Body composition and a school day hydration state among Polish children : a cross-sectional study

Background: Little is known on the relationship between obesity and hydration level in children. To explore the possible association between children’s hydration status and body composition, we conducted this cross-sectional study. Methods: The survey was carried out in 2018 in Preliminary and High Schools from the Malopolska Province, Poland. The study group consisted of 264 children aged 7-15 years. The level of hydration was assessed based on urine osmolality during a school day. The examined had anthropometric tests and body composition assessment (FM, BF%, FFM, TBW, TBW%). Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using a logistic regression analysis. Results: In the study group, 9.5% of the examined were overweight, 7.2% obese, and it referred more to the country than towns (p < 0.05). Improper hydration was found in 53% of children, and 16.3% of them were severely dehydrated during a school day (urine osmolality > 1000 mOsm/kgH2O). The level of dehydration was higher in children with excessive body fat (BF%) than in children with normal BF% [903.00 vs. 775 mOsm/kgH2O]. Older age (>10 y) showed inverse association with dehydration [OR 0.52 (95% CI; 0.28–0.99)] and excessed BF% showed 2.3-fold increase in odds of dehydration during a school day [OR 2.39 (95% CI; 1.15–4.94)]. Improper hydration was a risk factor of difficulties with concentration declared by students during a school day OR 2.85 (95% CI; 1.16–6.99). Conclusions: Attention should be paid to appropriate hydration especially in children with excessive body fat content who feature a higher risk of dehydration and fluid demand

The functional development of a premature baby : case study

Wprowadzenie. Intensywny rozwój nowoczesnych metod leczenia w neonatologii znacznie obniżył próg przeżywalności dzieci urodzonych przedwcześnie. Przedterminowe przerwanie procesu dojrzewania wszystkich układów w życiu płodowym wiąże się z ryzykiem powstania nieprawidłowości w rozwoju funkcjonalnym wcześniaków. Dzieci urodzone przedwcześnie narażone są w kolejnych latach życia na wiele problemów związanych z rozwojem motorycznym, poznawczym, społecznym i komunikacyjnym, dlatego aktualnie rośnie zapotrzebowanie na dokładniejsze śledzenie i badanie ich rozwoju. Wpływ urządzeń ekranowych na rozwój niemowląt i małych dzieci jest coraz większym problemem społecznym. Obecnie, dzięki rozwojowi nowych technologii cyfrowych, małe dzieci, a nawet niemowlęta dorastają w środowisku ekranu. Cel pracy. Celem pracy była ocena rozwoju funkcjonalnego dziecka urodzonego w 29 tygodniu ciąży, w wieku kalendarzowym 28 miesięcy, z uwzględnieniem wieloaspektowej pracy rodziców.Introduction. The intensive development of modern methods of treatment in neonatology has significantly reduced the survival threshold of prematurely born children. Early interruption of the maturation process of all systems in utero is associated with the risk of irregularities in the functional development of premature babies. Prematurely born children are exposed in the following years of life to many problems related to motor, cognitive, social and communication development, which is why there is a growing demand for more accurate tracking and research into their development. The impact of screen devices on the development of infants and young children is a growing social problem. Currently, thanks to the development of new digital technologies, small children and even infants are growing up in a screen environment. Aim. The aim of the study was to assess the functional development of a 28 months old child born in 29 weeks of gestation, taking into consideration the multifaceted involvement and effort of parents

Associations between sleep duration and anthropometric indices of adiposity in female university students

Objectives: To examine associations between sleep duration as well as time of going to sleep and anthropometric indices related to the amount and distribution of adiposity. Material: A total of 969 female university students, aged 19–24 years. Methods: Participants self-reported their sleep duration. Body weight, height, and waist circumference were measured. BMI, WHR and WHtR were calculated. Statistical analyses of results involved logistic regression models. Socioeconomic status and level of stress were added as covariates. Results: In 15% of the sample, sleep was too short (8 h). Compared to women who followed the recommended sleep duration, among short sleepers, both underweight and overweight were more frequent, while long sleepers were more likely to be overweight. A higher prevalence of abdominal obesity and increased risk of metabolic syndrome were observed in both short and long sleepers than in recommended sleepers. Irregular sleep times were connected with higher OR, both for BMI 25, for WC > 80, and WHtR below 0.4 and above 0.5. Irregular sleep times also led to an increased risk of metabolic diseases prevalence. Conclusions: Both too long and too short sleep increases the risk of overweight, obesity and abdominal obesity and, as a consequence, the risk of metabolic syndrome in young women

Does an early rural life influence selected health-related parameters of female university students?

