

Abstract The effects of different management regimes on the feeding habits and food selection of koi carp (Cyprinus carpio var. koi L.) larvae were examined. Weight gain, fish deformities, and survival were compared in an 11-week growth trial conducted in tropical ponds maintained according to four culture regimes: (1) live food system; (2) poultry manure treated system; (3) cow dung treated system; and (4) a control. The Ivlev&apos;s Electivity Index showed that koi larvae avoided phytoplankton and preferred cladocerans, an important source of natural food in all the regimes. In the poultry and cow manured ponds, the larvae were negatively elective towards copepods although they were more abundant than cladocerans. Weight gain and survival was significantly higher in the live-feed system (p&lt;0.05) than in the other systems. Fish deformities were significantly higher (p&lt;0.05) in the control

Fishing gears operated in lentic and lotic water bodies of Cooch Behar district, West Bengal, India

619-625A study was carried out to investigate different types of existing fishing gears employed by fishermen in lentic and lotic water bodies namely beels, ponds and rivers of Cooch Behar district of West Bengal, India. Observations revealed that various fishing gears are based on one or more factor such as behavior of fishes, microhabitat of fishes, physiography of water body, seasons of a year and so on. In the district of Cooch Behar about 22 types of fishing gears were documented, amongst them 8 are categorized as Net fishing gears, 2 as Tackles and 12 as Miscellaneous gears. Most of the fishing gears are fabricated by local people and fishermen with the help of locally available materials. The very small mesh size, of some fishing nets, catches all size groups of fishes and in turn results in depletion of fish diversity in the beels, ponds and rivers of Cooch Behar district

Fish Production, Water Quality and Bacteriological Parameters of Koi Carp Ponds Under Live-food and Manure Based Management Regimes

To test the effectiveness of introducing live zooplankton against direct manuring in ornamental fish ponds upon their survival and production, larvae of koi carp, Cyprinus carpio L., were cultured for 11 weeks in earthen ponds maintained according to four management regimes: (1) live zooplankton fed to carp larvae (LF); (2) direct fertilization with poultry manure (PM); (3) direct fertilization with cowdung (CD); and (4) a control treatment (C). There were three replicates for each treatment. The growth of heterotrophic bacteria and pathogenic microorganisms like Aeromonas sp. and Pseudomonas sp. were also examined in response to pond management. Values of dissolved oxygen were significantly higher (P<0.05) in the water of LF ponds, compared to other treatments, while the PM and CD treatments recorded were significantly higher (P<0.05) values of PO4 – P, NH4 – N, NO3 – N, NO2 – N, specific conductivity, alkalinity, and BOD, compared to the LF and C treatments. The percentages of organic carbon and total nitrogen in the bottom sediments were higher in the PM and CD treatments compared to LF (P<0.05). Average counts of heterotrophic bacteria in the water of PM and CD ponds were significantly higher than other treatments (P<0.05). The development of Aeromonas sp. and Pseudomonas sp. were significantly higher (P<0.05) in the PM and CD treatments. Weight gain of koi carp stocked in LF was significantly higher (P<0.05) than that of fish in the other treatments. There was a significant difference in the survival rate of koi carp among the treatments ranging from 67.21% in C to 90.11% in LF. The results suggest that raising koi carp larvae in ponds and feeding them exogenously with zooplankton would support high rates of survival and production through maintenance of better water quality and greater abundance of zooplankton in the system. Significantly lower abundance of Aeromonas sp. and Pseudomonas sp. in the LF treatment considerably lowered any possibility of occurrence of bacterial disease

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Not AvailableLoaches which are quite near to extinction are high demanding fish species having both ornamental and edible food value. Their identification is difficult due to morphological variation especially amongst Botia lohachata and Botia almorhae. Genetic diversity and molecular phylogeny among six loaches belonging to genus Botia were studied. Cytochrome Oxidase I (COI) gene (655 bp) was amplified using PCR and sequenced. The pairwise genetic distances among Botia species ranged from 0.004 to 0.200. The interspecies Kimura’s 2- parameter pair-wise distance was highest (0.200) between B. modesta and B. lohachata and lowest (0.004) for B. almorhae and B. lohachata. The overall transition/transversion bias is R = 3.084. The phylogenetic tree showed that B. almorhae and B. lohachata formed a monophyletic group (supported by 100% bootstrap value) and then constituted one clade with B. kubotai. Other Asian species B. rostrata, B. striata, B. dario B. modesta and B. macracanthus also contributed to this clade but were distant to native Botia species. It was deduced that loaches need attention towards conservation due to its endangerment and vulnerability status.Department of Biotechnology, Government of India, New Delh

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Not AvailableLoaches which are quite near to extinction are high demanding fish species having both ornamental and edible food value. Their identification is difficult due to morphological variation especially amongst Botia lohachata and Botia almorhae. Genetic diversity and molecular phylogeny among six loaches belonging to genus Botia were studied. Cytochrome Oxidase I (COI) gene (655 bp) was amplified using PCR and sequenced. The pairwise genetic distances among Botia species ranged from 0.004 to 0.200. The interspecies Kimura’s 2- parameter pair-wise distance was highest (0.200) between B. modesta and B. lohachata and lowest (0.004) for B. almorhae and B. lohachata. The overall transition/transversion bias is R = 3.084. The phylogenetic tree showed that B. almorhae and B. lohachata formed a monophyletic group (supported by 100% bootstrap value) and then constituted one clade with B. kubotai. Other Asian species B. rostrata, B. striata, B. dario B. modesta and B. macracanthus also contributed to this clade but were distant to native Botia species. It was deduced that loaches need attention towards conservation due to its endangerment and vulnerability status.Department of Biotechnology, Government of India, New Delh