Objective. The aim of the study was to define whether in a group of young women the place of residence in their childhood and adolescence, as well as moving from a rural to an urban area, have affected their biological condition. Materials and method. The data were obtained from 1,305 unmarried and childless women aged 18–25. The respondents were university students. Each person’s height, weight and waist circumference were measured, and the BMI, WHR, and WHtR indices were calculated. A survey was used to collect data on the females’ socio-economic status, their health condition and course of menstruation cycle. Results. In the whole sample, apart from WHR, there was no significant difference in anthropometric characteristics depending on the urbanization degree of the place of residence before commencing studies. In comparing the two groups of women, changing place of residence from a village to a city and from a city to another city, more differences were visible. Women of rural origin presented significantly higher values of BMI, waist circumference and WHtR than those from the city. They were also more frequently characterized by overweight and abdominal obesity. The women from other cities were characterized by underweight and too low amount of abdominal adipose tissue. Health problems were found in both groups. Students of rural origin more rarely declared changes in body weight and health condition after beginning studies. Students of urban origin were more often affected by sleeping problems and spine pains. Conclusions. The results of the study do not indicate that a change of place of residence has a stronger effect on the biological condition of rural women than their urban peers

Prevalence and factors associated with thinness in rural Polish children

A lot of attention has been focused on obesity, however, the other extreme—thinness—may lead to inhibition of physical and intellectual development. The aim was to assess the prevalence of thinness and determine the associated factors in children from rural populations. We used data from the cross-sectional sample of 3048 children, examined in schools from a district in southern Poland. The sample included 89% of the district departments, and included a proportion of rural and small town populations—a representative one for the region. Thinness was determined based on the criteria proposed by Cole and Lobstein. Biological, sociodemographic and lifestyle factors were analysed. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using logistic regression analysis. The prevalence of thinness was 11.5% in boys and 13.5% in girls. In the younger group, it was similar in boys and girls at 11.8%; whereas in the older group, it was 11.1% and 14.5%, respectively. The prevalence of thinness Grade 3 in girls was two times higher than in boys. The increased index of leisure time physical activity was connected with thinness in prepubertal boys. The mechanism determining the development of thinness is very complex and further exploration of this trend is recommended

Correlation between hepatocyte growth factor receptor and vascular endothelial growth factor-A in breast carcinoma.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the prognostic value of the vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) and hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR, c-met) expressions in homogenous group of breast cancer patients. Tumor samples were collected from 98 patients with invasive ductal breast carcinoma stage II treated with primary surgery. We have observed a strong correlation between VEGF-A and c-met. No correlations were found between VEGF-A or HGFR expressions and clinical parameters (tumor size, grade, axillary lymph node status, age), 5- and 10-years DFS or OS. Our study did not reveal any prognostic value of c-met or VEGF. In addition they are not useful to separate a patients' subgroup with poor prognosis. Unlike in other authors' studies, our patients' group is very homogenous which might tribute to obtained results

The 42nd Symposium Chromatographic Methods of Investigating Organic Compounds : Book of abstracts

The 42nd Symposium Chromatographic Methods of Investigating Organic Compounds : Book of abstracts. June 4-7, 2019, Szczyrk, Polan

Preparation of a genetic construct for specyfic labelling the Porphyromonas gingivalis strain with biarsenical dyes

Paradontoza to choroba cywilizacyjna prowadząca do destrukcji tkanki otaczającej zęby, a w konsekwencji do ich utraty. Jej główną przyczyną jest Gram-ujemna, beztlenowa bakteria zasiedlająca biofilm jamy ustnej – Porphyromonas gingivalis. Posiada ona rozmaite czynniki wirulencji zaburzające wrodzoną odpowiedź immunologiczną gospodarza i wywołujące stan zapalny. Dlatego też konieczne jest poznanie mechanizmów działania oraz lokalizacji tej bakterii w organizmie. Podejmowano już próby jej znakowania, jednakże wszystkie dotychczasowe metody były nieefektywne z uwagi na beztlenowe środowisko i obecność licznych proteaz. Postanowiono więc użyć do tego celu fluorescencyjnych barwników biarsenowych, które rozpoznają specyficzny tetracysteinowy motyw i wiążą się trwale do atomów siarki. Zdecydowano się umieścić ten motyw w najliczniej występującej na powierzchni komórki lipoproteinie – RagB. Dzięki wykorzystaniu licznych metod biologii molekularnej uzyskany zostanie szczep Porphyromonas gingivalis, który pozwoli na fluorescencyjną lokalizację tej bakterii w warunkach in vitro oraz in vivo. Do tej pory uzyskano konstrukt genetyczny służący do wprowadzenia sekwencji rozpoznawalnych przez barwniki biarsenowe w wybrane miejsca w genie ragB.Periodontitis is a civilization disease leading to destruction of tissue surrounding the teeth and consequently to their loss. Its main causative agent is Porphyromonas gingivalis, the Gram-negative, anaerobic bacterium present in dental plaque. It has a variety of virulence factors that deregulate the innate host immune response and cause an inflammation. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the mechanisms of action and localization of the microorganism in the human body. All previous methods of its labelling have been ineffective due to the anaerobic environment and presence of numerous proteases. Thus, it was decided to use fluorescent biarsenical dyes, which recognise a specific tetracystein motif and permanently bind to sulfur atoms. This motif will be inserted into the lipoprotein RagB, which is the one of the most abundant outer membrane proteins. Using numerous methods of molecular biology, there will be obtained a Porphyromonas gingivalis strain which enable the fluorescent localization of this bacterium in vitro and in vivo. So far, there has been obtained a genetic construct to insertion of sequences for biarsenical dyes into selected sites in the ragB gene